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Suggested Citation:"A Selected Readings." National Research Council. 1989. Lost Crops of the Incas: Little-Known Plants of the Andes with Promise for Worldwide Cultivation. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/1398.
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Suggested Citation:"A Selected Readings." National Research Council. 1989. Lost Crops of the Incas: Little-Known Plants of the Andes with Promise for Worldwide Cultivation. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/1398.
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Page 328
Suggested Citation:"A Selected Readings." National Research Council. 1989. Lost Crops of the Incas: Little-Known Plants of the Andes with Promise for Worldwide Cultivation. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/1398.
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Page 329
Suggested Citation:"A Selected Readings." National Research Council. 1989. Lost Crops of the Incas: Little-Known Plants of the Andes with Promise for Worldwide Cultivation. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/1398.
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Page 330
Suggested Citation:"A Selected Readings." National Research Council. 1989. Lost Crops of the Incas: Little-Known Plants of the Andes with Promise for Worldwide Cultivation. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/1398.
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Page 331
Suggested Citation:"A Selected Readings." National Research Council. 1989. Lost Crops of the Incas: Little-Known Plants of the Andes with Promise for Worldwide Cultivation. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/1398.
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Page 332
Suggested Citation:"A Selected Readings." National Research Council. 1989. Lost Crops of the Incas: Little-Known Plants of the Andes with Promise for Worldwide Cultivation. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/1398.
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Page 333
Suggested Citation:"A Selected Readings." National Research Council. 1989. Lost Crops of the Incas: Little-Known Plants of the Andes with Promise for Worldwide Cultivation. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/1398.
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Page 334
Suggested Citation:"A Selected Readings." National Research Council. 1989. Lost Crops of the Incas: Little-Known Plants of the Andes with Promise for Worldwide Cultivation. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/1398.
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Page 335
Suggested Citation:"A Selected Readings." National Research Council. 1989. Lost Crops of the Incas: Little-Known Plants of the Andes with Promise for Worldwide Cultivation. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/1398.
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Page 336
Suggested Citation:"A Selected Readings." National Research Council. 1989. Lost Crops of the Incas: Little-Known Plants of the Andes with Promise for Worldwide Cultivation. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/1398.
×
Page 337
Suggested Citation:"A Selected Readings." National Research Council. 1989. Lost Crops of the Incas: Little-Known Plants of the Andes with Promise for Worldwide Cultivation. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/1398.
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Page 338
Suggested Citation:"A Selected Readings." National Research Council. 1989. Lost Crops of the Incas: Little-Known Plants of the Andes with Promise for Worldwide Cultivation. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/1398.
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Page 339
Suggested Citation:"A Selected Readings." National Research Council. 1989. Lost Crops of the Incas: Little-Known Plants of the Andes with Promise for Worldwide Cultivation. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/1398.
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Page 340
Suggested Citation:"A Selected Readings." National Research Council. 1989. Lost Crops of the Incas: Little-Known Plants of the Andes with Promise for Worldwide Cultivation. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/1398.
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Page 341
Suggested Citation:"A Selected Readings." National Research Council. 1989. Lost Crops of the Incas: Little-Known Plants of the Andes with Promise for Worldwide Cultivation. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/1398.
