National Academies Press: OpenBook
« Previous: Appendix G: Administrative Data
Suggested Citation:"Index." Institute of Medicine and National Research Council. 2011. Child and Adolescent Health and Health Care Quality: Measuring What Matters. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13084.
×

Index

[Page numbers followed by b, f, or t refer to boxed text, figures, or tables, respectively.]

A

Access and utilization

in adolescent pregnancy, 45

in conceptual framework of children’s health, 6162, 63f

as determinant of health status, 3741

family factors in, 4, 37, 178

goals for health monitoring system, 13, 65, 94

insurance and, 3738

language proficiency and, 31

longitudinal research, 200

measurement of disparities in, 58, 194

patterns and trends, 3741

preventive and well-child care, 40b, 41b

in public health insurance programs, 137138

racial and ethnic differences in, 114

Accessibility of data, 2, 19, 124, 126127b, 176

Accidents. See Unintentional injury

Accountability

for community health, 52

data needs for, 151

in development of new health measures, 190

for health of underserved populations, 151

for implementation of recommendations, 7

measurement challenges, 141

for population health, 5051

purpose of quality measurement, 139

Accountable care organizations, 147

Add Health. See National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health

Administrative records, 69, 71, 74, 76, 251, 289325

Adult health status

childhood determinants of, 28, 29, 3839, 4041, 42, 4344

life-course perspective, 42

Adverse Childhood Experiences, 123124

Affordable Care Act, 1011, 38, 197, 198, 248

Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, 18, 5556, 64, 73, 97, 143

assessment of preventive services by, 197

in implementation of recommendations, 187b, 193, 199, 200, 203, 204205, 207

Patient Safety Indicators, 320

Suggested Citation:"Index." Institute of Medicine and National Research Council. 2011. Child and Adolescent Health and Health Care Quality: Measuring What Matters. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13084.
×

quality improvement efforts, 149151, 154, 158160t, 247

work on quality indicators, 34b, 35b, 146, 195196, 257

American Academy of Pediatrics, 57, 113114, 164

American Community Survey, 88, 125, 167168

American Recovery and Reinvestment Act, 77, 145, 149, 261

America’s Children, 72, 110

America’s Uninsured Crisis: Consequences for Health and Health Care, 37

Annie E. Casey Foundation, 129

Annual reports

current health monitoring system, 137, 143, 149, 191, 324

recommendations for, 6, 8, 9, 188, 191, 193

stepwise approach to data system improvement, 6, 183184

Annual Social and Economic Supplement, 78

Anxiety disorders, 104

Assuring Better Child Health and Development, 165, 322323

Asthma, 34, 35, 37, 39, 47, 5859, 100, 104, 105, 114, 136

Asthma State Plan, 170171

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, 41b, 100, 156

B

Behavioral disorders, 104, 157, 196197

Behavioral health

community factors, 4647

current data collection, 105106, 107, 123

life-course perspective, 4546

online data collection, 126b

parent’s knowledge of child’s, 59

recommendations for measurement, 11, 198199, 201

screening, 157161

See also Substance abuse

Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance Study, 123, 125, 126b

Benchmarking, 56, 75, 148, 151, 161, 289, 290

Beyond the HIPAA Privacy Rule, 84

Breastfeeding, 45

C

Cancer, 33, 55

Capacity to use and report data

challenges in, 5859

recent efforts to improve quality measurement, 161162

recommendations for improving, 6, 11, 1214, 199, 201, 205207

stepwise approach to data system improvement, 6, 183, 184

support for states, 195, 207

technical support from federal agencies, 35b

Care transitions

adolescent to adult, 163164

chronic disorders, 163

life-course perspective for monitoring, 162, 173

longitudinal studies of, 202

measuring disparities in, 194

monitoring across multiple domains, 164165

prenatal to pediatric, 162163

rationale for monitoring, 4, 179

Case mix adjustment, 7982

Census data, 69, 71

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 35b, 47, 85, 97, 104105, 106, 107, 199, 203, 251

Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services, 18, 148, 161162

assessment of preventive services by, 197

in implementation of recommendations, 187b, 193, 199, 200, 203, 204205

quality of care measurement, 34b, 35b, 135136, 143, 146, 149, 151154, 248, 301302

in state data collection efforts, 161162

vaccine data, 310311

Centers of Excellence, 150151, 174

Child and Adolescent Health Measurement Initiative, 142, 165, 247, 294295

Child Health Improvement through Computer Automation, 169

Child Poverty in Perspective: An Overview of Child Well-Being in Rich Countries, 14, 16

Children and adolescents, defined, 2325, 75

Suggested Citation:"Index." Institute of Medicine and National Research Council. 2011. Child and Adolescent Health and Health Care Quality: Measuring What Matters. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13084.
×

Children’s Health, the Nation’s Wealth, 26, 61, 72, 76, 95, 107, 108, 111, 122, 141, 165, 179, 184, 206

Children’s Health Insurance Program, 16, 183

access to care, 137138

Annual Reporting Template System, 324

coverage, 32b

data needs, 53

data sets, 31, 117118, 252, 253, 254, 260, 291292

definition of child, 75

efforts to standardize data, 162

funding, 32b

origins, 143

outcomes data, 5152

purpose, 32b

quality of care measurement, 137, 143, 145146, 151153

resource allocation, 32b

See also Public health insurance programs

Children’s Health Insurance Program Reauthorization Act, 2, 9, 17, 32b, 34b, 35b, 7677, 93, 137, 143, 145146, 149, 151, 248, 252, 253

