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Appendix E
Committee Biosketches
Robert R. Bass, M.D. (Chair), is executive director of the Maryland Insti-
tute for Emergency Medical Services Systems (MIEMSS). Dr. Bass received
his undergraduate and medical degrees with honors from the University
of North Carolina at Chapel Hill in 1972 and 1975, respectively. Prior
to completing his undergraduate education, he was employed as a police
officer in Chapel Hill, North Carolina, and served as a volunteer member
of the South Orange Rescue Squad. Dr. Bass completed an internship and
residency in the U.S. Navy. He is board certified in emergency medicine and
is a life fellow of the American College of Emergency Physicians. He has
served as a medical director for emergency medical services (EMS) systems
in Charleston, South Carolina; Houston, Texas; Norfolk, Virginia; and
Washington, DC. He has been executive director of MIEMSS, the state
agency responsible for oversight of Maryland’s EMS and trauma system,
since 1994. He is a clinical associate professor of emergency medicine at
the University of Maryland in Baltimore. Dr. Bass is past president of the
National Association of State EMS Officials and the National Association
of EMS Physicians, and past chair of the EMS Committee of the Ameri-
can College of Emergency Physicians. He was a member of the Institute
of Medicine (IOM) Committee on the Future of Emergency Care in the
United States Health System. He currently serves as chair of the Atlantic
EMS Council and is a member of the board of directors of the American
Trauma Society.
Tia Powell, M.D. (Vice Chair), is director of the Montefiore-Einstein Center
for Bioethics and professor of clinical epidemiology and clinical psychiatry
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320 PREPOSITIONING ANTIBIOTICS FOR ANTHRAX
at Albert Einstein College of Medicine and the Montefiore Medical Center.
She served from 2004 to 2008 as executive director of the New York State
Task Force on Life and the Law and from 1992 to 1998 as director of clini-
cal ethics at Columbia-Presbyterian Hospital in New York City. Dr. Powell
is a graduate of Harvard-Radcliffe College and Yale Medical School. She
performed her psychiatric internship, her residency, and a fellowship in
consultation-liaison psychiatry at Columbia University, College of Physi-
cians and Surgeons, and the New York State Psychiatric Institute. She is
a fellow of the American Psychiatric Association and of the New York
Academy of Medicine and a member of the American Society of Bioethics
and Humanities. In 2007 she co-chaired the New York State Department of
Health’s work group to develop guidelines for allocating ventilators during
an influenza pandemic.
Margaret L. Brandeau, Ph.D., is Coleman F. Fung professor of engineer-
ing and professor of medicine (by courtesy) at Stanford University. She
holds a B.S. in mathematics and an M.S. in operations research from the
Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), and a Ph.D. in engineer-
ing-economic systems from Stanford. She is an operations researcher and
policy analyst with extensive background in the development of applied
mathematical and economic models, and a distinguished investigator in
HIV. Among other awards, Professor Brandeau has received the President’s
Award from the Institute for Operations Research and Management Science
(INFORMS) for contributions to the welfare of society, the Pierskalla Prize
from INFORMS for research excellence in health care management science,
a Presidential Young Investigator Award from the National Science Foun-
dation, the Department of Management Science and Engineering Graduate
Teaching Award, and the Eugene L. Grant Faculty Teaching Award. She is a
Fellow of INFORMS. Professor Brandeau has published numerous articles
in areas of applied operations research and policy analysis; co-edited the
books Modeling the AIDS Epidemic: Planning, Policy, and Prediction and
Operations Research in Health: A Handbook of Methods and Applica-
tions; and has served as principal investigator on a broad range of funded
research projects. She has served on the board of several journals, including
Operations Research, Management Science, and Health Care Management
Science. Her HIV research focuses on using mathematical and economic
models to assess the value of different HIV and drug abuse interventions,
both in the United States and abroad. Recently, she has studied policies
for control of hepatitis B both in the United States and abroad, as well as
preparedness planning for potential bioterror attacks.