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Appendix A Selected Readings In this appendix we have attempted to reference the most recent or readily available literature on little-known Andean food plants. Un- fortunately, many of the publications were produced in small quantity and can be extremely difficult to find. Some theses and dissertations are available for a fee from University Microfilms International, 300 North Zeeb Road, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48106, USA. In many cases an author can be found listed as a research contact in Appendix C. Direct correspondence is often the best way to locate information on the availability of these publications and other relevant information. This appendix follows the same organization as the text. Publications discussing several species are listed under a general section heading, such as "Fruits." GENERAL Nutritional information on native Andean crops is often given in Archivos Latinoamericanos de Nutricion. Further information is avail- able from Instituto de Nutricion de Centro America y Panama (INCAP), Apartado Postal 1188, Guatemala City, Guatemala. National govern- ments often produce consumer information as well. Antunez de Mayolo R., S.E. 1981. La Nutricion en el Antiguo Peru. Oficina Numismatica, Banco Central de Reserva del Peru, Lima. 189 pp. Beyersdorf, M. and O. Blanco. 1984. Diccinario Quechua-Espanol Te'rminos Agr~colas (de Cuzco Colla). Proyecto Investigacion de los Sistemas Agr~colas Andinos (PISA). Instituto Interamericano de Cooperacion pare la Agricultura (IICA), Lima. 83 pp. Brucher, H. 1977. Tropische Nutzpflanzen: Ursprung, Evolution und Domestikation (Commercial Tropical Plants: Origin, Evolution and Domestication). Springer Verlag, Berlin. Brucher, H. In press. Useful Plants of Neotropical Origin. English translation from German. Cardenas, M. 1969. Manual de Plantas Economicas de Bolivia. Imprenta Methodista "ICTHUS," Cochabamba, Bolivia. 421 pp. Cardich, A. 1987. Native agriculture in the highlands of the Peruvian Andes. National Geographic Research 3(1):22-39. Centro Internacional de Recursos Fitogeneticos (IBPGR). 1983. El Germoplasma Vegetal en los Palses Andinos. IBPGR Secretariat, c/o Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), Rome. Cook, O.F. 1925. Peru as a center of domestication. Journal of Heredity 16:33~6; 95-110. Friere, W. 1965. Tabla de Composicion de los Alimentos Ecuatorianos. Instituto Nacional de Nutricidn, Quito. Fries, A.M. and M.E. Tapia. 1986. Los Cultivos Andinos en el Peru. Programa Nacional de Sistemas Andinas de Producci6n Agropecuaria, Instituto Nacional de Investigaci6n y Promocidn Agrope- 327

328 LOST CROPS OF THE INCAS cuaria (INIPA), Lima. 36 pp. (For ordering information, contact M.E. Tapia; see Research Contacts.) Gade, D.W. 1975. Plants, Man, and the Land in the Vilcanota Valley of Peru. W. Junk B.V. Publishers, The Hague. 240 pp. (Extensive bibliography.) Holle, M. 1986. La conservacidn ex-situ de la variabilidad genetica de los cultivos andinos (1958- 1986). Pages 53-64 in Anales V Congreso lnternacional de Sistemas Ag~opecuarios Indigos. (See below.) Instituto Nacional de Nutrici6n. 1983. Tabla de Composicion de Alimentos para Uso Practico (revised). Publication No. 42. Instituto Nacional de Nutricidn, Caracas. International Board for Plant Genetic Resources (IBPGR). 1982. Plant Genetic Resources in the Andean Region. IBPGR, Lima. IBPGR Secretariat, c/o FAO, Rome. 82 pp. IBPGR. Newsletter for the Americas. IBPGR, c/o CIAT, Apartado 6713, Cali, Colombia. Latcham, R. E. 1 936. La Agricultura Precolombiana en Chile y los Parses Vecinos . Ediciones de la Universidad de Chile, Santiago. Ledn, J. 1964. Plantas Alimenticias Andinas. Bolet~n Tecnico No. 6. IICA, Agr~colas Zona Andina, Lima. 1 12 pp. Le6n, J. 1968. Fundamentos Bota'nicos de los Cultivos Tropicales. Textos y Materiales de Ensenanza No. 18. IICA, San Jose, Costa Rica. Leung, W.-T.W. and M. Flores. 1961. Food Composition Tables for Use in Latin America. U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Bethesda, Maryland. Mateo, N. and M.E. Tapia. 1988. High mountain environment and farming systems in Latin America. Status of valuable native Andean crops in the high mountain agriculture of Ecuador. In Proceedings of Workshop on Mountain Agriculture and Crop Genetic Resources. International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development (ICEMOD). India Book House, New Delhi. Montaldo B., P. 1988. El area de distribucidn y actual de los cultivos andinos en Chile. Pages 332- 336 in Memorias: VI Congreso Internacional de Cultivos Andinos. (See below.) Nieto, C., J. Rea, R. Castillo, and E. Peralta. 