Children’s Optimal Health, 171172

Child Well-Being Index, 190

Chronic disease conditions

benefits of early intervention, 37

care transitions, 163

current data system, 100103

functional status measurement, 3536, 108, 199

prevalence, 2728, 100

quality of care assessments, 246247

See also Special health care needs, children with

Clean water supply, 41b

Clinical Immunization Safety Assessment Network, 318319

Commonwealth Fund, 144

Community Health Data Initiative, 89

Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems, 75, 143, 150, 192, 260

Consumer Assessment of Health Plans, 292293

Continuous improvement, 10, 16, 195, 196

Costs

of data collection, 71

data needs on, 53, 133

health care financing, 147

health insurance coverage, 38

hospital data, 97

of low health literacy, 60b

in quality of care measurement, 137138, 141

rationale for early intervention with complex health conditions, 135

special health care needs, 100

of standardization of data collection, 77

of unintentional injuries, 36

County Health Rankings, 129, 130, 131f

CPONDER, 126b

Criminal behavior, 46

Crossing the Quality Chasm, 33, 141, 144, 245246

Current Population Survey, 78, 88, 125, 127b, 167168

Cystic fibrosis, 33

D

DATA2010, 126b

Databases, 8283

Data collection

for accountability, 151

conceptual framework for, 27f, 5963, 63f, 65, 205

criteria for developing high-quality systems, 5354

cross-cultural validity, 192

electronic capture, 5, 182

emerging technologies for, 184185

future prospects, 7677, 84, 198

illustrative examples of challenges in, 8588

minimum basic data set, 6465

rationale for improving, 53, 65

stakeholder interests and, 52

terminology, 24b

transparency in, 5, 11, 12, 124, 161, 180, 202204

unique identifiers in, 11, 187b, 202, 204, 252

See also Data sources; Existing data and data systems; Measures of health and health care; Quality of care measurement

Suggested Citation:"Index." Institute of Medicine and National Research Council. 2011. Child and Adolescent Health and Health Care Quality: Measuring What Matters. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13084.
×

Data Resource Center for Child and Adolescent Health, 126b

Data sources

layering, 168, 171172, 207

medical records, 248

needs of health care system, 5051

online, 126127b

recommendations for improving capacity to use, 6, 11, 1214, 199, 201, 205207

recommendations for new, 1011, 196200

See also Data collection; Existing data and data systems; Federal data collection and reporting systems; Integration of data sources

Data systems, 24b

Defense Medical Surveillance System, 309310

Demographic data

case mix adjustment, 7980

current data collection system, 4, 178, 260

disparities in health and health care and, 31

goals for health and health care data collection, 94

reference group criteria, 179180

significance of, in health care research, 92

smoking risk, 36

standardization issues, 136

See also Educational achievement and attainment; Language spoken at home and parental language proficiency; Race/ethnicity

Department of Veterans Affairs, 316317

Diabetes, 40

Diet and nutrition, 105, 201

Difficult-to-measure indicators, 12, 13, 154

Difficult-to-reach populations, 12, 13, 154

Directory of Health and Human Services Data Resources, 72

Disability, 28, 111

See also Special health care needs, children with

Disability in America: Toward a National Agenda for Prevention, 28

Disparities in health and health care delivery

case mix adjustment to study, 8182

current status, 3033, 57

data sources, 33, 113114, 115116

infant health, 39

measurement challenges, 191

need for standardized measurement of, 89, 176, 191192

oral health, 115

in public health insurance programs, 138

race/ethnicity and, 31, 34, 58, 92, 113115

recommendations for measurement of, 89, 193, 194

shortcomings of current data collection, 3, 5758, 7779, 113118, 176, 192

sociodemographic patterns and, 31

socioeconomic status as source of, 17, 31, 58, 78

Donabedian model, 49, 61, 245246

E

Early Periodic Screening, Diagnosis, and Treatment, 186b, 197

Eating disorders, 45

Educational achievement and attainment current data collection system, 4, 178

health effects on, 39

health insurance and, 37

health outcomes of, 46

in measurement of social determinants of health, 199

parental, 117

study goals, 1819

Electronic data capture, 5, 182

Electronic health information exchange, 76, 84

Electronic health records

confidentiality concerns, 84

current implementation, 84

future prospects, 67, 76, 83, 84, 90, 174, 182, 185

legislative requirements, 146, 149, 154

Emergency medicine, 36

End-of-life conditions, 111112

Engaging Privacy and Information Technology in a Digital Age, 84

Evidence-Based Practice Center Program, 195

Existing data and data systems, 2021

accessibility, 124, 126127b, 176

approach for evaluation of, 1920, 95

capacity to monitor trends, 5657

Suggested Citation:"Index." Institute of Medicine and National Research Council. 2011. Child and Adolescent Health and Health Care Quality: Measuring What Matters. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13084.
×

on childhood morbidity and mortality, 96100

on chronic disease conditions, 100103

collection methods, 6972, 70t, 179182

development of annual reports from, 8, 191

development of standardized measures based on, 8, 191

efforts to integrate and aggregate databases, 124128, 128b

on end-of-life conditions, 111112

on functional status of children and adolescents, 108111

illustrative examples of challenges in using, 8588

initial observations, 5965

key findings, 67, 9192, 137138

life-course perspective in, 121, 123124

limitations of, 12, 3, 45, 4749, 5559, 68, 7485, 89, 90, 99100, 102103, 106107, 110111, 117118, 120, 124, 125128, 130132, 135136, 176179, 191, 198, 207208

linkage of population health indicators with public health interventions, 129130, 181

measurement of disparities in health and health care, 3, 5758, 7779, 113118

on preventable common health conditions, 103107

privacy and confidentiality concerns, 8485

range of indicators of child and adolescent health, 5556

on social determinants of health, 51, 118120, 178

standardization issues, 3, 7476, 176177

stepwise approach to improving, 6, 183184, 185f

timeliness of reporting, 124, 176

See also Data collection; Data sources; Federal data collection and reporting systems