Brad Brekke, J.D., M.A.T.S., has been vice president of Assets Protection
for Target Corporation since 2001, leading a diverse team of executives in
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APPENDIX E
a comprehensive effort to mitigate risk, minimize loss and business disrup-
tion, and provide a safe and secure environment for Target and the com-
munities it serves. Under Mr. Brekke’s leadership, Target Assets Protection
has developed strategic partnerships with law enforcement, emergency
management, and public health organizations to continue to enhance the
company’s strong commitment to public safety and preparedness. Specifi-
cally, through the premiere, innovative public-private partnership Target &
BLUE, Target shares expertise and resources with local, state, and federal
law enforcement, building critical relationships that help make Target and
its surrounding communities safer places to live and work. This includes
partnering with organizations such as the International Association of
Chiefs of Police, the U.S. Department of Justice Community Oriented Polic-
ing Services, and the Police Executive Research Forum to develop innova-
tive solutions to public safety challenges. Mr. Brekke serves on a number of
boards and foundations, including the International Association of Chiefs
of Police Foundation, the Overseas Security Advisory Council for the State
Department, the International Security Management Association, the Na-
tional Cyber-Forensics and Training Alliance, the Security Executive Coun-
cil, and the Conference Board Council of Corporate Security Executives. A
licensed attorney, Mr. Brekke formerly practiced in a Minneapolis law firm.
Previously, he served as a special agent with the FBI, investigating complex
cases involving financial fraud and public corruption. He received his B.A.
from the University of Minnesota, his M.A.T.S. from Bethel Seminary, and
his J.D. from the University of Minnesota Law School.
Robert L. Burhans recently retired as director of health emergency pre-
paredness for the New York State Department of Health (DOH). With 32
years of public health experience, Mr. Burhans was director of the state’s
Office of Health Emergency Preparedness, which coordinated DOH’s com-
prehensive all-hazards preparedness and response activities, including in-
tegrating local health departments and the health care system in readiness
activities. He was DOH’s primary preparedness liaison with other federal,
state, and local agencies and key community partners. He also served on the
state Office of Homeland Security’s Executive Committee and was DOH’s
representative to the state’s Disaster Preparedness Commission. In addi-
tion, he served as chair of the Association of State and Territorial Health
Officials’ Directors of Public Health Preparedness Executive Committee.
Mr. Burhans earned a B.A. in biological science from the State University
of New York, New Paltz, and completed graduate-level coursework at the
Nelson A. Rockefeller School of Public Administration and the State Uni-
versity of New York at Albany School of Public Health. He is a graduate
of the School of Public Health’s Northeast Public Health Leadership Insti-
tute and has completed the National Preparedness Leadership Initiative at
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322 PREPOSITIONING ANTIBIOTICS FOR ANTHRAX
Harvard University’s John F. Kennedy School of Government and School of
Public Health. He currently is a consultant in health emergency prepared-
ness, management, and response.
Louis Anthony (Tony) Cox, Jr., Ph.D., is president of Cox Associates, a
Denver-based applied research company specializing in health risk analysis,
statistics, and operations research. From 1987 to 1996, Dr. Cox led busi-
ness and engineering modeling for US WEST Advanced Technologies in
Boulder, Colorado. Dr. Cox holds a Ph.D. in risk analysis (1986) and an
S.M. in operations research (1985), both from MIT’s Department of Elec-
trical Engineering and Computer Science. He holds an A.B. from Harvard
University (economics) and is a graduate of the Stanford Executive Program
(1993). Dr. Cox is honorary full professor of mathematics at the University
of Colorado at Denver, where he has lectured on biomathematics and health
risk modeling, computational statistics, and machine learning. He is also
clinical professor of preventive medicine and biometrics at the University
of Colorado Health Sciences Center. He is a member of INFORMS and
the American Statistical Association and a fellow of the Society for Risk
Analysis. His current research interests center on computational statistical
methods for causal inference and modeling problems arising in risk analysis
and data mining of customer and epidemiological databases.
