. "5 Sodium Intake Estimates for 2003–2006 and Description of Dietary Sources." Strategies to Reduce Sodium Intake in the United States. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press, 2010.
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Strategies to Reduce Sodium Intake in the United States
TABLE 5-4 Usual Mean Sodium Intake from Foods by Race/Ethnicity for Persons 2 or More Years of Age
Age
Total
Non-Hispanic White
Non-Hispanic African American
Mexican American
Mean (mg/d)
SE
Mean (mg/d)
SE
Mean (mg/d)
SE
Mean (mg/d)
SE
Age-adjusted
All ages 2+ years
3,506
9.0
3,589
14.0
3,315
16.0
3,342
17.0
Adults 19+ years
3,613
12.0
3,689
18.0
3,377
26.0
3,499
27.0
Not Age-adjusted
2–3 years
2,201
19.3
2,193
36.9
2,404
39.1
2,018
31.7
4–8 years
2,796
16.0
2,811
30.8
2,874
26.6
2,672
28.5
9–13 years
3,280
16.9
3,307
34.3
3,282
29.2
3,230
30.2
14–18 years
3,693
23.6
3,806
49.8
3,479
37.2
3,486
35.6
19–30 years
3,816
23.7
3,943
36.2
3,550
45.1
3,581
47.4
31–50 years
3,734
22.9
3,830
34.0
3,499
44.4
3,620
43.5
51–70 years
3,234
20.4
3,316
27.8
2,862
39.4
2,831
50.6
> 70 years
2,651
19.0
2,692
22.4
2,362
42.4
2,236
55.9
Adults 19+ years
3,493
12.1
3,549
16.9
3,271
24.9
3,425
27.4
All ages 2+ years
3,409
8.7
3,478
14.1
3,231
15.6
3,264
16.8
NOTES: Total column includes other racial/ethnic groups not shown separately. d = day; mg = milligram; SE = standard error.
SOURCE: NHANES, 2003–2006.
Income
Distributions of usual sodium intake from foods show that sodium intake is high across all income levels in the population (see Appendix F, Table F-6). For the purposes of this report and consistent with standards for reporting nutrition and statistical data for the evaluation of nutrition assistance programs (Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology, Life Sciences Research Office, 1995), low-income is defined as an annual household income level of 130 percent of poverty or less, the income eligibility for the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP), formerly called the food stamp program; intermediate income is between 130 percent and 185 percent of the poverty line (185 being the income eligibility cut-off for free- or reduced-price school meals and the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children [WIC] program); and higher-income is defined as annual household income above 185 percent of poverty. Mean sodium intake from foods is highest among low-income and higher-income adults ages 19–30 years and higher-income adults ages 31–50 years.
