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Strategies to Reduce Sodium Intake in the United States (2010)
Food and Nutrition Board (FNB)

Citation Manager

. "Appendix B: Government Initiatives and Past Recommendations of the National Academies, the World Health Organization, and Other Health Professional Organizations." Strategies to Reduce Sodium Intake in the United States. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press, 2010.

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Strategies to Reduce Sodium Intake in the United States

Date

Program/Initiative/Report Title

Recommendations/Initiatives/Actions

Target Population (if specified)

2007

Advanced Notice of Proposed Rulemaking (ANPR): Nutrition Labeling (HHS/FDA, 2007b)

Requested comments on questions including:

  • Should the Daily Reference Value (DRV) for sodium be based on the Tolerable Upper Intake Level (UL) for sodium (2,300 mg) or on the Adequate Intake (AI; 1,500 mg/d) using the population-coverage approach?

  • If the UL is used, should it be adjusted using the same approach (population-weighted or population-coverage) as the other Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs)?

 

2007

Public Hearing (HHS/FDA, 2007c)

Discussed: use of symbols to communicate nutrition information, consideration of consumer studies and nutrition criteria

 

U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA)

1993

Nutrition Labeling (USDA, 1993)

Adopted similar food labeling provisions as FDA for USDA-regulated products (notably meat and meat products)

 

1995

Commodity Distribution Program (provides 15–20% of school lunch program foods)

Recommended specific sodium reductions for 10 commodity food categories in USDA’s Commodity Distribution Program: canned beef, pork, poultry, luncheon meat, refried beans, salmon, tuna, ready-to-eat cereals, ham, and carrots

Excluded many other products due to the assumption that school children would find modifications unacceptable (USDA, 1995)

Children consuming school meals

2004

HealthierUS School Challenge (encourages elementary, middle, and high schools to improve the nutrition content of foods provided to children and youth) (FNS, 2010)

Rewards changes in the school nutrition environment, including providing lower-sodium foods to all children and youth:

  • Gold, silver, or bronze recognition: Foods with ≤ 480 mg sodium per non-entrée or ≤ 600 mg sodium per entrée

  • Gold award of distinction: Non-entrées with ≤ 200 mg sodium and entrées with ≤ 480 mg

Children and youth consuming school meals

Page
344
Front Matter (R1-R12)
Summary (1-16)
1 Introduction (17-28)
2 Sodium Intake Reduction: An Important But Elusive Public Health Goal (29-66)
3 Taste and Flavor Roles of Sodium in Foods: A Unique Challenge to Reducing Sodium Intake (67-90)
4 Preservation and Physical Property Roles of Sodium in Foods (91-118)
5 Sodium Intake Estimates for 2003–2006 and Description of Dietary Sources (119-152)
6 The Food Environment: Key to Formulating Strategies for Change in Sodium Intake (153-212)
7 The Regulatory Framework: A Powerful and Adaptable Tool for Sodium Intake Reduction (213-234)
8 Committee's Considerations and Basis for Recommendations (235-284)
9 Recommended Strategies to Reduce Sodium Intake and to Monitor Their Effectiveness (285-296)
10 Next Steps (297-316)
Committee Member Biographical Sketches (317-324)
Appendix A: Acronyms, Abbreviations, and Glossary (325-334)
Appendix B: Government Initiatives and Past Recommendations of the National Academies, the World Health Organization, and Other Health Professional Organizations (335-356)
Appendix C: International Efforts to Reduce Sodium Consumption (357-404)
Appendix D: Salt Substitutes and Enhancers (405-408)
Appendix E: Background on the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys and Data Analysis Methods (409-416)
Appendix F: Sodium Intake Tables (417-442)
Appendix G: National Salt Reduction Initiative Coordinated by the New York City Health Department (443-452)
Appendix H: Federal Rulemaking Process (453-456)
Appendix I: Nutrition Facts Panel (457-458)
Appendix J: State and Local Sodium Labeling Initiatives (459-466)
Appendix K: Approach to Linking Universal Product Code (UPC) Sales Data to the Nutrition Facts Panel (467-468)
Appendix L: Public Information-Gathering Workshop Agenda (469-472)
Index (473-494)