Robert S. Hoffman, M.D., is associate professor of emergency medicine
and medicine (clinical pharmacology) for the New York University School
of Medicine and director, New York City Poison Control Center, as well as
attending physician in the Department of Emergency Medicine at Bellevue
Hospital Center. Dr. Hoffman received a B.A. in chemistry from Brandeis
University in 1980 and immediately entered New York University School
of Medicine, where he received his medical degree. He completed a 3-year
internship and residency in internal medicine, also at the New York Uni-
versity School of Medicine, followed by a fellowship in medical toxicology
at the New York City Poison Control Center/Bellevue Hospital Center.
He subsequently achieved board certification in internal medicine, medi-
cal toxicology, and emergency medicine. In 1989 Dr. Hoffman became
director of the Fellowship in Medical Toxicology at the New York City
Poison Control Center, and in 1994 he became director of the center. He
has authored more than 200 peer-reviewed publications in various aspects
of toxicology that include basic science, animal, and clinical investigations.
He has also authored numerous textbook chapters for major references in
medicine and emergency medicine. He lectures around the world on vari-
ous aspects of toxicology and has helped establish poison control centers
in both Europe and Asia. Dr. Hoffman has held office in all three American
toxicology societies, including being a member of the board of trustees of
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APPENDIX E
the American Academy of Clinical Toxicology and current president elect;
a member of the board of directors of the American Association of Poison
Control Centers; and secretary/treasurer, vice president, and president of
the American College of Medical Toxicology.
Daniel Lucey, M.D., M.P.H., is adjunct professor of microbiology and
immunology at the Georgetown University Medical Center, where he has
taught graduate students in the Biohazardous Threat Agents and Emerging
Infectious Diseases program since its founding in 2004. During this time,
he has also worked on biopreparedness for the Department of Emergency
Medicine EROne Institute of the Washington Hospital Center in Washing-
ton, DC (www.BePast.org). He has written on inhalation anthrax issues
in particular, devising a new clinical staging system and advocating stock-
piling of assets in anticipation of the need for mandatory pleural drainage.
Dr. Lucey earned his B.A. at Dartmouth College; an M.D. at Dartmouth
Medical School, where he was in the Alpha Omega Alpha Honor Medical
Society; and his master of public health (M.P.H.) at the Harvard School
of Public Health. In 2004 he coordinated the start of the Cities Readiness
Initiative (CRI) in Washington, DC, while serving as interim chief health of-
ficer at the DC Department of Health. His awards include the Walter Reed
Medal for his role in Washington’s preparedness and response to anthrax
bioterrorism (2001); the Commander’s Award for Public Service (2002)
from the Department of the Army for hospital care of persons injured at the
Pentagon on September 11, 2001; and a Distinguished Service Award from
the District of Columbia Hospital Association for Bioterrorism Prepared-
ness (2003). From 1998 to 2002, Dr. Lucey served as director, Infectious
Disease Service, at the Washington Hospital Center. Earlier he served in the
U.S. Public Health Service at the Food and Drug Administration (FDA),
where he was a medical reviewer for biodefense vaccines, and at the Na-
tional Institutes of Health (NIH), where he served as attending physician
on the Infectious Disease consult service for 3 years.
Kevin Massey, M.Div., is director of Lutheran Disaster Response, a col-
laborative program of the Evangelical Lutheran Church in America and
the Lutheran Church Missouri Synod. He received a bachelor of arts de-
gree with distinction in linguistics from the University of Wisconsin and
completed his master of divinity degree at Luther Seminary in St. Paul,
Minnesota. Rev. Massey is an ordained pastor of the Evangelical Lutheran
Church in America and a board-certified chaplain with the Association of
Professional Chaplains. He was a chaplain and spiritual care trainer and
coordinator with Advocate Health Care in Chicago from 1999 to 2005. He
has also worked extensively in the field of disaster spiritual care administra-
tion and training with the American Red Cross and Church World Service,
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324 PREPOSITIONING ANTIBIOTICS FOR ANTHRAX
including service at Ground Zero in the fall of 2001 and in response to
Hurricane Katrina in 2005. Rev. Massey was assistant director of domestic
disaster response for the Evangelical Lutheran Church in America from
2005 to 2007 and has been director of Lutheran Disaster Response since
2007. In 2009 he served as a member of the Community Core Commit-
tee, supporting the development of the National Health Security Strategy.