External Quality Review Organization, 300301

F

Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act, 181, 201

Family structure and functioning

in measurement of social determinants of health, 199

rationale for measuring, 4, 178

study goals, 1819

See also Language spoken at home and parental language proficiency; Parents and caregivers

Federal data collection and reporting systems, 2, 7273, 274287t

benchmarking data, 161162

current shortcomings, 91

efforts to improve quality measurement, 145154, 172, 183

jurisdictional issues, 168

study goals, 18

See also specific program or agency

Federal Interagency Forum on Child and Family Statistics, 72, 75, 168, 186b, 193, 200, 201, 303304

Federal Quality Workgroup of the CHIPRA Steering Committee, 145

Fetal programming, 121

Financing of health care

pediatric care considerations in payment reform, 147

quality improvement and, 147

Fluoridation, 41b

For the Public’s Health: The Role of Measurement in Action and Accountability, 50, 168

Foundation for Accountability, 247

Foundations of Lifelong Health Are Built in Early Childhood, The, 43

Functional status of children and adolescents, 7, 26, 28, 29, 55, 61, 95, 108111, 132, 136, 173, 179, 199

Future Directions for the National Healthcare Quality and Disparities Report, 161

Future of Public Health, The, 4041b

G

Geocode mapping, 168

Geographic positioning data, 13, 171172

Suggested Citation:"Index." Institute of Medicine and National Research Council. 2011. Child and Adolescent Health and Health Care Quality: Measuring What Matters. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13084.
×

Goals for child and adolescent health care quality

current goal-setting efforts, 3, 190

to prioritize data needs, 6364

priority areas, 67, 43, 188189, 190

recommendations for, 69, 183, 189190

sources for, 188

in stepwise approach to data system improvement, 6, 183, 185188

Great Smoky Mountain Study, 7374

H

HCUPnet, 126127b

Health, United States, 51

Health and Human Services, 2, 43, 47, 72, 150, 252

core set of children’s health care quality measures, 14, 56, 150, 152153b, 183, 206, 253

Federal Quality Workgroup of the CHIPRA Steering Committee, 35b

grantee data, 313314

initial action agenda, 7

national quality strategy and national prevention strategy reports, 6, 8, 9, 148

recommendations for, 714, 186b, 188, 189190, 193194, 195, 197, 199, 201, 203, 206

Universal Claims Database for Health Research, 321

Health Care and Education Reconciliation Act, 17, 93

Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project, 96, 9798, 100, 196, 256260, 257259t

Healthcare Effectiveness Data and Information Set, 74, 143, 150, 156, 166, 247, 248, 251, 253255, 289290, 291292

Healthcare Research and Quality Act, 149

Health Data Interactive, 51, 127b

Health Indicators Warehouse, 89

Health information technology, 7, 13, 14, 35b, 83, 148, 174, 198

Health Information Technology for Economic and Clinical Health, 145, 149, 261

Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act, 83, 84, 181, 201

Health literacy

costs of inadequate levels of, 60b

current patterns, 60b

as determinant of health and health care outcomes, 60b

measurement, 4, 60b

need for improved health education, 60b

parental, 59, 60b

rationale for monitoring, 178179

Health Resources and Services Administration, 35b, 197, 203

Health status of children and adolescents

adult health outcomes and, 28, 29

assessment challenges, 2728

in community context, 2829, 4647

defining, for high-quality data system, 5354

definition and conceptual scope, 2530, 121, 165

determinants of, 1, 4, 2627, 27f, 61, 169170, 178, 179

family factors, 4, 178

goals for monitoring, 9394

international comparison, 1617, 3435

life-course perspective, 7, 4445

need for standardized definitions and measures of, 7576

online data sources, 126127b

patterns and trends, 3337

perception of, by children and parents, 75

poverty effects, 136

prevalence of chronic conditions, 2728, 100

public health intervention outcomes, 4041b

See also Disparities in health and health care delivery; Goals for child and adolescent health care quality; Measures of health and health care; Monitoring health status of children and adolescents

Healthy People 2010/2020, 6, 2627, 43, 45, 47, 51, 52, 126b, 129, 188, 190

Healthy Start program, 197

Heart disease, 39, 40

Hospitals

admissions data, 77, 9798

childhood morbidity and mortality data, 9799

discharge data, 97, 256, 306307

psychiatric follow-up, 156157

Suggested Citation:"Index." Institute of Medicine and National Research Council. 2011. Child and Adolescent Health and Health Care Quality: Measuring What Matters. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13084.
×

quality of care assessment, 8182, 256260

utilization data, 97

I

Immunizations, 37, 41b, 80, 310311, 319320

Indexes, defined, 24b

Indian Health Service, 35b, 78

Indicators, defined, 24b

Infant mortality, 17, 3435, 39, 92, 200

Innovation, 152153

Inpatient care data, 55

Institute of Medicine, 245246

Insurance, health

in adolescent to adult care transitions, 163164

claims data, 97

current coverage, 37, 8788

current data system, 8788, 101

databases, 167168

as determinant of health care access, 3738

goals for health monitoring system, 94

sources of, 38

See also Children’s Health Insurance Program; Medicaid; Medicare; Public health insurance programs

