National Academies Press: OpenBook

Optics and Photonics: Essential Technologies for Our Nation (2013)

Chapter: Appendix B: Acronyms and Abbreviations

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Suggested Citation:"Appendix B: Acronyms and Abbreviations." National Research Council. 2013. Optics and Photonics: Essential Technologies for Our Nation. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13491.
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B

Acronyms and Abbreviations

AAAS American Association for the Advancement of Science
ABL Airborne Laser Laboratory
AC alternating current
ACF anisotropic conducive film
AFOSR Air Force Office of Scientific Research
AIDS acquired immune deficiency syndrome
AIP American Institute of Physics
ALTB Airborne Laser Test Bed
ALTSim alternative liquid fuels simulation model
AMD age-related macular degeneration
AMO atomic, molecular, optics
AO adaptive optics
APD avalanche photodiode
APPLE Adaptive Photonic Phase Locked Elements (program)
APRS advanced plasma reactive sputtering
APS American Physical Society
ARGUS-IS Autonomous Real-Time Ground Ubiquitous Surveillance-Imaging System
ARO Army Research Office
ARPA Advanced Research Projects Agency
ASML Advanced Semiconductor Materials Lithography (Dutch company)
ATL advanced tactical laser
ATP Advanced Technology Program
Suggested Citation:"Appendix B: Acronyms and Abbreviations." National Research Council. 2013. Optics and Photonics: Essential Technologies for Our Nation. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13491.
×

BER bit error rate
BRCA1 breast cancer susceptibility gene 1
BRCA2 breast cancer susceptibility gene 2
 
CAD computer-aided design
CCD charge-coupled device
CCT correlated color temperature
Ce:YAG cerium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet
CIA Central Intelligence Agency
CIGS copper indium gallium selenide
CLEO Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics
CMOS complementary metal oxide semiconductor
CMU Carnegie Mellon University
CNC computer numerically controlled
CO carbon monoxide
CO2 carbon dioxide
COIL chemical oxygen iodine laser
CPV concentrating photovoltaic
CRI Color Rendering Index
CSP concentrating solar power
CT computed tomography
CTE coefficient of thermal expansion
CVD chemical vapor deposition
 
DARPA Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency
DAS distributed acoustic sensing
DC direct current
DHS Department of Homeland Security
DLP digital light processor
DNA deoxyribonucleic acid
DOD Department of Defense
DOE Department of Energy
DPP discharge-produced plasma
DPSK differential phase-shift keying
DQPSK differential quadrature phase-shift keying
DR diabetic retinopathy
DSO Defense Sciences Office
DSP digital signal processing
 
ECE energy critical element
ECOC European Conference on Optical Communication
Suggested Citation:"Appendix B: Acronyms and Abbreviations." National Research Council. 2013. Optics and Photonics: Essential Technologies for Our Nation. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13491.
×

EDFA erbium-doped fiber amplifier
EE electrical engineering
EECS electrical engineering and computer science
EERE Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy
EM electromagnetic
EO electrooptical
EPMD Electronics, Photonics, and Magnetic Devices (Division, NSF)
ER emergency room
EU European Union
EUV extreme ultraviolet
 
FACS flow cytometry
FDI foreign direct investment
flops floating point operations per second
FOV field of view
FPA focal plane array
FPD flat panel display
FTTH fiber to the home
FY fiscal year
 
GaAs gallium arsenide
GFP green fluorescent protein
GFR glomerular filtration rate
GHz gigahertz
GPS Global Positioning System
GPT general-purpose technology
 
HALOE halogen occultation experiment
HAMR heat-assisted magnetic recording
HDTV high-definition television
HEL JTO High Energy Laser-Joint Technology Office
HELLADS High Energy Liquid Laser Area Defense System
HGP Human Genome Project
HIV human immunodeficiency virus
Ho:YAG holmium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet
HT high-throughput
 
IAD ion-assisted deposition
IBS ion beam sputtering
IC integrated circuit
IEA International Energy Agency
Suggested Citation:"Appendix B: Acronyms and Abbreviations." National Research Council. 2013. Optics and Photonics: Essential Technologies for Our Nation. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13491.
×

IEEE Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers
IGZO indium gallium zinc oxide
InAs indium arsenide
InP indium phosphide
IP intellectual property
IPO initial public offering
IQE internal quantum efficiency
IR infrared
IRR internal rate of return
IRS Internal Revenue Service
ISAT Information Science and Technology Board (DARPA)
ISIS Integrated Sensor Is Structure (program)
ISR intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance
IT information technology
ITAR International Traffic in Arms Regulations
ITO indium tin oxide
ITRS International Technology Roadmap for Semiconductors
IWGN Interagency Working Group of Nanotechnology
 
