AAAS | American Association for the Advancement of Science |
ABL | Airborne Laser Laboratory |
AC | alternating current |
ACF | anisotropic conducive film |
AFOSR | Air Force Office of Scientific Research |
AIDS | acquired immune deficiency syndrome |
AIP | American Institute of Physics |
ALTB | Airborne Laser Test Bed |
ALTSim | alternative liquid fuels simulation model |
AMD | age-related macular degeneration |
AMO | atomic, molecular, optics |
AO | adaptive optics |
APD | avalanche photodiode |
APPLE | Adaptive Photonic Phase Locked Elements (program) |
APRS | advanced plasma reactive sputtering |
APS | American Physical Society |
ARGUS-IS | Autonomous Real-Time Ground Ubiquitous Surveillance-Imaging System |
ARO | Army Research Office |
ARPA | Advanced Research Projects Agency |
ASML | Advanced Semiconductor Materials Lithography (Dutch company) |
ATL | advanced tactical laser |
ATP | Advanced Technology Program |
BER | bit error rate |
BRCA1 | breast cancer susceptibility gene 1 |
BRCA2 | breast cancer susceptibility gene 2 |
CAD | computer-aided design |
CCD | charge-coupled device |
CCT | correlated color temperature |
Ce:YAG | cerium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet |
CIA | Central Intelligence Agency |
CIGS | copper indium gallium selenide |
CLEO | Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics |
CMOS | complementary metal oxide semiconductor |
CMU | Carnegie Mellon University |
CNC | computer numerically controlled |
CO | carbon monoxide |
CO2 | carbon dioxide |
COIL | chemical oxygen iodine laser |
CPV | concentrating photovoltaic |
CRI | Color Rendering Index |
CSP | concentrating solar power |
CT | computed tomography |
CTE | coefficient of thermal expansion |
CVD | chemical vapor deposition |
DARPA | Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency |
DAS | distributed acoustic sensing |
DC | direct current |
DHS | Department of Homeland Security |
DLP | digital light processor |
DNA | deoxyribonucleic acid |
DOD | Department of Defense |
DOE | Department of Energy |
DPP | discharge-produced plasma |
DPSK | differential phase-shift keying |
DQPSK | differential quadrature phase-shift keying |
DR | diabetic retinopathy |
DSO | Defense Sciences Office |
DSP | digital signal processing |
ECE | energy critical element |
ECOC | European Conference on Optical Communication |
EDFA | erbium-doped fiber amplifier |
EE | electrical engineering |
EECS | electrical engineering and computer science |
EERE | Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy |
EM | electromagnetic |
EO | electrooptical |
EPMD | Electronics, Photonics, and Magnetic Devices (Division, NSF) |
ER | emergency room |
EU | European Union |
EUV | extreme ultraviolet |
FACS | flow cytometry |
FDI | foreign direct investment |
flops | floating point operations per second |
FOV | field of view |
FPA | focal plane array |
FPD | flat panel display |
FTTH | fiber to the home |
FY | fiscal year |
GaAs | gallium arsenide |
GFP | green fluorescent protein |
GFR | glomerular filtration rate |
GHz | gigahertz |
GPS | Global Positioning System |
GPT | general-purpose technology |
HALOE | halogen occultation experiment |
HAMR | heat-assisted magnetic recording |
HDTV | high-definition television |
HEL JTO | High Energy Laser-Joint Technology Office |
HELLADS | High Energy Liquid Laser Area Defense System |
HGP | Human Genome Project |
HIV | human immunodeficiency virus |
Ho:YAG | holmium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet |
HT | high-throughput |
IAD | ion-assisted deposition |
IBS | ion beam sputtering |
IC | integrated circuit |
IEA | International Energy Agency |
IEEE | Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers |
IGZO | indium gallium zinc oxide |
InAs | indium arsenide |
InP | indium phosphide |
IP | intellectual property |
IPO | initial public offering |
IQE | internal quantum efficiency |
IR | infrared |
IRR | internal rate of return |
IRS | Internal Revenue Service |
ISAT | Information Science and Technology Board (DARPA) |
ISIS | Integrated Sensor Is Structure (program) |
ISR | intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance |
IT | information technology |
ITAR | International Traffic in Arms Regulations |
ITO | indium tin oxide |
ITRS | International Technology Roadmap for Semiconductors |
IWGN | Interagency Working Group of Nanotechnology |
JBSDS | Joint Biological Stand-off Detection System |
JHPSSL | Joint High Power Solid State Laser |
JTEC | Japanese Technology Evaluation Center |
JTO | Joint Technology Office |
LACOSTE | Large Area Coverage Optical Search-while-Track and Engage |
LADAR | laser radar |
LAN | local area network |
LASIK | laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis |
LCD | liquid-crystal display |
LCM | laser capture micro dissection |
LCOE | levelized cost of energy |
LCoS | liquid crystal on silicon |
LED | light-emitting diode |
LELE | litho-etch-litho-etch |
LENS™ | Laser Engineered Net Shaping |
LEOS | Lasers and Electro-Optics Society |
LFLE | litho-freezing-litho-etch |
LIA | Laser Institute of America |
