National Academies Press: OpenBook

The Effects of Solar Variability on Earth's Climate: A Workshop Report (2012)

Chapter: Appendix E: Acronyms and Terms

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Suggested Citation:"Appendix E: Acronyms and Terms." National Research Council. 2012. The Effects of Solar Variability on Earth's Climate: A Workshop Report. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13519.
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E
Acronyms and Terms

ACR Anomalous Cosmic Ray
ACRIM Active Cavity Radiometer Irradiance Monitor
AMO Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation
CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research
CME Coronal mass ejection
cosmic ray Highly energetic atomic nucleus that travels through space at nearly the speed of light
Dalton Minima A period of low solar activity lasting from 1790 to 1830 and named after John Dalton
ENSO El Niño-Southern Oscillation
EPP Energizing precipitating particle
Forcing An externally imposed perturbation in the radiative energy budget of Earth’s climate system. Also called radiative forcing.
GCM Global climate model
GCR Galactic cosmic ray
Hadley cell Atmospheric circulation with rising motion near the equator, poleward flow, and sinking motion in the subtropics
Little Ice Age A cooling period from 1550 to 1850
Maunder Minimum A period of low solar activity lasting from 1645 to 1715 and named after Edward W. Maunder
Milankovitch cycle Long-term changes in Earth’s orbit that in turn affect its climate over long periods of time
NASA National Aeronautics and Space Administration
NRC National Research Council
NSF National Science Foundation
Photosphere Visible surface of the Sun
PREMOS Precision Monitoring Sensor experiment onboard the PICARD French microsatellite mission
QBO Quasi-biennial oscillation
Suggested Citation:"Appendix E: Acronyms and Terms." National Research Council. 2012. The Effects of Solar Variability on Earth's Climate: A Workshop Report. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13519.
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SBUV Solar backscatter ultraviolet
SEP Solar energetic particle
SIM Spectral Irradiance Monitor
SOLSTICE Solar Stellar Intercomparison Experiment
SORCE Solar Radiation and Climate Experiment
SPE Solar proton event
Spörer minimum A period of low solar activity lasting from 1460 to 1550 and named after Gustav Spörer
SSI Solar spectral irradiance
SST Sea surface temperature
TIM Total Irradiance Monitor
TSI Total solar irradiance
Suggested Citation:"Appendix E: Acronyms and Terms." National Research Council. 2012. The Effects of Solar Variability on Earth's Climate: A Workshop Report. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13519.
×
Page 57
Suggested Citation:"Appendix E: Acronyms and Terms." National Research Council. 2012. The Effects of Solar Variability on Earth's Climate: A Workshop Report. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13519.
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Page 58
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On September 8-9, 2011, experts in solar physics, climate models, paleoclimatology, and atmospheric science assembled at the National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) in Boulder, Colorado for a workshop to consider the Sun's variability over time and potential Sun-climate connections.

While it does not provide findings, recommendations, or consensus on the current state of the science, The Effects of Solar Variability on Earth's Climate: A Workshop Report briefly introduces the primary topics discussed by presenters at the event. As context for these topics, the summary includes background information on the potential Sun-climate connection, the measurement record from space, and potential perturbations of climate due to long-term solar variability. This workshop report also summarizes some of the science questions explored by the participants as potential future research endeavors.

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