1984. Guia para el Man ejo y Preservacion de los Recursos Fitogeneticos. Publicaci6n Miscelanea No. 47. Estaci6n Experimental Santa Catalina, Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Agropecuarias (INIAP), Quito. Parodi, L.R. 1935. Relaciones de la agriculture prehispanica con la agriculture argentina actual. Anales de la Academia Nacional de Agronom~a y Veterinaria (Buenos Aires) 1:115-167. Patino, V. M. 1 964. Plantas Cultivadas y Animales Dome'sticos en America Equinoccial, vol. 2 : Plantas Alimenticias. Imprinta Departamental, Cali. Perez-Arbelaez, E. 1978. Plantas Utiles de Colombia. Litograf~a Arco, Bogota. Piedra B., M.B. and J.T. Esquinas-Alcazar. 1983. Situacion Actual del Germoplasma Vegetal de los Pa~ses Andinos. AGPG/IBPGR/83/50. IBPGR Secretariat, c/o FAO, Rome. Querol, D. 1988. Recursos Geneticos, Nuestro Tesoro Olvidado: Aproximacion Te'cnica y Socio- economica. 218 pp. (For ordering information, contact D. Querol, Av. Javier Prado (Este) 461, San Isidro, Lima, Peru; or G. Nabhan, see Research Contacts.) Rea, J. 1985. Recursos Fitogene'ticos Agricolas de Bolivia. Base para establecer el sistema. Oficina Regional pare America Latina, Comite Internacional de Recursos Fitogeneticos (IBPGR), La Paz. IBPGR Secretariat, c/o FAO, Rome. Rengifo, G. 1983. Bibliograf~a sobre Agricultura Andina. PISA. IICA, Lima. Sanchez-Monge y Parellada, E. 1980. Diccionario de Plantas Agricolas. Servicio de Publicaciones Agrarias, Ministerio de Agricultura, Madrid. 467 pp. Sauer, C.O. 1952. Cultivated plants of South and Central America. Pages 487-543 in Handbook of South American Indians vol. 6: Agricultural Origins and Dispersals. Bureau of American Ethnology Bulletin 143, New York. Soukup, J. 1970. Vocabulario de los Nombres Vulga~es de la Flora Peruana y Cata'logo de los Ge'neros. Colegio Salesiano, Lima. 380 pp. Tapia, M.E. 1982. El Medio, Los Cultivos y Los Sistemas Agrtcolas en los Andes del Sur del Peru. PISA (Apartado 110697), Lima. 80 pp. Tola C., J., C. Nieto, E. Peralta, and R. Castillo. 1988. Status of valuable native Andean crops in the high mountain agriculture of Ecuador. In Proceedings of Workshop on Mountain Agriculture and Crop Genetic Resources. ICEMOD. India Book House, New Delhi. Other general works include an excellent series of technical reports entitled Cultivos Andinos produced by the Programa de Investigacidn en Cultivos Andinos (PICA), Universidad Nacional de San Cristhbal de Huamanga, Ayacucho, Peru. In addition, there have been six international congresses on Andean crops. The published proceedings for these, listed below, contain a wealth of information, particularly on tubers and grains, as well as on indigenous agriculture and related topics. 1. 1978. Primer Congreso Internacional sobre Cultivos Andinos, 1977. M.E. Tapia and M.V. Teran, eds. Universidad Nacional de San Cristhbal de Huamanga. Serie Informe de Cursos, Conferencias, y Reuniones No. 117. IICA, OEA, Ayacucho, Peru. 2. 1980. Segundo Congreso Internacional sobre Cultivos Andinos. Facultad de Ingener~a Agron-

APPENDIX A 329 omica, Escuela Superior Politecnica de Chimborazo, IICA, Riobamba, Ecuador. 323 pp. 3. 1982. Tercer Congreso Internacional de Cultivos Andinos. Instituto Boliviana de Tecnolog~a Agropecuaria (IBTA), Centro Internacional de Investigaciones pare el Desarrollo (CIID), La Paz, Bolivia. 544 pp. 4. ]984. Cuarto Congreso Internacional de Cultivos Andinos: Memorias. Instituto Colombiano Agropecuario (ICA), CIID, Pasto, Colombia. 484 pp. 5. 1987. V Congreso Internacional de Sistemas Agropecuarios Andinos: Anales. Universidad Nacional del Altiplano. CORPUNO, CINIPA, CIID, Puno, Peru. 514 pp. 6. 1988. VI Congreso Internacional de Cultivos Andinos: Memorias. INIAP, LATINRECO, FUNDAGRO, CIID, Quito, Ecuador. 558 pp. ROOTS AND TUBERS Arbizu Avellaneda, C. and E. Robles Garcia. 1986. Cata'logo de los Recursos Gene'ticos de Races y Tube'rculos Andinos. PICA, Universidad Nacional de San Cristobal de Huamanga, Ayacucho, Peru. Kay, D.E. 1973. Root Crops. TPI Crop and Product Digest, No. 2. The Tropical Products Institute (56/62 Gray's Inn Road, London WC1X 8LU). Montaldo, A. 1977. Cultivo de Ra~ces y Tube'rculos Tropicales. IICA, San Jose. 284 pp. PICA. 1987. Cultivos Andinos: Sistemas Agr~colas Andinos: Tecnolog~a de Produccidn de Alimentos en Condiciones de Alto Fresco Climatico III(I). PICA, Universidad Nacional de San Crist6bal de Huamanga, Ayacucho, Peru. Razumov, V.I. and R.S. Limar. 