Challenges and Opportunities for Education About Dual Use Issues in the Life Sciences
NATIONAL RESEARCH COUNCIL
OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMIES
In cooperation with
IAP: The Global Network of Science Academies
International Union of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
International Union of Microbiological Societies
Polish Academy of Sciences
THE NATIONAL ACADEMIES PRESS
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NOTICE: The project that is the subject of this report was approved by the Governing Board of the National Research Council, whose members are drawn from the councils of the National Academy of Sciences, the National Academy of Engineering, and the Institute of Medicine. The members of the committee responsible for the report were chosen for their special competences and with regard for appropriate balance.
This project was supported by Grant No. S-LMAQM-08-CA-1 40, A004 between the National Academy of Sciences and the Department of State. Any opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the organizations or agencies that provided support for the project.
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COMMITTEE ON EDUCATION ON DUAL USE ISSUES IN THE LIFE SCIENCES
VICKI CHANDLER (Chair), Chief Program Officer,
Science, Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation, Palo Alto, CA, USA
JENNIFER GAUDIOSO, Principal Member of the Technical Staff,
International Biological Threat Reduction Program, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, USA
ANDRZEJ GÓRSKI, Vice-President,
Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, POLAND,
ALASTAIR HAY, Professor,
Environmental Toxicology, University of Leeds, UK
MICHAEL IMPERIALE, Professor,
Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
GABRIEL OGUNMOLA, Chairman,
Regional Committee for Africa, International Council for Science;
Executive Director,
Science and Technology Development Foundation;
former President,
Nigerian Academy of Sciences, Ibadan, NIGERIA
SERGIO JORGE PASTRANA, Foreign Secretary,
Cuban Academy of Sciences, Havana, CUBA
SUSAN SINGER, Laurence McKinley Gould Professor of the Natural Sciences,
Department of Biology, Carleton College, Northfield, MN, USA
GEOFFREY SMITH, Head,
Department of Virology, Imperial College London, UK
LEI ZHANG, Professor, Director,
International Liaison Office, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, CHINA
Staff
JO L. HUSBANDS, Study Director and Senior Project Director
KATHERINE BOWMAN, Senior Program Officer
ADAM P. FAGEN, Senior Program Officer (until June 2010)
BEN RUSEK, Program Officer
CARL-GUSTAV ANDERSON, Senior Program Assistant
BOARD ON LIFE SCIENCES
KEITH R. YAMAMOTO (Chair),
University of California, San Francisco
BONNIE L. BASSLER,
Princeton University, Princeton, NJ
VICKI L. CHANDLER,
Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation, Palo Alto, CA
SEAN EDDY,
HHMI Janelia Farm Research Campus, Ashburn, VA
MARK D. FITZSIMMONS,
John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation, Chicago, IL
DAVID R. FRANZ,
Midwest Research Institute, Frederick, MD
DONALD E. GANEM,
University of California, San Francisco
LOUIS J. GROSS,
University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN
JO HANDELSMAN,
Yale University, New Haven, CT
CATO T. LAURENCIN,
University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT
BERNARD LO,
University of California, San Francisco
ROBERT M. NEREM,
Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA
CAMILLE PARMESAN,
University of Texas, Austin
MURIEL E. POSTON,
Skidmore College, Saratoga Springs, NY
ALISON G. POWER,
Cornell University, Ithaca, NY
BRUCE W. STILLMAN,
Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY
CYNTHIA WOLBERGER,
Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
MARY WOOLLEY,
Research!America, Alexandria, VA
Staff
FRANCES E. SHARPLES, Director
JO L. HUSBANDS, Scholar/Senior Project Director
JAY B. LABOV, Senior Scientist/Program Director for Biology Education
KATHERINE BOWMAN, Senior Program Officer
MARILEE K. SHELTON-DAVENPORT, Senior Program Officer
INDIA HOOK-BARNARD, Program Officer
ANNA FARRAR, Financial Associate
CARL-GUSTAV ANDERSON, Senior Program Assistant
AMANDA MAZZAWI, Senior Program Assistant
SAYYEDA AYESHA AHMED, Program Assistant
Acknowledgments
This report has been reviewed in draft form by individuals chosen for their diverse perspectives and technical expertise, in accordance with procedures approved by the National Academies’ Report Review Committee. The purpose of this independent review is to provide candid and critical comments that will assist the institution in making its published report as sound as possible and to ensure that the report meets institutional standards for objectivity, evidence, and responsiveness to the study charge. The review comments and draft manuscript remain confidential to protect the integrity of the process.
We wish to thank the following individuals for their review of this report:
Spencer Benson, University of Maryland
Marie Chevrier, University of Texas, Dallas
Malcolm Dando, University of Bradford, United Kingdom
Michael Hanna, University of Michigan
Elizabeth Heitman, Vanderbilt University Medical Center
Joseph Kanabrocki, University of Chicago
Francis L. Macrina, Virginia Commonwealth University
Henry Metzger, National Institutes of Health
Jonathan Tucker, James Martin Center for Nonproliferation Studies, Monterey Institute of International Studies
Richard Witter, U.S. Department of Agriculture
Although the reviewers listed above have provided many constructive comments and suggestions, they were not asked to endorse the conclusions or recommendations, nor did they see the final draft of the report before its release. The review of this report was overseen by W. Emmett Barkley, Proven Practices, LLC. Appointed by the National Academies, he was responsible for making certain that an independent examination of this report was carried out in accordance with institutional procedures and that all review comments were carefully considered. Responsibility for the final content of this report rests entirely with the authoring committee and the institution.
The Polish Academy of Sciences served as the host for the workshop in November 2009. In addition to the able leadership of Professor Andrzej Górski, vice president of the Polish Academy, Dr. Urszula Wajcen, Director of International Relations, and two members of her staff, Anna Sienkiewicz and Joanna Szwedowska-Kotlinska, ensured the smooth and successful operation of the workshop.