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OCR for page 367
School Meals: Building Blocks for Healthy Children
Appendix O
Comparison of Recommended Nutrient Targets to Various Nutrition Standards for School-Aged Children
LIST OF TABLES
Table O-1 Comparison of the Recommended Nutrient Targets with Existing Nutrition Standards for the School Meals Program
Table O-2 Comparison of the Recommended Nutrient Targets for the School Breakfast Program and the National School Lunch Program with Values Based on the Recommended Dietary Allowances or Adequate Intake, Elementary School (Ages 5–10 Years)
Table O-3 Comparison of the Recommended Nutrient Targets for the School Breakfast Program and the National School Lunch Program with Values Based on the Recommended Dietary Allowances or Adequate Intake, Middle School (Ages 11–13 Years)1
1
The table showing the comparison of the recommended Nutrient Targets for the School Breakfast Program and National School Lunch Program with values based on the Recommended Dietary Allowances or Adequate Intake for high school students can be found in Chapter 7, Table 7-2.
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School Meals: Building Blocks for Healthy Children
TABLE O-1 Comparison of the Recommended Nutrient Targets with Existing Nutrition Standards for the School Meal Programs
Elementary Breakfast
Middle School Breakfast
High School Breakfast
Nutrient Targets
Current Stdsa*
Nutrient Targets
Current Stdsa*
Nutrient Targets
Current Stdsa*
Calories (kcal)
350–500
554
400–550
554
450–600
554
Cholesterol (mg)
< 65
—
< 65
—
< 65
—
Total Fat (% of calories)
25–35
≤ 30%
25–35
≤ 30%
25–35
≤ 30%
Sat. Fat (% of calories)
< 10
< 10
< 10
< 10
< 10
< 10
trans fat
0
—
0
—
0
—
Linoleic Acid (g)
2.2
—
2.5
—
3.0
—
α-Linolenic Acid (g)
0.21
—
0.25
—
0.3
—
Protein (g)
10.2
10
21.6
10.0
21.8
10.0
Vitamin A (μg RAE)
129
197
162
197
186
197
Vitamin C (mg)
16
13
20
13
26
13
Vitamin E (mg αT)
2.0
—
2.7
—
3.7
—
Thiamin (mg)
0.2
—
0.3
—
0.4
—
Riboflavin (mg)
0.31
—
0.41
—
0.45
—
Niacin (mg)
3.2
—
4.0
—
4.9
—
Vitamin B6 (mg)
0.3
—
0.4
—
0.4
—
Folate (μg DFE)
91
—
114
—
138
—
Vitamin B12 (μg)
0.8
—
0.9
—
1.1
—
Iron (mg)
2.3
3.0
3.5
3.0
4.0
3.0
Magnesium (mg)
49
—
66
—
99
—
Zinc (mg)
2.0
—
2.5
—
2.9
—
Calcium (mg)
223
257
296
257
323
257
Phosphorus (mg)
242
—
362
—
384
—
Potassium (mg)
909
—
1,023
—
1,169
—
Sodium (mg)
≤ 434
—
≤ 473
—
≤ 495
—
Fiber (g)
5.7
—
6.2
—
7.2
—
NOTES: — = none; αT = α-tocopherol; DFE = dietary folate equivalent; g = gram; kcal = calories; mg = milligram; RAE = retinol activity equivalent; Stds = standards; μg = microgram.
aBased on food-based menu planning approach, option for kindergarten through grade 12.
bBased on food-based menu planning approach, option for kindergarten through grade 3.
cBased on food-based menu planning approach, option for grades 4–12.
dBased on food-based menu planning approach, option for grades 7–12.
SOURCES:
*Derived from USDA/FNS, 2000a, 2008e.
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School Meals: Building Blocks for Healthy Children
Elementary Breakfast
Middle School Breakfast
High School Breakfast
Nutrient Targets
Current Stdsb*
Nutrient Targets
Current Stdsc*
Nutrient Targets
Current Stdsd*
550–650
633
600–700
785
750–850
825
< 96
—
< 96
—
< 96
—
25–35
≤ 30%
25–35
≤ 30%
25–35
≤ 30%
< 10
< 10
< 10
< 10
< 10
< 10
0
—
0
—
0
—
3.3
—
3.6
—
4.5
—
0.31
—
0.36
—
0.45
—
15.2
9.0
32.2
15.0
32.5
16.0
192
200
241
285
277
300
24
15
30
17
39
18
3.0
—
4.0
—
5.4
—
0.4
—
0.5
—
0.6
—
0.46
—
0.61
—
0.67
—
4.7
—
6.0
—
7.3
—
0.4
—
0.5
—
0.6
—
136
—
169
—
205
—
1.2
—
1.3
—
1.6
—
3.4
3.3
5.2
4.2
5.9
4.5
72
—
98
—
147
—
2.9
—
3.7
—
4.3
—
332
267
440
370
481
400
361
—
538
—
572
—
1,353
—
1,523
—
1,740
—
≤ 636
—
≤ 704
—
≤ 736
—
8.5
—
9.3
—
10.7
—
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School Meals: Building Blocks for Healthy Children
TABLE O-2 Comparison of the Recommended Nutrient Targets for the School Breakfast Program and the National School Lunch Program with Values Based on the Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDA) or Adequate Intake (AI), Elementary School (Ages 5–10 Years)