1974. Effect of night temperature on tuber formation and flowering of certain plant species under short day conditions. Botanichrskii Zhurnal 59(11):1648-1657. Rea, J. and D. Morales. 1980. Catalogo de Tube'rculos Andinas. Programa de Cultivos Andinos, IBTA, Ministerio de Asuntos Campesinos y Agropecuaria, La Paz. 47 pp. Tapia, M.E. 1981. Los tuberculos andinos. Pages 45-61 in Avances en los Investigaciones sobre Tuberculos Alimenticios de los Andes. PISA. IICA, Lima. 114 pp. Zimmerer, K. 1988. Seeds of Peasant Subsistence: Agrarian Structure, Crop Economics, and Quechua Agriculture in Reference to the Loss of Biodiversity in the Southern Peruvian Andes. Ph.D. dissertation, Department of Geography, University of California, Berkeley. (Extensive bibliography.) Achira Chaparro, R.B. and H. Cortes. 1979. La Achira. Cultivo. Industrializacion. Utilidad forrajera. Orientacion Agropecuaria No. 131. ICA, Bogota. Chung, H.L. and J.C. Ripperton. 1924. Edible Canna in Hawaii. Hawaii Agricultural Experimental Station Bulletin No. 54. Honolulu, Hawaii. 16 pp. Gade, D.W. 1966. Achira, the edible canna, its cultivation and use in the Peruvian Andes. Econom Botany 20(4):407-415. Imai, K. and T. Ichihashi. 1986. Studies on dry matter production of edible canna (Canna edulis Ker.) I. Gas exchange characteristics of leaves in relation to light regimes. Japanese Journal of Crop Science 55(3):360-366. Khoshoo, T.N. and I. Guha. n.d. Origin and Evolution of Cultivated Cannas. Vikas Publishing House Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi. Le Dividich, J. 1977. Feeding value of Canna edulis roots for pigs. The Journal of Agriculture of the University of Puerto Rico 61(3):267-274. Mukerjee, L. and T.N. Khoshoo. 1971. Genetic-evolutionary studies on cultivated cannas V: Intraspecific polyploidy in starch yielding Canna edulis. Genetica Iberica 23:35-42. Oka, M., O. Boonseng, and W. Watananonta. 1987. Characteristics of dry matter and tuber production of Queensland arrowroot (Canna edulis Ker.). Japanese Journal of Tropical Agriculture 32(3): 173-178. Tu, L. and H.-D. Tscheuschner. 1981. Untersuchung von wichtigen Eigenschaften der Dong-Rieng- Starke (Testing of important.characteristics of achira starch). Lebensmittelindustrie 28:515-516. Ufer, M. 1972. Canna edulis Ker., a neglected root crop. Tropical Root Crop Newsletter (Rome) 5:32-34. Ugent, D., S. Pozorski, and T. Pozorski. 1984. New evidence for ancient cultivation of Canna edulis in Peru. Economic Botany 38(4):417-432. Ahipa Brucher, H. 1985. Der Reiche Gen-Fundus Vergfssener Tropischer Nutzpflanzen (The rich gene- resources of forgotten tropical commercial plants). Geowissenschaften in Unserer Zeit 3(1):8-14.

330 LOST CROPS OF THE INCAS Clausen, R.T. 1944. A botanical study of the yam beans (Pachyrrhizas). Cornell University Memoir 264. Ithaca, New York. 38 pp. Herrera, F.L. 1942. Plantas Tropicales Cultivadas por los Antiguos Peruanos 2(2):179-195. S0rensen, M. 1988. A taxonomic revision of the genus Pachyrhizus (Fabaceae—Phaseoleae). Nordic Journal of Botany 8(2):167-192. (Extensive bibliography.) Yacovleff, E. 1933. La j~quima, ra~z comestible extinguida en el Peru. Revista del Museo Nacional (Lima) 2(1):51-56. Arracacha Arracacha has been featured in symposiums held in Brazil in 1984 and 1987. Articles based on the first symposium appear in Informe Agropecuario (Belo Horizonte, Brasil) 10(120)(December 1984). (For information on availability, contact A.C.W. Zanin; see Research Contacts.) Barrantes del A., F. and E. Mendoza G. 1987. Nuevas enfermedades en cultivo de mashua (Tropaeolum tuberosum), olluco (Ullucus tuberosus), arracacha (Arracacia xanthorrhiza), y camote (Ipomoea batatas) en Ayacucho. Pages 36-51 in Cultivos Andinos: Sistemas Agricolas Andinos: Tecnologia de Produccion de Alimentos en Condiciones de Alto Fresco Climatico III(I). (See above under Roots and Tubers.) Canahua Z., A. 1978. Cultivo de la arracacha en Puno. Pages 268-271 in Primer Congreso Internacional sobre Cultivos Andinos, 1977. (See above under General heading.) Castillo T., R. 1984. La zanahoria blanca: otro importante alimento andino. Desde el Surco (Ecuador) 42:39-42. Empresa de Assistencia Tecnica e Extensao Rural do Estado me Minas Gerais (EMBRATER MG). 