Integrated framework of health indicators, 21, 8990, 179180, 205

Integration of data sources

birth and death record linkage, 98

current efforts and capacity, 56, 59, 90, 124130, 128b, 151, 181

demonstration projects for, 207

government jurisdictional issues, 168, 188

illustrative examples of current challenges, 8588

key resources, 256262

linkage of population health indicators with public health interventions, 129130, 181

methods, 8285

opportunities for, 167168, 180181

rationale, 5, 180, 202, 205

recommendations for, 1112, 201, 203

Title V requirements, 124125

within-state initiatives, 168, 169, 171, 261262

Interagency Forum on Child and Family Statistics, 190

International Classification of Diseases, 75, 76, 8384

Interview data, 69, 7172

J

Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations, 247

K

Kaiser Permanente, 97

Key National Indicators Initiative, 204205

Kids Count, 129, 190

Kids’ Inpatient Database, 86, 9799, 100

Kids Integrated Data Set, 171, 204

L

Language spoken at home and parental language proficiency

current data collection on, 77, 178

effects on health and health care, 4, 31, 5758

goals for health monitoring system, 94

implications for surveys of child health and health care, 192

recommendations for measurement of disparities in health and health care quality, 89, 193

Layering of data, 168, 171172, 207

Leading Health Indicators for Healthy People 2020, 42, 189

Leukemia, 33

Life-course approach, 4

conceptual basis, 42, 120121, 162

current data collections with, 121, 123124, 162

determinants of health in, 4243, 4546, 48f

illustrative examples, 4345

measurement of health, 95, 132

measurement of health functioning, 121123

measurement of preventive services outcomes, 11

monitoring care transitions, 162164

policy implications of, 4547

Suggested Citation:"Index." Institute of Medicine and National Research Council. 2011. Child and Adolescent Health and Health Care Quality: Measuring What Matters. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13084.
×

quality of care measurement, 141, 173

rationale, 7, 42, 92, 95, 132, 173, 181182

recommendations for, 7, 8, 11, 188190, 193, 197, 199

in setting of health and health care goals, 7, 8

trends in health research and practice, 43

Longitudinal data

current studies of children and youth, 7374

rationale for collecting, 5, 12, 181182, 202

recommendations for, 11, 200

Low birth weight, 37, 3941, 121

M

Managed care, 253, 254

Maternal and Child Health Bureau, 32b, 43, 45, 55, 7576, 86, 251252

Measures of health and health care

for accountability assessment, 141, 151

case mix adjustment, 7982

Children’s Health Insurance Program Reauthorization Act requirements, 34b, 35b

core set, 14, 64, 149150, 155156, 206

current system, 1, 3, 4, 8, 21, 130132, 177179

definition, 24b

developmental status, 122

four D’s of pediatric medicine, 142

functional status, 136, 179

goals for, 5153, 9394, 133, 135, 184

health functioning measurements, 121123

integrated framework for, 21, 179180

life-course perspective for, 95, 132

methodology for evaluating, 95

minimum basic data set, 64

need for coordinated approach to integrate, 8990

for preventive services assessment, 136, 140141

priority areas, 7, 43, 6364, 95, 132, 188189, 190

process measures, 51, 141

psychological functioning, 93

rationale for improving, 1, 16, 65, 92

recommendations for new, 1011, 190

recommendations for periodic review, 910, 194196

research needs, 1819

stepwise approach to improving, 6, 183184, 185f

validity, 93, 184

whole child approach, 4

See also Data collection; Data sources; Federal data collection and reporting; Monitoring health status of children and adolescents; Quality of care measurement; Standardization in measurement

Media exposure, 201

Medicaid, 2, 147

access to care, 137138

administration, 32b

data collection system, 31, 7677, 78, 85, 117118, 135136, 137, 161, 162, 204, 254, 260, 291292, 312313, 325

data needs, 53

definition of child, 75

distribution of expenditures, 32b

eligibility system data, 314315

enrollment patterns, 32b

outcomes data, 5152

purpose, 32b

quality of care measurement, 34b, 137, 143, 151153

in stepwise approach to improving health care data system, 183

See also Insurance, health; Public health insurance programs

Medicaid and CHIP Payment Access Commission, 34b, 145

Medicaid Statistical Information System, 192, 204, 251, 252253, 311312

Medicaid Transformation Grant, 7677

Medical data registries, 83

Medical Expenditure Panel Study, 85, 88, 96, 97, 98, 167168

Medical home concept, 29, 37, 119, 147

Medical Homes Practice Measures, 295296

Medicare, 147, 261, 312313

See also Public health insurance programs

Medicare Hospital Compare, 290291

Medstat Marketscan, 97

Suggested Citation:"Index." Institute of Medicine and National Research Council. 2011. Child and Adolescent Health and Health Care Quality: Measuring What Matters. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13084.
×