Rev. Massey currently serves as vice president of the board of directors
for National Voluntary Organizations Active in Disaster and has written
extensively on such diverse topics as spiritual care, clinical ethics, pan-
demic influenza preparedness, disaster response, linguistics, archaeology,
and interreligious dialogue.
Erin Mullen, R.Ph., Ph.D., CEM, is assistant vice president, Rx Response, for
the Pharmaceutical Researchers and Manufacturers of America (PhRMA).
She is responsible for overseeing and managing the Rx Response program,
an information-sharing forum comprising pharmaceutical manufacturers,
distributors, pharmacies, hospitals, disaster relief agencies, and state/federal
government agencies that helps support the continuing provision of medi-
cines to patients whose health is threatened by a severe public health emer-
gency. Rx Response engages during a severe natural disaster, large-scale
terrorist attack, or pandemic that disrupts the normal supply of medicines.
Dr. Mullen is co-chair of the Healthcare Sector Coordinating Council, the
private-sector body representing health care in matters related to critical
infrastructure protection and emergency response. Prior to leading Rx
Response, she was the first public health preparedness pharmacist for the
Florida Department of Health and practiced pharmacy in a variety of set-
tings: as a community pharmacist, clinical adjunct faculty with the Colleges
of Pharmacy at the University of Florida and Florida A&M University, and
disaster responder. Dr. Mullen graduated from the Massachusetts College of
Pharmacy with a B.S. in pharmacy. She earned her Ph.D. in microbiology
and immunology from the University of Miami.
Joanne M. Nigg, Ph.D., is professor of sociology and former director of the
Disaster Research Center at the University of Delaware. She is currently co-
ordinator of the emergency and environmental management concentration
for sociology majors, a core faculty member of the graduate program in
disaster science and management, and a core faculty member of the Disaster
Research Center. Dr. Nigg earned her Ph.D. in sociology from the University
of California, Los Angeles, in 1979. Her areas of expertise include societal
response to natural, technological, and environmental hazards and disas-
ters. She headed a multidisciplinary team that conducted a congressionally
required public risk assessment for the proposed high-level nuclear waste
repository at Yucca Mountain in Nevada. She was also a member of the
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APPENDIX E
Research Committee (which set the cross-disciplinary research agendas) for
the National Science Foundation (NSF)–funded Multidisciplinary Center
for Earthquake Engineering Research. Dr. Nigg has been involved in several
federal reviews of the National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program
and has twice given testimony before Congress on the reauthorization of
that program. She has served on a variety of federal commissions and task
forces on disaster policies and has been a member of the National Re-
search Council’s (NRC’s) Board on Natural Disasters, as well as the NRC’s
Committee on Earthquake Engineering. Dr. Nigg was the first woman
and social scientist to serve as president of the Earthquake Engineering
Research Institute. She also served on the Division Review Committee for
the Environment and Energy Division of Los Alamos National Laboratory,
where she held a Q clearance. Dr. Nigg is the author, co-author, or editor
of 7 books and more than 100 articles, book chapters, reports, and papers
on individual, organizational, and governmental response to, preparation
for, mitigation of, and recovery from natural and technological threats and
disasters. She is currently coordinating a team of researchers looking at
policy and health issues associated with the BP oil blowout in the Gulf of
Mexico.