1982. Sistema de Produ~cao para a Cultura da Mandioquinha-salsa. Serie Sistema de Produ~ao No. 009. EMBRATER MG, Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuaria (EMPRAPA). 36 pp. Faillace, P.G. 1972. El Apio Andino. Division de Proyectos, Corporacion de los Andes, Merida, Venezuela. 95 pp. Franco P., S. and J. Rodr~guez C. 1988. Evaluacion del Germoplasma de Arracacha o Racaha (Arracacia xanthorriza) en el Valle de Cajamarca. Mimeo. 6 pp. (For information on availability, contact S. Franco P.; see Research Contacts.) Higuita M., F. 1968. El cultivo de la arracacha en la sabana de Bogota. Agricultura Tropical (Bogota) 24(3): 1 39-146. Hodge, W.H. 1954. The edible arracacha—a little-known food plant of the Andes. Economic Botany 8: 195-221. Leon, J. and J. Real 1967. Clasificacion de clones de arracacha (Arracacia xanthorrhiza). Informe Anual. IICA, San Jose. Mathias, M. and L. Constance. 1976. Umbelliferae. Flora of Ecuador 5(145):43-49. Rea, J. 1984. Arracacia xanthorrhiza en los pa~ses andinos de Sud America. Pages 387-396 in Cuarto Congreso Internacional de Cultivos Andinos: Memorias. (See above under General heading.) Roth, Q. 1977. Arracacia xanthorrhiza: el tuberculo comestible del apio criollo y su estructura interna. Acta Botanica Venezuelica 12: 147-170. Sanchez, I. and G. Plascencia. 1981. Informe Tecnico sobre Conservacio,' de Clones de Arracacha. Universidad Tecnica de Cajamarca, Peru. 4 pp. Maca Bonnier, E. 1986. Utilisation du sol a l'epoque prehispanique: le cas archeologique du Shaka- Palcamayo (Andes centrales). Cahiers des Sciences Humaines 22(1):97-113. Chacon R., G. 1961. Estudio fitoqutmico de Lepidium Meyenii Walp. Tesis de Bachillerato. Universidad de San Marcos, Lima. IBPGR, 1982. (See above under General heading.) Johns, T. 1981. The anu and the mace. Journal of Ethnobiology 1(2):208-212. King, S.R. 1988. Economic Botany of the Andean Tuber Crop Complex: Lepidium meyenii, Oxalis tuberosa, Tropaeolum tuberosum, and Ullucus tuberosus. Ph.D. dissertation, Graduate Faculty in Biology, City University of New York. (Extensive bibliography.) Leon, J. 1964. The "mace" (Lepidium meyenii), a little-known food plant of Peru. Economic Botany 18(2): 122-127. Matos M., R. n.d. La mace: una planta peruana en extincion. Cielo Abierto n.v.:3-9. (Photocopies available from N. Vietmeyer, National Academy of Sciences, 2101 Constitution Avenue, Wash- ington, DC 20418, USA.) Mashua Barrantes and Mendoza, 1987. (See above under Arracacha.)

APPENDIX A 33 Bateman, J. 1961. Una prueba exploratoria de la alimentacidn usando Tropaeolum tuberosum. Turrialba 11:98-100. Beckett, K. 1979. Growing perennial tropaeolums. The Garden (Journal of the Royal Horticultural Society) 104:147-151. Cortes, H.B. 1984. Avances en la investigacidn en tres tuberculos andinos: oca (Oxalis tuberosa) olluco (Ullucus tuberosus), maswa, isano o anu (Tropaeolum tuberosum). Pages 62-83 in Avances en los Investigaciones sobre Tube'rculos Alimenticios de los Andes. (See above under Roots and Tubers.) Delgado, N.C. 1978. Caracter~sticas morfol6gicas de la planta de mashua (Tropaeolum tuberosum) asociadas al rendimiento bajo condiciones de Allpachaka (3.600 m.s.n.m.). Pages 250-254 in Primer Congreso Internacional sobre Cultivos Andinos, 1977. (See above under General heading.) Fernandez, J. 1973. Sobre la dispersi6n meridional de Tropaeolum tuberosum R. et P. Boletin de la Sociedad Argentina de Botanica 15:106-112. Gibbs, P.E., D. Marshall, and D. Brunton. 1978. Studies on the cytology of Oxalis tuberosa and Tropaeolum tuberosum. Notes from the Royal Botanic Carden Edinburgh 37:215-220. Hodge, W.H. 1957. Three native tubers of the high Andes. Economic Botany 5(2):185-201. Johns, 1981. (See above under Maca.) Johns, T. and G.H.N. Towers. 1981. Isothiocyanates and thioureas in enzyme hydrolysates of Tropaeolum tuberosum. Phytochemist~y 20:2687-2689. Johns, T., W.D. Kitts, F. Newsome, and G.H.N. Towers. 1982. Anti-reproductive and other medicinal effects of Tropaeolum tuberosum. Journal of Ethnopharmacology 5:149-161. Kalliola, R., P. Jokela, L. Pietila, A. Rousi, J. Salo, and M. Yli-Rekola. In press. Influencia del largo del die en al crecimiento y formacidn de tuberculos de ulluco ( Ullucus tuberosus, Basellaceae), oca (Oxalis tuberosa, Oxalidaceae) y anu (Tropaeolum tuberosum, Tropaeolaceae). (For infor- mation on availability, contact A. Rousi; see Research Contacts.) King, 1988. (See above under Maca.) King, S.R. and S.M. Gershoff. 