Yokomura, K., T. Suda, S. Sasaki, N. Inui, K. Chida and H. Nakamura. 2003. Increased expression of the 25-hydroxyvitamin D(3)-1alpha-hydroxylase gene in alveolar macrophages of patients with lung cancer. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism 88(12): 5704-9.

Yoshikawa, S., T. Nakamura, H. Tanabe and T. Imamura. 1979. Osteomalacic myopathy. Endocrinologia Japonica 26(Suppl): 65-72.

Young, G. A., Jr., N. R. Underdahl and L. E. Carpenter. 1949. Vitamin D intake and susceptibility of mice to experimental swine influenza virus infection. Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine 72(3): 695-7.

Yu, C. K. H., L. Sykes, M. Sethi, T. G. Teoh and S. Robinson. 2009. Vitamin D deficiency and supplementation during pregnancy. Clinical Endocrinology 70(5): 685-90.

Zeghoud, F., C. Vervel, H. Guillozo, O. Walrant-Debray, H. Boutignon and M. Garabedian. 1997. Subclinical vitamin D deficiency in neonates: definition and response to vitamin D supplements. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 65(3): 771-8.

Zhu, K., D. Bruce, N. Austin, A. Devine, P. R. Ebeling and R. L. Prince. 2008a. Randomized controlled trial of the effects of calcium with or without vitamin D on bone structure and bone-related chemistry in elderly women with vitamin D insufficiency. Journal of Bone and Mineral Research 23(8): 1343-8.

Zhu, K., A. Devine, I. M. Dick, S. G. Wilson and R. L. Prince. 2008b. Effects of calcium and vitamin D supplementation on hip bone mineral density and calcium-related analytes in elderly ambulatory Australian women: a five-year randomized controlled trial. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism 93(3): 743-9.

Zipitis, C. S. and A. K. Akobeng. 2008. Vitamin D supplementation in early childhood and risk of type 1 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Archives of Disease in Childhood 93(6): 512-7.

Zittermann, A., S. S. Schleithoff, G. Tenderich, H. K. Berthold, R. Korfer and P. Stehle. 2003. Low vitamin D status: a contributing factor in the pathogenesis of congestive heart failure? Journal of the American College of Cardiology 41(1): 105-12.

Zittermann, A., S. S. Schleithoff and R. Koerfer. 2005. Putting cardiovascular disease and vitamin D insufficiency into perspective. British Journal of Nutrition 94(4): 483-92.

Zittermann, A., S. Frisch, H. K. Berthold, C. Gotting, J. Kuhn, K. Kleesiek, P. Stehle, H. Koertke and R. Koerfer. 2009. Vitamin D supplementation enhances the beneficial effects of weight loss on cardiovascular disease risk markers. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 89(5): 1321-7.

Zmuda, J. M., J. A. Cauley, M. E. Danielson, R. L. Wolf and R. E. Ferrell. 1997. Vitamin D receptor gene polymorphisms, bone turnover, and rates of bone loss in older African-American women. Journal of Bone and Mineral Research 12(9): 1446-52.

Zmuda, J. M., J. A. Cauley, M. E. Danielson, T. M. Theobald and R. E. Ferrell. 1999. Vitamin D receptor translation initiation codon polymorphism and markers of osteoporotic risk in older African-American women. Osteoporosis International 9(3): 214-9.

Zmuda, J. M., J. A. Cauley, M. E. Danielson and R. E. Ferrell. 2003. Vitamin D receptor and aromatase gene interaction and bone mass in older African-American women. Metabolism 52(5): 521-3.