LIDAR | light detection and ranging |
LIGO | Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory |
LISA | Laser Interferometer Space Antenna |
LLE | litho-litho-etch |
LOCI | Ladar and Optical Communications Institute |
LP | linear polarization |
LPP | laser-produced plasma |
MANPADS | man portable air defense systems |
MDR | multi-drug resistant |
MEMS | microelectromechanical system |
MIMO | multiple-input, multiple-output |
MIPS | millions of instructions per second |
MIT | Massachusetts Institute of Technology |
MLD | Maritime Laser Demonstrator |
MOCVD | metal-organic chemical vapor deposition |
MONET | multiwavelength optical networking |
MOPA | master oscillator power amplifier |
MOS | metal oxide semiconductor |
MRF | magnetorheological finishing |
MRI | magnetic resonance imaging |
mRNA | messenger ribonucleic acid |
MTHEL | Mobile Tactical High Energy Laser |
MTO | Microsystems Technology Office |
MWIR | mid-wavelength infrared |
NA | numerical aperture |
NAE | National Academy of Engineering |
NAICS | North American Industry Classification System |
NAS | National Academy of Sciences |
NASA | National Aeronautics and Space Administration |
NATO | North Atlantic Treaty Organization |
NCI | National Cancer Institute |
Nd:YAG | neodymium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet |
NEI | National Eye Institute |
NHLBI | National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute |
NIH | National Institutes of Health |
NIST | National Institute of Standards and Technology |
NMMB | National Materials and Manufacturing Board |
NNAP | National Nanotechnology Advisory Panel |
NNI | National Nanotechnology Initiative |
NRC | National Research Council |
NRDA | Nanotechnology Research and Development Act |
NREL | National Renewable Energy Laboratory |
NSE | nanoscale science and engineering |
NSET | Nanoscale Science, Engineering, and Technology |
NSF | National Science Foundation |
NVCA | National Venture Capital Association |
OADM | optical add/drop multiplexer |
OAI | off-axis illumination |
OCT | optical coherence tomography |
OFC | Optical Fiber Communications Conference |
OFDM | orthogonal frequency division multiplexing |
OIDA | Optoelectronics Industry Development Association |
OITDA | Optoelectronics Industry and Technology Development Association |
OLED | organic light-emitting diode |
ONR | Office of Naval Research |
OOK | on-off keying |
OPC | optical proximity correction |
OSA | Optical Society of America |
OSE | optical science and engineering |
OSTP | Office of Science and Technology Policy |
PC | personal computer |
PCAST | President’s Council of Advisors on Science and Technology |
PCF | photonic-crystal fiber |
PCR | polymerase chain reaction |
PDM | polarization division multiplexed |
PhC | photonic crystal |
PIC | photonic integrated circuit |
PISA | Program for International Student Assessment |
PON | passive optical network |
PRK | photorefractive keratectomy |
PSA | prostate-specific antigen |
PSK | phase-shift keying |
PSM | phase-shifting masks |
PV | photovoltaic |
PVOCT | phase variance optical coherence tomography |
QAM | quadrature-amplitude-modulation |
QCMC | quantum communication, measurement, and computing |
QCSE | Quantum-Confined Stark Effect |
QD | quantum dot |
QELS | quantum electronics and laser science |
QKD | quantum key distribution |
QPSK | quadrature-phase-shift-keying |
QW | quantum well |
R&D | research and development |
RCA | Radio Corporation of America |
RET | resolution enhancement technology |
RF | radio frequency |
RGB | red green blue |
RIN | relative intensity noise |
RMS | root mean square |
RNA | ribonucleic acid |
ROADM | reconfigurable optical add/drop multiplexer |
RT-PCR | real-time polymerase chain reaction |
S&T | science and technology |
SAIL | Synthetic Aperture Imaging Ladar |
SAM | Solar Advisor Model |
SAR | synthetic aperture radar |
SBIR | Small Business Innovation Research |
SBS | synthesis-based sequencing |
SDM | space division multiplexing |
SEMATECH | Semiconductor Manufacturing Technology |
SEMI | Semiconductor Equipment and Materials International |
SIC | Standard Industrial Classification |
SIM | sensing, imaging, and metrology |
SLS | selective laser sintering |
SOP | state of polarization |
SPDT | single-point diamond turning |
SPIE | International Society for Optics and Photonics |
SRC | Semiconductor Research Corporation |
SS | solid state |
STEM | science, technology, engineering, and mathematics |
SWaP | size, weight, and power |
TFPV | thin-film photovoltaics |
TFT | thin-film transistor |
THEL | Tactical High Energy Laser |
TIP | Technology Innovation Program |
UAV | unmanned aerial vehicle |
UNCTAD | United Nations Conference on Trade and Development |
UNESCO | United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization |
UNIDO | United Nations Industrial Development Organization |
USPTO | U.S. Patent and Trademark Office |
UV | ultraviolet |
VCSEL | vertical cavity surface emitting laser |
WDM | wavelength division multiplexing |
YAG | yttrium aluminum garnet |