Nutrient
SM-TMI
Current RDA/AI*
Breakfast Targetsa
Lunch Targetsb
Nutrient Targets
RDA/AI Method
Nutrient Targets
RDA/AI Method
Protein (g)
47.4
25
10.2
6.3
15.2
8.3
Vitamin A (μg RAE)c
601
480
129
120
192
160
Vitamin C (mg)c
74
33
16
8.3
24
11
Vitamin E (mg αT)
9.3
8.6
2.0
2.2
3.0
2.9
Thiamin (mg)c
1.16
0.7
0.25
0.18
0.37
0.24
Riboflavin (mg)c
1.45
0.7
0.31
0.18
0.46
0.24
Niacin (mg)c
14.7
9.6
3.2
2.4
4.7
3.2
Vitamin B6 (mg)
1.24
0.8
0.27
0.19
0.40
0.25
Folate (μg DFE)
425
240
91
60
136
80
Vitamin B12 (μg)
3.7
1.4
0.8
0.4
1.2
0.5
Iron (mg)c
10.5
9.2
2.3
2.3
3.4
3.1
Magnesium (mg)c
226
174
49
44
72
58
Zinc (mg)c
9.1
6.2
2.0
1.6
2.9
2.1
Calcium (mg)
1,037
1,000
223
250
332
333
Phosphorus (mg)
1,127
800
242
200
361
266
Potassium (mg)
4,229
4,080
909
1,020
1,353
1,359
Sodium (mg)
2,020d
1,320
≤ 434d
330e
≤ 636d
440e
Linoleic Acid (g)
10.4
10.4
2.2
2.6
3.3
3.5
α-Linolenic Acid (g)
0.97
1.0
0.21
0.25
0.31
0.33
Fiber (g)c
26.5
26.4
5.7
6.6
8.5
8.8
NOTES: AIs are presented in italics. RDA/AI values are expressed as a weighted average of the 4–8- and 9–10-year-old groups. αT = α-tocopherol; DFE = dietary folate equivalent; g = gram; kg = kilogram; mg = milligram; RAE = retinol activity equivalent; RDA = Recommended Dietary Allowance; SM-TMI = School Meal-Target Median Intake; μg = microgram; y = years.
aNutrient Targets based on 21.5 percent of the School Meal-TMI; RDA/AI Method values are based on 25 percent of the RDA or AI.
bNutrient Targets based on 32 percent of the School Meal-TMI; RDA/AI Method values are based on 33.3 percent of the RDA or AI.
cRDA/AI expressed as mean for males and females.
dTargets for sodium, which are based on the Tolerable Upper Intake Level, are for the year 2020.
eValues for sodium are based on the AI for sodium.
SOURCE:
*IOM, 2006.
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School Meals: Building Blocks for Healthy Children
TABLE O-3 Comparison of the Recommended Nutrient Targets for the School Breakfast Program and the National School Lunch Program with Values Based on the Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDA) or Adequate Intake (AI), Middle School (Ages 11–13 Years)
Nutrient
SM-TMI
Current RDA/AI*
Breakfast Targetsa
Lunch Targetsb
Nutrient Targets
RDA/AI Method
Nutrient Targets
RDA/AI Method
Protein (g)
100.6
34
21.6
8.5
32.2
11.3
Vitamin A (μg RAE)c
753
600
162
150
241
200
Vitamin C (mg)c
93
45
20
11
30
15
Vitamin E (mg αT)
12.5
11.0
2.7
2.8
4.0
3.7
Thiamin (mg)c
1.48
0.9
0.32
0.23
0.47
0.30
Riboflavin (mg)c
1.9
0.9
0.41
0.23
0.61
0.30
Niacin (mg)c
18.8
12.0
4.0
3.0
6.0
4.0
Vitamin B6 (mg)
1.69
1.0
0.36
0.25
0.54
0.33
Folate (μg DFE)
528
300
114
75
169
100
Vitamin B12 (μg)
4.2
1.8
0.90
0.5
1.34
0.6
Iron (mg)c
16.4
8.0
3.5
2.0
5.2
2.7
Magnesium (mg)c
306
240
66
60
98
80
Zinc (mg)c
11.6
8.0
2.5
2.0
3.7
2.7
Calcium (mg)
1,375
1,300
296
325
440
433
Phosphorus (mg)
1,682
1,250
362
313
538
416
Potassium (mg)
4,760
4,500
1,023
1,125
1,523
1,499
Sodium (mg)
2,200d
1,500
≤ 473d
375e
≤ 704d
500e
Linoleic Acid (g)
11.4
11.0
2.5
2.8
3.6
3.7
α-Linolenic Acid (g)
1.14
1.1
0.25
0.28
0.36
0.37
Fiber (g)c
29.0
28.5
6.2
7.1
9.3
9.5
NOTES: AIs are presented in italics. αT = α-tocopherol; DFE = dietary folate equivalent; g = gram; kg = kilogram; mg = milligram; RAE = retinol activity equivalent; RDA = Recommended Dietary Allowance; SM-TMI = School Meal-Target Median Intake; μg = microgram; y = years.
aNutrient Targets based on 21.5 percent of the School Meal-TMI; RDA/AI Method values are based on 25 percent of the RDA or AI.
bNutrient Targets based on 32 percent of the School Meal-TMI; RDA/AI Method values are based on 33.3 percent of the RDA or AI.
cRDA/AI expressed as mean for males and females.
dTargets for sodium, which are based on the Tolerable Upper Intake Level, are for the year 2020.
eValues for sodium are based on the AI for sodium.
SOURCE:
*IOM, 2006.
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