1987. Nutritional evaluation of three underexploited Andean tubers: Oxalis tuberosa (Oxalidaceae), Ullucus tuberosus (Basellaceae), and Tropaeolum tuberosum (Tropaeolaceae). Economic Botany 41(4):503-511. Rea, J. 1983. Germoplasma Boliviano y calidad bromatol6gica de Tropaeolum tuberosum. In Tercer Congreso Internacional de Cultivos Andinos. (See above under General heading.) Rea, J. 1984. Germoplasma Boliviano y calidad alimenticia del Isano (T. tuberosum). Pages 7-13 in Cuarto Congreso Internacional de Cultivos Andinos: Memorias. (See above under General heading.) Robles G., E. 1981. Origen y Evolucion de la Oca, Ulluco, y Mashua. Universidad Nacional Agraria, La Molina, Lima. 26 pp. Mauka De Montenegro, L. and S. Franco. 1988. Evaluacidn de nutrientes en tres variedades de Mirabilis expansa "chago." Pages 268-273 in VI Congreso Internacional de Cultivos Andinos: Memorias. (See above under General heading.) Franco, S. and J. Rodr~guez. 1988. Multiplicacidn por esquejes del chago, miso o mauka (Mirabilis expansa). Pages 265-267 in VI Congreso Internacional de Cultivos Andinos: Memorias. (See above under General heading.) Rea, J. 1968. El Miso en Ecuador. Su Calidad Bromatologica. Informe Tecnico. Programa de Cultivos Alimenticios Andinos, IICA, San Jose. Rea, J. 1982a. E1 miso: Mirabilis expansa, una contribuci6n de la agriculture pre-Inca de Ecuador y Bolivia. Desde el Surco (Quito) n.v.:23-26. Rea, J. 1982b. Informe de coleccidn de cultivos andinos en Ecuador. IPBGR 82/142. Convenio IBPGR-INIAP, Quito. 35 pp. Rea, J. and J. Le6n. 1965. La mauka (Mirabilis expansa Ruiz y Pavon), un aporte de la agriculture andina prehispanica de Bolivia. Anales Cientificos de la Universidad Agraria (La Molina, Peru) 3(1):38-41. Seminario, J. 1988a. Cajamarca: primer centro de variabilidad genetica de chago. Pulso Norteno (Chiclayo, Peru) 29/30:80. Seminario, J. 1988b. E1 chago o mauka Mirabilis expansa R y P en Cajamarca. Pages 257-264 in VI Congreso Internacional de Cultivos Andinos: Memorias. (See above under General heading.) Oca Blanco, O. 1977. Investigacidn en el mejoramiento de tuberculos menores. In Primer Congreso Internacional sobre Cultivos Andinos, 1977. (See above under General heading.) Consejo Internacional de Recursos Fitogeneticos (IBPGR). 1982. Descriptores de Oca. IBPGR Secretariat, c/o FAO, Rome. 23 pp.

332 LOST CROPS OF THE INCAS Cortes, H.B. 1977. Avances en la investigation de la oca. In Prime' Congreso Internacional sobre Cultivos Andinos, 1977. (See above under General heading.) Cortes, 1984. (See above under Mashua.) de Azkue, D. and A. Martinez. ]987. Chromosome Numbers of the Oxalis tuberosa Alliance. 9 pp. (Available from the authors; see Research Contacts). Kalliola et al., 1988. (See above under Mashua.) King, 1988. (See above under Maca.) King and Gershoff, 1987. (See above under Mashua.) King, S.R. and H.H.C. Bastien. In press. Oxalis tuberosa Mol. (Oxalidaceae) in Mexico: the distribution, diversity, cultivation, utilization, nutritional value, and introduction of an Andean tuber crop in Meso-America. Advances in Economic Botany. Orbegoso, A.G. 1960. Estudio sobre la oca (Oxalis tuberosa Mol.) con especial reference a su structure y variabilidad. Agronom~a (Lima) 27(1):28-38. Stegemann, H., S. Majino, and P. Schmiediche. 1988. Biochemical differentiation of clones of Oxalis tuberosa by their tuber proteins and the properties of these proteins. Economic Botany 42(1):37-44. White, J.W. 1975. Notes on the Biology of Oxalis tuberosa and Tropaeolum tuberosum. B.A. honors thesis. Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts. Potatoes Brush, S.B., H.J. Carney, and Z. Huaman. 1981. Dynamics of Andean potato agriculture. Economic Botany 35:70-88. Correll, D.S. 1962. The Potato and Its Wild Relatives. Texas Research Foundation, Renner, Texas. 606 pp. Hanneman, R.E., Jr. and J.B. Bamberg. 1986. Inventory of tuber-bearing Solanum species. Wisconsin Agricultural Experiment Station Bulletin 533. 216 pp. (Available from J.B. Bamberg, Potato Introduction Station, Sturgeon Bay, Wisconsin 54235, USA.) Hawkes, J. G. In press. Potatoes of Bolivia. Oxford University Press, Oxford. (Extensive bibliography.) Hoekstra, R. and L. Seidewitz. 1987. Evaluation Data on Tuber-bearing Solanum Species (2nd edition). Institut fur Pflanzenbau und Pflanzenzuchtung der FAL (Federal Research Centre of Agriculture), Braunschweig, West Germany, and Stichting voor Plantenveredeling, Wageningen, Netherlands. Hoopes, R.W. and R.L. Plaisted. 