Mental health

assessment technology, 93

coordination of care, 157

developmental screening, 41b

hospital admissions, 98

life-course approach to health care, 45

longitudinal studies of youth, 7374

prevalence of disorders, 36, 104, 156, 196197

psychiatric hospital follow-up, 156157

quality of care, 156161

racial and ethnic differences, 114115

recommendations for measurement, 11, 194, 197

screening, 157161

shortcomings of current data system, 5556, 154

MEPSnet/HC, 127b

Monitoring health status of children and adolescents

approach to assessing current system of, 1920

capacity to monitor trends, 5657, 94

in care transitions, 4, 162164, 173, 179

challenges in, 2728, 8990

conceptual framework for, 27f, 5963, 63f, 65, 205

current shortcomings, 1, 3, 4749, 5458, 67, 91, 175176

goals, 53, 9394

historical and conceptual evolution, 9293

rationale, 1, 1516, 6768, 175

responsibility for, 206207

sentinel measures of quality of care, 156

study goals, 1719

See also Data collection; Measures of health and health care; Screening

Mood disorders, 104. See Behavioral health

Mortality patterns and trends, 33

from accidental injury, 36

among children and adolescents, 111112

birth and death record linkage, 98

childhood obesity and, 39

current data sources, 96100

infant, 17, 3435, 200

leading causes of death, 96, 96b

public health intervention outcomes, 4041b

quality of care measurement, 141

racial and ethnic differences, 114, 115

Multi-State Foster Care Data Archive, 204

N

National Advisory Council Subcommittee on Children’s Healthcare Quality Measures for Medicaid and Child Health Insurance Programs, 149150, 155156

See also Subcommittee of the National Advisory Committee

National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey, 127b, 307308

National Center for Education Statistics, 125

National Center for Health Statistics, 36, 97, 99100, 104, 112, 126b, 127b, 203, 256, 305306

National Children’s Study, 73, 119120

National Committee for Quality Assurance, 74, 142, 164, 247, 253, 289

National Death Index, 102

National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 36, 104, 105, 106, 107, 109, 127b, 168

National Health Care Quality Strategy, 147148

National Health Care Survey, 127b

National Health Information Network, 204205

National Health Information Survey, 251

National Health Interview Survey, 24b, 36, 88, 100, 102, 104, 107, 109, 110, 127b, 167168, 256

National Home and Hospice Care Survey, 112, 127b

National Hospital Ambulatory Medical Care Survey, 127b, 308309

National Hospital Discharge Survey, 127b, 306307

National Immunization Survey, 24b, 127b

National Information Center on Health Services Research and Health Care Technology, 72

National Initiative for Children’s Healthcare Quality, 142, 247, 248

National Institute of Mental Health, 36

National Institute on Alcoholism and Alcohol Abuse, 107

National Institute on Drug Abuse, 107

National Institutes of Health, 111

National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health, 7374, 109110, 123

Suggested Citation:"Index." Institute of Medicine and National Research Council. 2011. Child and Adolescent Health and Health Care Quality: Measuring What Matters. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13084.
×

National Medicaid Quality Framework, 301302

National Prevention and Health Promotion Strategy, 148, 197

National Prevention Strategy, 1011

National Quality Forum, 142, 246247, 248, 296297

National Quality Strategy, 147148

National Research Council, 167168

National Survey of American Families, 125

National Survey of Child and Adolescent Well-being, 116117, 118

National Survey of Children’s Health, 38, 100101, 102103, 104, 119, 165, 199, 251252, 255

National Survey of Children with Special Health Care Needs, 24b, 101, 102, 109, 110, 199, 251252

National Survey of Early Child Health, 101, 102, 251252

National Survey of Family Growth, 104105, 106, 107

National Vital Statistics System, 96, 98, 125, 127b, 153

Neighborhood and community health accountability issues, 52

health care in community context, 2829, 4647, 78

measurement of social determinants of health, 199, 200

National Prevention and Health Promotion Strategy, 148

place-based measurement, 179

as source of health status disparities in the United States, 58

See also Social determinants of health

Neonatal intensive care, 55

Newborn screening, 13

Nursing Home Survey, 112

O

Obesity, 35, 39, 44, 45, 104, 105, 108

Office of the National Coordinator for Health Information Technology, 35b

Oral health, 104, 115, 194, 196

recommendations for measurement, 11, 197

Out-of-home care, children in, 113

P

Panel Survey of Income Dynamics, 121

Parents and caregivers

barriers to effective health care for children, 59

child health outcomes for, 29

as data source on children’s health, 103, 169

as determinants of child health care access and outcomes, 4, 37, 58, 178

educational attainment, 117

engagement in data collection effort, 12

health literacy, 4, 59, 60b

knowledge of child’s behavioral health, 59

perception of child’s health, 75

See also Language spoken at home and parental language proficiency

Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA), 17, 93, 145, 147149. See Affordable Care Act

Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System, 111

Patient Safety and Quality Improvement Act, 84

Payment for health care

data collection challenges, 77

value-based approaches, 198

Pediatric ACO Demonstration project, 147

Pediatric Data Quality System Collaborative Measure Working Group, 247

Pediatric Quality Measures Program, 156

Performance Measurement: Accelerating Improvement, 163, 179

Personal health records, 83, 90

Physician Quality Reporting Initiative, 261, 297299

Place-based measures, 13, 179, 205

Population-based data collection, 6970, 71

Population health efforts

current data sets for, 20, 31, 5051, 7273, 190, 251, 274287t

data needs, 52

linkage among data sets for, 5, 6, 13, 31, 52

linkage with public health intervention data, 129130, 181

opportunities for improved data collection, 201

Suggested Citation:"Index." Institute of Medicine and National Research Council. 2011. Child and Adolescent Health and Health Care Quality: Measuring What Matters. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13084.
×

quality of care measurement, 139140, 251252

using metrics to drive improvement in, 5153

Population patterns and trends

age, 30

health status, 3536, 39

insurance coverage, 37

race/ethnicity, 9, 30, 192

See also Demographic data

Post-Licensure Rapid Immunization Safety Monitoring, 315316

Poverty

implications for health, 136

measurement challenges, 78

patterns and trends, 89, 16, 30, 3133, 78, 136

See also Social determinants of health

Pregnancy

adolescent, 45, 46, 98

birth and death record linkage, 98

current data collection, 104

linking prenatal care data with pediatric records, 162163

measurement of disparities in prenatal care, 194

Vaccines and Medications in Pregnancy Surveillance System, 319320

Pregnancy Risk Assessment and Monitoring System, 104, 106, 126b

Pregnancy to Early Life Longitudinal Data System, 169

President’s Advisory Commission on Consumer Protection and Quality in the Healthcare Industry, 54

