cated that their states had a viral hepatitis prevention plan in place, half of which were completed in the last 5 years. Just over half of the plans include all the components in Table 5-1. All plans address hepatitis C prevention, and two-thirds (65.6%) address hepatitis B prevention. About 78% of the plans include hepatitis B vaccinations whether or not other hepatitis B prevention services are included. Some coordinators indicated that the CDC Section 317 vaccination initiative resulted in substantial progress toward implementing hepatitis B vaccination services in their jurisdictions. The medical management component is included in the smallest percentage of plans (62.5%) and just one-quarter of those plans have acted on this component. Overall, the coordinator survey revealed that over 40% of jurisdictions do not have plans; of the states that do have plans, only half have all the components, and only 20.7% of these reported that they had made progress in all the components. The primary barrier to plan implementation was financial constraints on overall funding and staffing (96.9%).

A number of NGOs have been established to address the prevention and control of HBV and HCV infections. Most of them focus on advocacy efforts, such as raising public awareness about viral hepatitis and encouraging people, especially in high-risk populations, to be vaccinated for hepatitis B, to undergo risk-factor screening for hepatitis B and hepatitis C, and to determine whether laboratory testing and medical management are needed. Many organizations target specific populations. For example, the Jade Ribbon Campaign targets Asians and Pacific Islanders to reduce the