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Appendix D
Acronyms and Abbreviations
AAAS American Association for the Advancement of Science
ACEX Arctic Coring Expedition
CCD carbonate compensation depth
CIA Chemical Index of Alteration
CO2 carbon dioxide
DOE Department of Energy
DOSECC Drilling, Observation, and Sampling of the Earth’s
Continental Crust
DSDP Deep Sea Drilling Project
EMIC Earth system models of intermediate complexity
ENSO El Niño-Southern Oscillation
E&O education and outreach
ESM Earth system model
GCM global climate model; also general circulation model
GIS geographic information system
ICDP International Continental Scientific Drilling Program
ICP-MS inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry
ID-TIMS isotope dilution-thermal ionization mass spectrometry
IODP Integrated Ocean Drilling Program
IPCC Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change
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194 APPENDIX D
ITCZ Intertropical Convergence Zone
ka thousands of years ago
ky thousand years
LGM Last Glacial Maximum
LPIA Late Paleozoic Ice Age
Ma million of years ago
MAT mean annual temperature
my million years
μmol micromole
NAO North Atlantic Oscillation
NASA National Aeronautics and Space Administration
NCEAS National Center for Ecological Analysis and Synthesis
NOAA National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
NRC National Research Council
NSF National Science Foundation
OAE oceanic anoxic event
ODP Ocean Drilling Program
pCO2 partial pressure of carbon dioxide
PDO Pacific Decadal Oscillation
PETM Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum
PI principal investigator
PMIP Paleoclimate Modeling Intercomparison Project
ppmv parts per million by volume
SIMS secondary ion mass spectrometry
SST sea surface temperature
TEX86 tetraether index of 86 carbon atoms; paleothermometer
based on the composition of membrane lipids of marine
picoplankton
TOC total organic carbon
USGS U.S. Geological Survey