Preterm births, 3941

Preventable common health conditions

current data system, 103107

trends, 104

Preventive services

adolescent pregnancy, 45

current utilization, 40b

defining, for high-quality data system, 54

gaps in current measurement, 3

insurance as determinant of access to, 37

measurement challenges, 136, 140141

National Prevention and Health Promotion Strategy, 148

quality of care measurement, 165166, 177

rationale, 10

recommendations for data collection, 1011, 13, 194, 196198

sentinel measures of quality of care, 156

See also Immunizations; Screening

Privacy and confidentiality issues, 5, 12, 8485, 181, 182, 203, 204

Private sector

collaboration on core set of standardized measures, 64

development of quality measures in, 135b

incentives for health care quality measurement, 172, 182

initiatives to advance quality of care and quality measurement, 245248

insurance coverage, 38

role in quality improvement in health care, 147, 148, 198

Promoting Health Development Survey, 165166

Protective factors, 121123

Public health insurance programs

application forms data, 260

data needs, 52, 53

enrollment patterns and trends, 9, 16, 31, 38

goals for health data collection, 133

historical development, 143

outcomes data, 5152

quality of care measurement and reporting, 137, 143

See also Children’s Health Insurance Program Reauthorization Act; Medicaid; Medicare

Public health interventions, 4041b

Q

Quality Improvement System for Managed Care, 299300

Quality of care

access and utilization issues in, 50, 6162

Centers of Excellence demonstration projects, 150151

in conceptual framework of determinants of children’s health, 6162, 63f

defining essential services for evaluation of, 54

Suggested Citation:"Index." Institute of Medicine and National Research Council. 2011. Child and Adolescent Health and Health Care Quality: Measuring What Matters. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13084.
×

demonstration grants, 145

goal setting, 67, 8, 183

language barriers to, 5758

measurement of. See Quality of care measurement

mental health services, 156161

national strategy, 147148

opportunities to improve, 158160t, 173

private sector initiatives, 245248

in public health insurance programs, 137138

recommendations for annual report on, 9, 193

social determinants of, 11, 173, 198199, 201

stepwise approach to data system improvement, 6, 183184, 185f

See also Disparities in health and health care delivery

Quality of care measurement

across multiple domains, 164165

age group specificity, 144

aspirational measures, 155

in care transitions, 162164

challenges, 49, 136, 182

conceptual approach to, 49

continuous improvement, 196

core set of measures, 10, 14, 34b, 149150, 151, 152153b, 155156, 183, 196, 206

data needs, 1516, 52, 173174

data sources, 50, 251262

effectiveness measures, 137, 138b

feasibility criterion for evaluation of measures, 155

goals of, 10, 1213, 161, 184

government jurisdictional issues, 168

grounded measures, 155

impediments to development of, 140141

importance criterion for evaluation of measures, 155156

initial efforts to develop, 142144

integration of data with other health system data, 52

intermediate measures, 155

key findings, 135136

life-course perspective in, 4243, 141, 173

medical home concept and, 29

mental health and substance abuse measures, 156161

opportunities for improving, 4, 5, 12, 14, 16, 173174

optimal features, 141142

periodic review of, 910, 194195

in preventive services, 11, 165166, 172173, 177

priority areas, 67, 10, 188189

in private care settings, 198

private sector initiatives, 245248

in public health insurance programs, 137, 143

purpose of, 139140, 175

recent efforts to improve, 3435b, 145154, 173, 182183, 195196

safety measures, 144

salient issues, 138139

scope of, 4950, 144

sentinel measures, 156

shortcoming of current system, 1, 3, 8, 31, 5455, 135136, 142, 144, 172174, 183

stakeholder objectives in, 140

structure and process considerations in, 50, 141

study goals, 2, 17, 18, 20

validity of measures, 155, 183

R

Race/ethnicity

access to care in public health insurance programs, 138

case mix adjustment for data analysis of, 81, 82

current data collection system, 4, 57, 7778, 117118, 178, 192, 260

goals for health monitoring system, 94

health and health care disparities and, 31, 34, 58, 92b, 113115

health insurance coverage and, 38, 192

mortality patterns, 114

need for improved data collection, 7879, 154, 178, 192193

population trends, 9, 30, 192

preventive care utilization and, 40b

recommendations for measurement of disparities in health and health care, 89, 193

RAND Corporation, 248

Suggested Citation:"Index." Institute of Medicine and National Research Council. 2011. Child and Adolescent Health and Health Care Quality: Measuring What Matters. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13084.
×

Real Time Immunization Monitoring System, 317318

Recommendations, 21

for annual reporting of child and adolescent health and health care quality, 9, 193

for development of standardized measures to reduce health and health care quality disparities, 89, 193

implementation actions for, 186187b, 193194, 197198, 199200, 201, 203205, 207208

to improve capacity to link data sources, 11, 201, 203, 205207

to improve data collection and reporting, 11, 199, 200, 202205

for interagency collaborations, 11, 199

for new measures and data sources, 1011, 190, 196200

for periodic review of health and health care quality measures, 910, 194196

for setting goals for child and adolescent health, 68, 189190

stepwise approach to implementation, 6, 183184, 185f

Reference groups, 5, 13, 179180

Reporting of health and health care quality findings

accessibility issues, 124, 126127b

confidentiality issues, 8485

public health insurance program requirements, 137, 143

recommendations for, 9, 193

study goals, 18

timeliness, 124

Title V requirements, 124125

See also Annual reports

Respondent-based data, 69, 71

Robert Wood Johnson Foundation, 129, 130

S

Samples, population, 69

Screening, 165, 197

developmental, 41b

mental health, 157161

newborn, 13

Service-based data collection, 70, 74

Sexual and reproductive health, 45, 46, 47, 105. See also Pregnancy; Sexually transmitted infections