1987. Potato. Pages 385-436 in W.R. Fehr, ea., Principles of Cultivar Development, vol. 2, Crop Species. Macmillan, New York. Huaman, Z. 1975. The Origin and Natu/e of Solanum ajanhuiri Juz. et Buk., a South American Cultivated Diploid Potato. Ph.D. dissertation, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK. 193 pp. Huaman, Z. 1983. The breeding potential of native Andean potato cultivars. Pages 96-97 in W.J. Hooker, ea., Proceedings of the International Congress on Research for the Potato in the Year 2000. International Potato Center (CIP), Lima. Huaman, Z. 1987. Inventory of Andean Potato Cultivars with Resistance to Some Pests and Diseases and Other Desirable Traits. CIP, Lima. 22 pp. Huaman, Z., J.G. Hawkes, and P.R. Rowe. 1980. Solanum ajanhuiri: an important diploid potato cultivated in the Andean Altiplano. Economic Botany 34:335-343. Jackson, M.T., J.G. Hawkes, and P.R. Rowe. 1977. The nature of Solanum X chaucha Juz. et Buk., a triploid cultivated potato of the South American Andes. Euphytica 26:775-783. Johns, T. and S.L. Keen. 1986. Ongoing evolution of the potato on the Altiplano of western Bolivia. Economic Botany 40(4):409-424. Munoz, F.J. and R.L. Plaisted. 1981. Yield and combining abilities in andigena potatoes after six cycles of recurrent phenotypic selection for adaptation to long day conditions. American Potato Journal 58:469-479. Ochoa, C.M. In press. The Potatoes of South America: Bolivia (vol. 1). Cambridge University Press, New York. (Extensive bibliography.) Ross, H. 1986. Potato breeding—problems and perspectives. Fortschritte der Pflanzenzuchtung (13). Verlag Paul Parey, Berlin. 132 pp. Schmiediche, P.E., J.G. Hawkes, and C.M. Ochoa. 1980. Breeding of the cultivated potato species Solanum X juzepczakii Buk. and Solanum X curtilobum Juz. et Buk. Euphytica 29:685-704. Zimmerer, 1988. (See above under General heading.) Ulluco Arbizu, C. and J. Valladolid. 1982. Lista de descriptores pare el ulluco. Pages 335-344 in Tercer Congreso Internacional de Cultivos Andinos. (See above under General heading.)

APPENDIX A 333 Barrantes and Mendoza, 1987. (See above under Arracacha.) Benavides, A. 1967. Variabilidad clonal en ulluco (Ullucus tuberosus Loz.). Fitotecnia Latino- americana 4(2):91-98. Brunt, A.A., S. Phillips, R.A.C. Jones, and R.H. Kenten. 1982a. Viruses detected in Ullucus tuberosus (Basellaceae) from Peru and Bolivia. Annals of Applied Biology 101:65-71. Brunt, A.A., R.J. Barton, S. Phillips, and R.A.C. Jones. 1982b. Ullucus virus C, a newly recognized comovirus infesting Ullucus tuberosus (Basellaceae). Annals of Applied Biology 101:73-78. Caceda, F. and J. Rossel. 1985. Entomolog~a de los Cultivos Andinos: Estudio en Comunidades Campesinas. Editorial Universitaria 85, Universidad Nacional Agraria, La Molina, Lima. Cortes, 1984. (See above under Mashua.) Hodge, 1957. (See above under Mashua.) Kalliola et al., 1988. (See above under Mashua.) King, 1988. (See above under Maca.) King and Gershoff, 1987. (See above under Mashua.) Montaldo, A. 1977. In Cultivo de Ra~ces y Tuberculos Tropicales. (See above under Roots and Tubers.) Rousi, A., P. Jokela, R. Kalliola, L. Pietila, J. Salo, and M. Yli-Rekola. 1989. Morphological Variation Among Clones of ulluco (Ullucus tuberosus, Basellaceae) Collected in Southern Peru. Economic Botany 43(1):58-72. Rousi, A., M. Yli-Rekola, P. Jokela, R. Kalliola, L. Pietila, and J. Salo. 1988. The fruit of Ullucus (Basellaceae), an old enigma. Taxon 37:71-75. Sperling, C.R. 1987. Systematics of the Basellaceae. Ph.D. dissertation, Department of Organic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge. (Extensive bibliography.) Stone, O.M. 1982. The elimination of four viruses from Ullucus tuberosus by meristem-tip culture and chemotherapy. Annals of Applied Biology 101:79-83. Vallenas R., M. 1984. Ollucos silvestres en Puno—Peru. Pages 340-345 in Cuarto Congreso Internacional de Cultivos Andinos: Memorias. (See above under General heading.) Zimmerer, 1988. (See above under General heading.) Yacon Calvino, M. 1940. A new plant Polymnia edulis for forage or alcohol. Industria Sacchariferra Italiana (Genova) 33:95-98. Endt, A. and R. Endt. 1986. Growing Yacon. Pamphlet. (Available from authors; see Research Contacts.) Kierstan, M. 1980. Production of fructose syrups from inulin. Process Biochemisty 15(4):2,4,32. Montaldo, A. 1967. Bibliograf~a de ra~ces y tuberculos tropicales. Revista Facultad Agr~cola Universidad Central de Venezuela 13:489-490. GRAINS Risi C., J. and N.W. Galwey. 