Herminia Palacio, M.D., M.P.H., is executive director of Harris County
[Texas] Public Health and Environmental Services (HCPHES), the local
health department for approximately 1.8 million people. Dr. Palacio re-
ceived her medical degree from the Mount Sinai School of Medicine in New
York City, where she was also inducted into the Alpha Omega Alpha Honor
Medical Society. She completed her residency training at the University of
California, San Francisco (UCSF) Primary Care Internal Medicine Pro-
gram at San Francisco General Hospital. After becoming a board-certified
internist, she obtained an M.P.H., with an emphasis in epidemiology, from
the University of California, Berkeley School of Public Health. Dr. Palacio
spent several years on the faculty of UCSF, where she served as principal
investigator or co-investigator for several federally funded and private
foundation HIV epidemiology and health services research studies. She is
the author of numerous articles in peer-reviewed scientific journals and was
featured in a permanent exhibit entitled AIDS: The War Within established
by the Chicago Museum of Science and Industry in 1994. She currently
holds faculty appointments at the Baylor College of Medicine and the Uni-
versity of Texas School of Public Health. In 2009 she was appointed to the
National Advisory Committee of The Robert Wood Johnson Foundation
Clinical Scholars Program. Dr. Palacio provides oversight for a wide variety
of public health emergency responses. For example, she served as medical
branch director for the Astrodome/Reliant Park mega-shelter operation
for more than 27,000 evacuees during Hurricane Katrina and as incident
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326 PREPOSITIONING ANTIBIOTICS FOR ANTHRAX
commander for the public health response to many infectious disease and
environmental incidents, and she is currently tasked with playing a lead role
in local pandemic influenza preparedness planning. She was also a member
of the steering committee for the Medical Countermeasure Public Engage-
ment Initiative, sponsored by the U.S. Department of Health and Human
Services’ Office of the Assistant Secretary for Preparedness and Response.
Andrew Pavia, M.D., is George and Esther Gross presidential professor at
the University of Utah School of Medicine. Dr. Pavia is chief of pediatric
infectious diseases and professor of pediatrics and medicine at the Univer-
sity of Utah. His research focuses on the epidemiology and management of
respiratory infections, including seasonal and pandemic influenza, pneumo-
coccal disease, antibiotic-resistant organisms, and respiratory viral infec-
tions. He has served on the National Vaccine Advisory Committee and the
National Biodefense Science Board and is also a member of the board of di-
rectors of the Infectious Diseases Society of America. Dr. Pavia received his
M.D. at Brown University, then completed a residency in internal medicine
and served as chief resident at Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center. He
was an officer in the Epidemic Intelligence Service at the Centers for Disease
Control and Prevention (CDC) in Atlanta, and completed a residency in
preventive medicine, also at CDC. He completed his training in infectious
diseases at the University of Utah.
Stephen M. Pollock, Ph.D., is Herrick emeritus professor of manufacturing
and professor emeritus of industrial and operations engineering at the Uni-
versity of Michigan. He has been involved in applying operations research
and decision analysis methods to understand and influence a variety of
operational phenomena, including military search and detection, criminal
recidivism, manufacturing process monitoring, sequential allocation of re-
sources, predictive and proactive maintenance, networks of queues, the
stochastic behavior of infectious disease epidemics, and the optimization of
radiation oncology plans. He has authored more than 60 technical papers;
co-edited two books; and served as a consultant to more than 30 industrial,
governmental, and service organizations. Professor Pollock was associate
editor and area editor of Operations Research, senior editor of IIE Trans-
actions, and associate editor of Management Science, and he served on
the editorial boards of other journals. He has served on various advisory
boards for NSF and on the Army Science Board. He was president of the
Operations Research Society of America in 1986 and was awarded the
2001 INFORMS Kimball Medal for contributions to operations research
and the management sciences. Professor Pollock is a fellow of INFORMS
and the American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) and
is a member of the National Academy of Engineering. He was a member
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APPENDIX E
of the NRC’s Committee on Applied and Theoretical Statistics. Among
other NRC activities, he chaired the Committee on National Statistics’
panel on Operational Test Design and Evaluation of the Interim Armored
Vehicle, and he served on the panel on Statistical Methods for Testing and
Evaluating Defense Systems, the Committee on Technologies to Deter Cur-
rency Counterfeiting, and the Panel on Methodological Improvements to
the DHS Biological Agent Risk Analysis. He recently served on the NRC/
IOM committee on the Effectiveness of National Biosurveillance Systems:
BioWatch and the Public Health System and is currently a member of the
NRC/Board on Mathematical Sciences and Their Applications (BMSA)
committee on Mathematical Foundations of Verification, Validation, and
Uncertainty Quantification.