JBSDS Joint Biological Stand-off Detection System
JHPSSL Joint High Power Solid State Laser
JTEC Japanese Technology Evaluation Center
JTO Joint Technology Office
 
LACOSTE Large Area Coverage Optical Search-while-Track and Engage
LADAR laser radar
LAN local area network
LASIK laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis
LCD liquid-crystal display
LCM laser capture micro dissection
LCOE levelized cost of energy
LCoS liquid crystal on silicon
LED light-emitting diode
LELE litho-etch-litho-etch
LENS™ Laser Engineered Net Shaping
LEOS Lasers and Electro-Optics Society
LFLE litho-freezing-litho-etch
LIA Laser Institute of America
LIDAR light detection and ranging
LIGO Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory
LISA Laser Interferometer Space Antenna
Suggested Citation:"Appendix B: Acronyms and Abbreviations." National Research Council. 2013. Optics and Photonics: Essential Technologies for Our Nation. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13491.
×

LLE litho-litho-etch
LOCI Ladar and Optical Communications Institute
LP linear polarization
LPP laser-produced plasma
 
MANPADS man portable air defense systems
MDR multi-drug resistant
MEMS microelectromechanical system
MIMO multiple-input, multiple-output
MIPS millions of instructions per second
MIT Massachusetts Institute of Technology
MLD Maritime Laser Demonstrator
MOCVD metal-organic chemical vapor deposition
MONET multiwavelength optical networking
MOPA master oscillator power amplifier
MOS metal oxide semiconductor
MRF magnetorheological finishing
MRI magnetic resonance imaging
mRNA messenger ribonucleic acid
MTHEL Mobile Tactical High Energy Laser
MTO Microsystems Technology Office
MWIR mid-wavelength infrared
 
NA numerical aperture
NAE National Academy of Engineering
NAICS North American Industry Classification System
NAS National Academy of Sciences
NASA National Aeronautics and Space Administration
NATO North Atlantic Treaty Organization
NCI National Cancer Institute
Nd:YAG neodymium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet
NEI National Eye Institute
NHLBI National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute
NIH National Institutes of Health
NIST National Institute of Standards and Technology
NMMB National Materials and Manufacturing Board
NNAP National Nanotechnology Advisory Panel
NNI National Nanotechnology Initiative
NRC National Research Council
NRDA Nanotechnology Research and Development Act
NREL National Renewable Energy Laboratory
Suggested Citation:"Appendix B: Acronyms and Abbreviations." National Research Council. 2013. Optics and Photonics: Essential Technologies for Our Nation. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13491.
×

NSE nanoscale science and engineering
NSET Nanoscale Science, Engineering, and Technology
NSF National Science Foundation
NVCA National Venture Capital Association
 
OADM optical add/drop multiplexer
OAI off-axis illumination
OCT optical coherence tomography
OFC Optical Fiber Communications Conference
OFDM orthogonal frequency division multiplexing
OIDA Optoelectronics Industry Development Association
OITDA Optoelectronics Industry and Technology Development Association
OLED organic light-emitting diode
ONR Office of Naval Research
OOK on-off keying
OPC optical proximity correction
OSA Optical Society of America
OSE optical science and engineering
OSTP Office of Science and Technology Policy
 
PC personal computer
PCAST President’s Council of Advisors on Science and Technology
PCF photonic-crystal fiber
PCR polymerase chain reaction
PDM polarization division multiplexed
PhC photonic crystal
PIC photonic integrated circuit
PISA Program for International Student Assessment
PON passive optical network
PRK photorefractive keratectomy
PSA prostate-specific antigen
PSK phase-shift keying
PSM phase-shifting masks
PV photovoltaic
PVOCT phase variance optical coherence tomography
 
QAM quadrature-amplitude-modulation
QCMC quantum communication, measurement, and computing
QCSE Quantum-Confined Stark Effect
QD quantum dot
Suggested Citation:"Appendix B: Acronyms and Abbreviations." National Research Council. 2013. Optics and Photonics: Essential Technologies for Our Nation. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13491.
×

QELS quantum electronics and laser science
QKD quantum key distribution
QPSK quadrature-phase-shift-keying
QW quantum well
 
