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Strategies to Reduce Sodium Intake in the United States (2010)
Food and Nutrition Board (FNB)

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. "Appendix B: Government Initiatives and Past Recommendations of the National Academies, the World Health Organization, and Other Health Professional Organizations." Strategies to Reduce Sodium Intake in the United States. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press, 2010.

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Strategies to Reduce Sodium Intake in the United States

TABLE B-2 Past Recommendations from the National Academies and the World Health Organization

Date

Program/Initiative/Report Title

Recommendations/Initiatives/Actions

Target Population (if specified)

The National Academies

1970

Safety and suitability of salt for use in baby foods (NRC, 1970)

Recommended ≤ 0.25% salt be added to commercial baby food

Infant food manufacturers

1980

Toward Healthful Diets (NRC, 1980a)

Use salt in moderation; adequate but safe intakes are considered to range between 3–8 g/d salt (1,200–3,200 mg/d sodium)

 

1980

Recommended Dietary Allowances, 9th ed. (NRC, 1980b)

Estimated Safe and Adequate Daily Dietary Intake of sodium: 1,100–3,300 mg

Adults

1989

Recommended Dietary Allowances (NRC, 1989a)

Estimated minimum requirements for sodium of 500 mg/d

Healthy persons ≥ 10 years of age

1989

Diet and Health: Implications for Reducing Chronic Disease Risk (NRC, 1989b)

Limit total daily intake of salt (sodium chloride) to ≤ 6 g, although ≤ 4.5 g would probably confer greater health benefits

Limit use of salt in cooking and avoid adding it to food at the table

Salty, highly processed salty, salt-preserved, and salt-pickled foods should be consumed sparingly

 

2005

Dietary Reference Intakes for Sodium (IOM, 2005)

Established Adequate Intake:

  • 1.5 g/d for persons 9–50 y

  • 1.3 g/d for persons 51–70 y

  • 1.2 g/d for persons > 70 y

Established Upper Limit:

  • 2.2 g/d for persons 9–13 y

  • 2.3 g/d for persons >13 y

 

Page
347
Front Matter (R1-R12)
Summary (1-16)
1 Introduction (17-28)
2 Sodium Intake Reduction: An Important But Elusive Public Health Goal (29-66)
3 Taste and Flavor Roles of Sodium in Foods: A Unique Challenge to Reducing Sodium Intake (67-90)
4 Preservation and Physical Property Roles of Sodium in Foods (91-118)
5 Sodium Intake Estimates for 2003–2006 and Description of Dietary Sources (119-152)
6 The Food Environment: Key to Formulating Strategies for Change in Sodium Intake (153-212)
7 The Regulatory Framework: A Powerful and Adaptable Tool for Sodium Intake Reduction (213-234)
8 Committee's Considerations and Basis for Recommendations (235-284)
9 Recommended Strategies to Reduce Sodium Intake and to Monitor Their Effectiveness (285-296)
10 Next Steps (297-316)
Committee Member Biographical Sketches (317-324)
Appendix A: Acronyms, Abbreviations, and Glossary (325-334)
Appendix B: Government Initiatives and Past Recommendations of the National Academies, the World Health Organization, and Other Health Professional Organizations (335-356)
Appendix C: International Efforts to Reduce Sodium Consumption (357-404)
Appendix D: Salt Substitutes and Enhancers (405-408)
Appendix E: Background on the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys and Data Analysis Methods (409-416)
Appendix F: Sodium Intake Tables (417-442)
Appendix G: National Salt Reduction Initiative Coordinated by the New York City Health Department (443-452)
Appendix H: Federal Rulemaking Process (453-456)
Appendix I: Nutrition Facts Panel (457-458)
Appendix J: State and Local Sodium Labeling Initiatives (459-466)
Appendix K: Approach to Linking Universal Product Code (UPC) Sales Data to the Nutrition Facts Panel (467-468)
Appendix L: Public Information-Gathering Workshop Agenda (469-472)
Index (473-494)