Reed V. Tuckson, M.D., FACP, is executive vice president and chief of
medical affairs at UnitedHealth Group, a Fortune 25 diversified health
and well-being company. He is responsible for working with all of the
company’s business units to improve the quality and efficiency of health
services. Formerly, Dr. Tuckson served as senior vice president, professional
standards, for the American Medical Association (AMA). He is former
president of the Charles R. Drew University of Medicine and Science in Los
Angeles, has served as senior vice president for programs of the March of
Dimes Birth Defects Foundation, and is a former commissioner of public
health for the District of Columbia. Dr. Tuckson is an active member of the
IOM and served as chairperson of its Quality Chasm Summit Committee
and as a member of its Committee on the Consequences of the Uninsured.
He is immediate past chair of the Secretary of Health and Human Services’
Advisory Committee on Genetics, Health and Society. Additionally, he
recently served as commissioner, Certification Commission on Health In-
formation Technology, and is currently a member of the Performance Mea-
surement Workgroup, Ambulatory Care Quality Alliance, and the Quality
Workgroup, American Health Information Community. Dr. Tuckson has
also held other federal appointments, including serving on cabinet-level
advisory committees on health reform, infant mortality, children’s health,
violence, and radiation testing. He was featured on the cover of the Febru-
ary 2009 issue of Black Enterprise magazine and named one of the 100
Most Powerful Executives in Corporate America. He was also selected as
one of the 2009 Modern Healthcare/Modern Physician 50 Most Powerful
Physician Executives in Healthcare. Last year, Dr. Tuckson was named
one of Modern Healthcare’s Top 25 Minority Executives in Healthcare for
2008 and was on Ebony magazine’s 2008 Power 150: The Most Influential
Blacks in America list. He is a graduate of Howard University, Georgetown
University School of Medicine, and the Hospital of the University of Penn-
sylvania’s General Internal Medicine Residency and Fellowship programs.
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Jeffrey S. Upperman, M.D., is director of trauma at Childrens Hospital
Los Angeles and associate professor of surgery at the Keck School of
Medicine of the University of Southern California’s Division of Pediatric
Surgery. Dr. Upperman graduated from Stanford University in 1987 with a
bachelor’s degree in human biology and a master’s degree in sociology. He
earned his medical degree from New Jersey Medical School in 1991 and
completed his surgical residency at the same institution. He completed his
fellowship training in pediatric surgery at Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh
and served on the faculty at the University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine
at Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh until 2006, where he was interim direc-
tor of the Benedum Pediatric Trauma Program in 2005. He was recruited to
Childrens Hospital Los Angeles in January 2006 and assumed directorship
of trauma in 2007. Dr. Upperman’s disaster and trauma research focuses
on the organizational-level preparedness of health care workers, intestinal
inflammation, sepsis, and pediatric trauma. His work has been funded by
the Department of Health and Human Services, the National Institutes of
Health, and The Robert Wood Johnson Foundation. He publishes clinical
work in the area of pediatric disaster preparedness, pediatric trauma, and
computerized physician order entry. He is currently director of the Pedi-
atric Disaster Resource and Training Center. Dr. Upperman has extensive
experience in community involvement, serving on committees in national
academic societies. He is a permanent member of the Pediatric Study Sec-
tion at the National Institute of Child Health and Development. He serves
his country as a U.S. Army reservist and saw combat duty during Operation
Iraqi Freedom 2 in a region outside of Baghdad, Iraq.