R&D research and development
RCA Radio Corporation of America
RET resolution enhancement technology
RF radio frequency
RGB red green blue
RIN relative intensity noise
RMS root mean square
RNA ribonucleic acid
ROADM reconfigurable optical add/drop multiplexer
RT-PCR real-time polymerase chain reaction
 
S&T science and technology
SAIL Synthetic Aperture Imaging Ladar
SAM Solar Advisor Model
SAR synthetic aperture radar
SBIR Small Business Innovation Research
SBS synthesis-based sequencing
SDM space division multiplexing
SEMATECH Semiconductor Manufacturing Technology
SEMI Semiconductor Equipment and Materials International
SIC Standard Industrial Classification
SIM sensing, imaging, and metrology
SLS selective laser sintering
SOP state of polarization
SPDT single-point diamond turning
SPIE International Society for Optics and Photonics
SRC Semiconductor Research Corporation
SS solid state
STEM science, technology, engineering, and mathematics
SWaP size, weight, and power
 
TFPV thin-film photovoltaics
TFT thin-film transistor
THEL Tactical High Energy Laser
TIP Technology Innovation Program
Suggested Citation:"Appendix B: Acronyms and Abbreviations." National Research Council. 2013. Optics and Photonics: Essential Technologies for Our Nation. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13491.
×

UAV unmanned aerial vehicle
UNCTAD United Nations Conference on Trade and Development
UNESCO United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization
UNIDO United Nations Industrial Development Organization
USPTO U.S. Patent and Trademark Office
UV ultraviolet
 
VCSEL vertical cavity surface emitting laser
 
WDM wavelength division multiplexing
 
YAG yttrium aluminum garnet
Suggested Citation:"Appendix B: Acronyms and Abbreviations." National Research Council. 2013. Optics and Photonics: Essential Technologies for Our Nation. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13491.
×
Page 280
Suggested Citation:"Appendix B: Acronyms and Abbreviations." National Research Council. 2013. Optics and Photonics: Essential Technologies for Our Nation. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13491.
×
Page 281
Suggested Citation:"Appendix B: Acronyms and Abbreviations." National Research Council. 2013. Optics and Photonics: Essential Technologies for Our Nation. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13491.
×
Page 282
Suggested Citation:"Appendix B: Acronyms and Abbreviations." National Research Council. 2013. Optics and Photonics: Essential Technologies for Our Nation. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13491.
×
Page 283
Suggested Citation:"Appendix B: Acronyms and Abbreviations." National Research Council. 2013. Optics and Photonics: Essential Technologies for Our Nation. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13491.
×
Page 284
Suggested Citation:"Appendix B: Acronyms and Abbreviations." National Research Council. 2013. Optics and Photonics: Essential Technologies for Our Nation. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13491.
×
Page 285
Suggested Citation:"Appendix B: Acronyms and Abbreviations." National Research Council. 2013. Optics and Photonics: Essential Technologies for Our Nation. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13491.
×
Page 286
Suggested Citation:"Appendix B: Acronyms and Abbreviations." National Research Council. 2013. Optics and Photonics: Essential Technologies for Our Nation. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13491.
×
Page 287
Next: Appendix C: Additional Technology Examples »
Optics and Photonics: Essential Technologies for Our Nation Get This Book
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Optics and photonics technologies are ubiquitous: they are responsible for the displays on smart phones and computing devices, optical fiber that carries the information in the internet, advanced precision manufacturing, enhanced defense capabilities, and a plethora of medical diagnostics tools. The opportunities arising from optics and photonics offer the potential for even greater societal impact in the next few decades, including solar power generation and new efficient lighting that could transform the nation's energy landscape and new optical capabilities that will be essential to support the continued exponential growth of the Internet.

As described in the National Research Council report Optics and Photonics: Essential Technologies for our Nation, it is critical for the United States to take advantage of these emerging optical technologies for creating new industries and generating job growth. The report assesses the current state of optical science and engineering in the United States and abroad—including market trends, workforce needs, and the impact of photonics on the national economy. It identifies the technological opportunities that have arisen from recent advances in, and applications of, optical science and engineering. The report also calls for improved management of U.S. public and private research and development resources, emphasizing the need for public policy that encourages adoption of a portfolio approach to investing in the wide and diverse opportunities now available within photonics.

Optics and Photonics: Essential Technologies for our Nation is a useful overview not only for policymakers, such as decision-makers at relevant Federal agencies on the current state of optics and photonics research and applications but also for individuals seeking a broad understanding of the fields of optics and photonics in many arenas.

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