Dietary Reference Intakes for Calcium and Vitamin D

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Dietary Reference Intakes for Calcium, Phosphorus, Magnesium, Vitamin D, and Fluoride
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Dietary Reference Intakes for Calcium and Vitamin D (2011)
Food and Nutrition Board (FNB)

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. "5 Dietary Reference Intakes for Adequacy: Calcium and Vitamin D." Dietary Reference Intakes for Calcium and Vitamin D. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press, 2011.

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DRI Dietary Reference Intakes Calcium Vitamin D

TABLE 5-2 Calcium Intake Estimated to Achieve Average Bone Calcium Accretion for Children and Adolescents Using the Factorial Method

Study Author, Year	Age/Gender	Average Calcium Accretion (mg/day)	Urinary Losses (mg/day)	Endogenous Fecal Calcium Losses (mg/day)	Sweat Losses (mg/day)	Total Needed (mg/day)	Absorption (percent)	Estimated Total Intake (Adjusted for Absorption)
Lynch et al., 2007	1–3 Male/Female	142	34	40	—	216	45.6	474
Abrams et al., 1999; Ames et al., 1999	4–8 Male/Female	140–160	40	50	—	240	30.0	800
Vatanparast et al., 2010	9–13 Female	151	106	112	55	424	38.0	1,116
	9–13 Male	141	127	108	55	465	38.0	1,224
	14–18 Female	92	106	112	55	365	38.0	961
	14–18 Male	210	127	105	55	500	38.0	1,316
	9–18 Female	121	106	112	55	394	38.0	1,037
	9–18 Male	175	127	108	55	465	38.0	1,224

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352

Front Matter (R1-R16)

1 Introduction (15-34)

2 Overview of Calcium (35-74)

3 Overview of Vitamin D (75-124)

4 Review of Potential Indicators of Adequacy and Selection of Indicators: Calcium and Vitamin D (125-344)

5 Dietary Reference Intakes for Adequacy: Calcium and Vitamin D (345-402)

6 Tolerable Upper Intake Levels: Calcium and Vitamin D (403-456)

7 Dietary Intake Assessment (457-478)

8 Implications and Special Concerns (479-512)

9 Information Gaps and Research Needs (513-522)

Appendix A: Acronyms, Abbreviations, and Glossary (523-536)

Appendix B: Issues and Interests Identified by Study Sponsors (537-538)

Appendix C: Methods and Results from the AHRQ-Ottawa Evidence-Based Report on Effectiveness and Safety of Vitamin D in Relation to Bone Health (539-724)

Appendix D: Methods and Results from the AHRQ-Tufts Evidence-Based Report on Vitamin D and Calcium (725-1012)

Appendix E: Literature Search Strategy (1013-1018)

Appendix F: Evidence Maps (1019-1024)

Appendix G: Cases Studies of Vitamin D Toxicity (1025-1034)

Appendix H: Estimated Intakes of Calcium and Vitamin D from National Surveys (1035-1044)

Appendix I: Proportion of the Population Above and Below 40 nmol/L Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Concentrations and Cumulative Distribution of Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Concentrations: United States and Canada (1045-1058)

Appendix J: Workshop Agenda and Open Session Agendas (1059-1064)

Appendix K: Biographical Sketches of Committee Members (1065-1074)

Index (1075-1102)

Summary Tables: Dietary Reference Intakes (1103-1116)