In addition to reviewing relevant literature and using its expert judgment to write this report, the committee was responsible for providing opportunities for input from a full range of relevant stakeholders. This was facilitated through five open session meetings held in various cities around the United States (Washington, DC; Seattle, Washington; Irvine, California; and Boulder, Colorado), a series of interviews, and a climate modeling questionnaire. The open session meetings included one community workshop held in April 2011 in Boulder, Colorado, and involved a wide range of stakeholders from labs, agencies, academic institutions, international organizations, and the broad user community. All workshop participants were also asked to answer a threequestion questionnaire to share their thoughts about the current climate modeling landscape and ideas for a future strategy. The following individuals participated in at least one of the committee’s open session meetings and provided valuable input:
D. James Baker, William J. Clinton Foundation
Anjuli Bamzai, NSF
Pete Beckman, ANL
David Behar, San Francisco Public Utilities Commission
Cecilia Bitz, University of Washington
Andy Brown, UK Met Office
Frank Bryan, NCAR
Bill Collins, University of California, Berkeley
David Considine, NASA
Ted Cope, NGA
David Dewitt, Columbia University
Scott Doney, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
Steve Easterbrook, University of Toronto
Dave Easterling, NOAA
Paul Edwards, University of Michigan
Jack Fellows, NCAR
Baruch Fischhoff, Carnegie Mellon University
Joe Friday, University of Oklahoma (Professor Emeritus)
Gregg Garfin, University of Arizona
Gary Geernaert, DOE
Peter Gent, NCAR
Jin Huang, NOAA
Kathy Jacobs, OSTP
Laurna Kaatz, Denver Water
Jill Karsten, NSF
Jeremy Kepner, Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Jeff Kiehl, NCAR
Tim Killeen, NSF
Ben Kirtman, University of Miami
Chet Koblinsky, NOAA
Arun Kumar, NOAA
Bryan Lawrence, British Atmospheric Data Centre
Stu Levenbach, OMB
S.J. Lin, NOAA
Rich Loft, NCAR
Steve Lord, NOAA
Johannes Loschnigg, OSTP
Jim McWilliams, University of California, Los Angeles
Jerry Meehl, NCAR
Phil Mote, Oregon State University
Tim Palmer, European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts
Bill Putman, NASA
Erik Pytlak, Bonneville Power Administration
V. Ramaswamy, GFDL
David Randall, Colorado State University
Michele Rienecker, NASA
Todd Ringler, LANL
Rick Rosen, NOAA
Jagadish Shukla, George Mason University
Graeme Stephens, Colorado State University
Karl Taylor, Lawrence Livermore National Lab
Claudia Tebaldi, Climate Central
Rear Admiral David Titley, Navy
Kevin Trenberth, NCAR
Louis Uccellini, National Centers for Environmental Prediction
Andrew Weaver, University of Victoria
Mike Wehner, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
As described in Chapter 2, there have been a number of previous reports from the National Research Council and other organizations that have recommended activities
to improve climate modeling in the United States. To inform the committee on ideas of what impacted the effectiveness of these previous reports, interviews were conducted with 11 individuals (listed below) who either held positions where they could use report recommendations to bolster policy decisions, or were in positions directly impacted by actions taken as a result of the report findings. These interviews were conducted by three researchers who have experience with climate-related research and have conducted interviews previously, but who had no affiliation with the current or previous reports. The interviewees were asked about their experiences and opinions on previous NRC reports, about their thoughts on important aspects of a national strategy for advancing climate modeling, and about their opinions on previous community efforts related to software infrastructure. No individual comments are attributed to the interviewees, but rather the information from these interviews was used to draw out general lessons, which are described in Chapter 2.
Interviewees
David Bader, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
D. James Baker, William J. Clinton Foundation
Rosina Bierbaum, University of Michigan
Guy Brasseur, Climate Service Center (Germany)
Paul Edwards, University of Michigan
David Evans, Noblis
Robert Ferraro, NASA
James Fischer, NASA
Timothy Killeen, National Science Foundation
David Randall, Colorado State University
Mariana Vertenstein, NCAR
Interviewers
Dr. Steve Easterbrook, University of Toronto
Dr. Christine Kirchhoff, University of Michigan
Dr. Jessica O’Reilly, St. John’s University