Sexually transmitted infections, 45, 105, 197

Smart targeting, 204205

Smoking, 3637, 47, 105106

Social determinants of health

in conceptual framework of children’s health, 2627, 27f, 61

in county health ranking model, 169170

current data collection system, 4, 51, 118120, 178

gaps in monitoring, 3, 4, 57, 178

life-course perspective, 4547

as priority area for data collection, 7, 95, 188189

recommendations for measurement, 11, 198199, 201

study goals, 1819

Social Security Act, 124125

Socioeconomic status

case mix adjustment for data analysis of, 8182

childhood health as factor in, 39

costs for families with special health care needs child, 29

current data collection system, 4, 78, 90, 113, 115116, 117, 178

goals for health monitoring system, 94

health insurance coverage and, 38

measurement challenges, 78

in measurement of social determinants of health, 199, 200

preventive care utilization and, 40b

quality of care measurement, 173

recommendations for measurement of disparities in health and health care quality, 89, 192, 193

reference group criteria, 179180

significance of, in health outcomes, 92

as source of health status disparities in the United States, 17, 31, 58, 78

See also Poverty

Special health care needs, children with

access to care in public health insurance programs, 138

costs for families of, 29

current data collection system, 55, 101

definition, 55

Suggested Citation:"Index." Institute of Medicine and National Research Council. 2011. Child and Adolescent Health and Health Care Quality: Measuring What Matters. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13084.
×

health care expenditure for, 100

medical home concept, 119

population patterns and trends, 36, 55, 100, 108

quality of care measurement, 136

race/ethnicity and, 9, 192

recommendations for measurement of disparities in health and health care quality, 89, 193, 194

See also Chronic disease conditions; Disability

Specialty medicine, 37, 137138

Standardization in measurement

case mix adjustment strategies, 7980

core set of health and health care quality measures, 14, 206

costs and benefits, 77

current data collection system, 3, 67, 7476, 91, 132, 176177, 192, 254

of disparities in health and health care quality, 89, 176, 191192

of essential health services, 54

federal leadership, 168, 206207

functional status measures, 136

future prospects, 151

improving state capacity for, 161162

innovation in measurement and, 152153

minimum basic data set for, 6465

model-based, 80

need for, in public health insurance program, 137

need for periodic review of measures, 194

recommendations for, 6, 9, 90, 193

for state quality reporting, 152153

in stepwise approach to data system improvement, 6, 183184

State and Local Area Integrated Telephone Survey, 86, 101, 102103, 104. See also Telephone surveys

State Children’s Health Insurance Program, 32b, 143, 254

States

capacity to integrate data from, 75

capacity to integrate data within, 261262

confidentiality of medical data, 85

data sets for studying disparities in health and health care, 117118

data warehousing capabilities, 261

efforts to improve quality measurement capacity, 150154, 161162, 168172, 173

recommendations for data collection, 14, 204

recommendations for improving capacity to use data sets, 6, 1214

reporting of health outcomes data, 124125

support for measurement efforts in, 195, 207

Stratified reporting, 80

Subcommittee of the National Advisory Committee, 64

See also National Advisory Council Subcommittee on Children’s Healthcare Quality Measures for Medicaid and Child Health Insurance Programs

Substance abuse, 11, 45, 46, 154, 156161, 197

Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, 35b, 107, 119

Sudden Infant Death Syndrome, 37

Supplemental Security Income, 101

Surgeon General, 36

Surveillance systems, 5051. See also Monitoring health status of children and adolescents

Survey of Income and Program Participation, 115116, 168

Systemized Nomenclature of Medicine, 8384

T

Telephone surveys, 102103. See also State and Local Area Integrated Telephone Survey

Timeliness of data, 1112, 124, 176, 203

Title V program, 101, 124125

To Err Is Human: Building a Safer Health System, 245

Transparency in data collection, 5, 11, 12, 124, 161, 180, 202204

Suggested Citation:"Index." Institute of Medicine and National Research Council. 2011. Child and Adolescent Health and Health Care Quality: Measuring What Matters. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13084.
×

U

Underserved populations, 5, 10, 4849, 151

Unequal Treatment: Confronting Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Health Care, 57

UNICEF, 15, 16

Unintentional injury, 36, 96, 98, 127

Unique identifiers, 11, 187b, 202, 204, 252

V

Vaccines. See Immunizations

Vaccines and Medications in Pregnancy Surveillance System, 319320

Vulnerable populations

current data sources, 4, 179

goals for health monitoring system, 10, 94, 199

quality of care assessments, 173

W

Well-child services, 37, 38, 40b, 150, 152b, 161, 165, 166, 167b

Wellpoint/HealthCore, 97

When Children Die, 112

WISQARS™, 127b

World Health Organization, 25, 28, 111

Y

Young Adult Health Care Survey, 165

Youth Online, 127

Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System, 105, 106, 107, 119, 127

Suggested Citation:"Index." Institute of Medicine and National Research Council. 2011. Child and Adolescent Health and Health Care Quality: Measuring What Matters. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13084.
×

This page intentionally left blank.

Suggested Citation:"Index." Institute of Medicine and National Research Council. 2011. Child and Adolescent Health and Health Care Quality: Measuring What Matters. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13084.
×
Page 327
Suggested Citation:"Index." Institute of Medicine and National Research Council. 2011. Child and Adolescent Health and Health Care Quality: Measuring What Matters. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13084.
×
Page 328
Suggested Citation:"Index." Institute of Medicine and National Research Council. 2011. Child and Adolescent Health and Health Care Quality: Measuring What Matters. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13084.
×
Page 329
Suggested Citation:"Index." Institute of Medicine and National Research Council. 2011. Child and Adolescent Health and Health Care Quality: Measuring What Matters. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13084.
×
Page 330
Suggested Citation:"Index." Institute of Medicine and National Research Council. 2011. Child and Adolescent Health and Health Care Quality: Measuring What Matters. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13084.
×
Page 331
Suggested Citation:"Index." Institute of Medicine and National Research Council. 2011. Child and Adolescent Health and Health Care Quality: Measuring What Matters. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13084.
×
Page 332
Suggested Citation:"Index." Institute of Medicine and National Research Council. 2011. Child and Adolescent Health and Health Care Quality: Measuring What Matters. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13084.
×
Page 333
Suggested Citation:"Index." Institute of Medicine and National Research Council. 2011. Child and Adolescent Health and Health Care Quality: Measuring What Matters. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13084.
×
Page 334
Suggested Citation:"Index." Institute of Medicine and National Research Council. 2011. Child and Adolescent Health and Health Care Quality: Measuring What Matters. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13084.
×
Page 335
Suggested Citation:"Index." Institute of Medicine and National Research Council. 2011. Child and Adolescent Health and Health Care Quality: Measuring What Matters. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13084.
×
Page 336
Suggested Citation:"Index." Institute of Medicine and National Research Council. 2011. Child and Adolescent Health and Health Care Quality: Measuring What Matters. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13084.
×
Page 337
Suggested Citation:"Index." Institute of Medicine and National Research Council. 2011. Child and Adolescent Health and Health Care Quality: Measuring What Matters. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13084.
×
Page 338
Suggested Citation:"Index." Institute of Medicine and National Research Council. 2011. Child and Adolescent Health and Health Care Quality: Measuring What Matters. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13084.
×
Page 339
Suggested Citation:"Index." Institute of Medicine and National Research Council. 2011. Child and Adolescent Health and Health Care Quality: Measuring What Matters. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13084.
×
Page 340
Suggested Citation:"Index." Institute of Medicine and National Research Council. 2011. Child and Adolescent Health and Health Care Quality: Measuring What Matters. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13084.
×
Page 341
Suggested Citation:"Index." Institute of Medicine and National Research Council. 2011. Child and Adolescent Health and Health Care Quality: Measuring What Matters. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13084.
×
Page 342
Child and Adolescent Health and Health Care Quality: Measuring What Matters Get This Book
×
Buy Paperback | $50.00 Buy Ebook | $39.99
MyNAP members save 10% online.
Login or Register to save!
Download Free PDF

Increasing public investments in health care services for low-income and special needs children and adolescents in the United States have raised questions about whether these efforts improve their health outcomes. Yet it is difficult to assess the general health status and health care quality for younger populations, especially those at risk of poor health outcomes, because the United States has no national information system that can provide timely, comprehensive, and reliable indicators in these areas for children and adolescents. Without such a system in place, it is difficult to know whether and how selected health care initiatives and programs contribute to children's health status.

Child and Adolescent Health and Health Care Quality identifies key advances in the development of pediatric health and health care quality measures, examines the capacity of existing federal data sets to support these measures, and considers related research activities focused on the development of new measures to address current gaps. This book posits the need for a comprehensive strategy to make better use of existing data, to integrate different data sources, and to develop new data sources and collection methods for unique populations. Child and Adolescent Health and Health Care Quality looks closely at three areas: the nature, scope, and quality of existing data sources; gaps in measurement areas; and methodological areas that deserve attention.

Child and Adolescent Health and Health Care Quality makes recommendations for improving and strengthening the timeliness, quality, public transparency, and accessibility of information on child health and health care quality. This book will be a vital resource for health officials at the local, state, and national levels, as well as private and public health care organizations and researchers.

  1. ×

    Welcome to OpenBook!

    You're looking at OpenBook, NAP.edu's online reading room since 1999. Based on feedback from you, our users, we've made some improvements that make it easier than ever to read thousands of publications on our website.

    Do you want to take a quick tour of the OpenBook's features?

    No Thanks Take a Tour »
  2. ×

    Show this book's table of contents, where you can jump to any chapter by name.

    « Back Next »
  3. ×

    ...or use these buttons to go back to the previous chapter or skip to the next one.

    « Back Next »
  4. ×

    Jump up to the previous page or down to the next one. Also, you can type in a page number and press Enter to go directly to that page in the book.

    « Back Next »
  5. ×

    Switch between the Original Pages, where you can read the report as it appeared in print, and Text Pages for the web version, where you can highlight and search the text.

    « Back Next »
  6. ×

    To search the entire text of this book, type in your search term here and press Enter.

    « Back Next »
  7. ×

    Share a link to this book page on your preferred social network or via email.

    « Back Next »
  8. ×

    View our suggested citation for this chapter.

    « Back Next »
  9. ×

    Ready to take your reading offline? Click here to buy this book in print or download it as a free PDF, if available.

    « Back Next »
Stay Connected!