1984. The Chenopodium grains of the Andes: Inca crops for modern agriculture. Advances in Applied Biology 10:145-216. (Extensive bibliography.) Rodriguez, I. 1986. En Su Mesa: Cultivos Andinos. Proyecto Fitomejoramiento y Produccion de Semilla de Cultivos Andinos pare el Desarrollo Rural (FIPS), Cuzco. 71 pp. (Nutritional information and recipes.) Tapia, M., H. Gandarillas, S. Alandia, A. Cardozo, A. Mujica, R. Ortiz, V. Otazu, J. Rea, B. Salas, E. Zanabria. 1979. La Quinua y la Kaniwa: Cultivos Andinos. Serie Libros y Materiales Educativos No. 40. IICA, Turrialba, Costa Rica. (Extensive bibliography.) Kaniwa Briceno P., O. and F. Canal~es M. 1976. La cahihua (Chenopodium pallidicaule Aellen) como sucedaneo del ma~z en raciones pare polio, parrilleros. Anales Cientificos (Lima) 14:151-163. Carmen, M.L. 1984. Acclimatization of quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) and canihua (Cheno- podium pallidicaule Aellen) to Finland. Annales Agricultural Fennial 23:135-144. Gade, D.W. 1970. Ethnobotany of cahihua (Chenopodium pallidicaule), rustic seed crop of the Altiplano. Economic Botany 24(1):55-61 Risi and Galwey, 1984. (See above under Grains.) Tapia et al., 1979. (See above under Grains.) Trinidad S., A., F. Gomez L., and G. Suarez R., eds. 1986. El Amaranto: Amaranthus spp. (Alegria): Su Cultivo y Aprovechamiento. Memoria, Primer Seminario Nacional del Amaranto. (For ordering information, contact A. Sanchez M.; see Research Contacts.)

334 Kiwicha LOST CROPS OF THE INCAS For a general account of the promise of Amaranthus species, see National Research Council, 1984, Amaranth: Modern Prospects for an Ancient Crop, National Academy Press, Washington, DC. Ordering information can be found at the end of this book. Two newsletters dealing broadly with all the Amaranthus species are currently published. These are: Amaranth Today, published by Rodale Press, Inc., 33 East Minor Street, Emmaus, Pennsylvania 18098, USA; and Amaranth Newsletter, published by Editorial Office, Archivos Latinoamericanos de Nutricidn, Instituto de Nutricidn de Centro America y Panama (INCAP), Apartado Postal 1188, Guatemala City. In addition, the following volume is a guide to the planting and management of amaranths: Weber, L.E., E.S. Hubbard, L.A. Nelson, D.H. Putnam, and J.W. Lehmann. 1988. Amaranth Grain Production Guide. Rodale Research Center and the American Amaranth Institute. 24 pp. (Published annually; copies and amaranth bibliography available from Rodale Research Center, RD 1, Box 323, Kutztown, Pennsylvania 19530, USA.) Bressani, R., J.M. Gonzales, J. Zuniga, M. Breuner, and L.G. Elms. 1987a. Yield, selected chemical composition and nutritive value of 14 selections of amaranth grain representing four species. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture 38:347-356. Bressani, R., J.M. Gonzales, L.G. Alias, and M. Melgar. 1987b. Effect of fertilizer application on the yield, protein and fat content, and protein quality of raw and cooked grain of three amaranth species. Qualitas PlantarumlPlant Foods for Human Nutrition 37:59-67. Goldberg, A.D. and G. Covas. 1988. Actas de las Primeras Jornadas Nacionales sobre Amarantos. Facultad de Agronom~a, Universidad Nacional de La Pampa, Santa Rosa, La Pampa, Argentina. Imeri, A., R. Flores, L.G. El~as, and R. Bressani. 1987a. Efecto del procesamiento y de la suplementaci6n con aminoacidos sobre la calidad proteinica del amaranto (Amaranthus caudatus). Archivos Latinoamericanos de Nutricidn 37(1):160-173. Imeri, A., J.M. Gonzales, R. Flores, L.G. Elias, and R. Bressani. 1987b. Variabilidad genetica, y correlaciones entre rendimiento, tamano del grano, composicidn qu~mica y calidad de la proteina de 25 variedades de amaranto (Amaranthus caudatus). Archivos Latinoamericanos de Nutricion 37(1): 132-146. Kulakow, P.A. 1987. Genetics of grain amaranths II. The inheritance of determinance, panicle orientation, dwarfism, and embryo color in Amaranthus caudatus. The Journal of Heredity 78:293-297. Morales, E., J. Lembcke, and G.G. Graham. 1988. Nutritional value for young children of grain amaranth and maize-amaranth mixtures: effects of processing. Journal of Nutrition 118(1):78-85. Nieto, C. 1986. Analysis of growth and response to photoperiod in six Amaranthus species. Master's thesis, Universidad de Costa Rica. CATIE-Turrialba. 101 pp. Pedersen, B., L.S. Kalinowski, and B.O. Eggum. 1987a. The nutritional value of amaranth grain (Amaranthus caudatus): 1. Protein and minerals of raw and processed grain. Qualitas Plantaruml Plant Foods for Human Nutrition 36(4):309-324. Pedersen, B., L. Hallgren, I. Hansen, and B.O. Eggum. 1987b. The nutritional value of amaranth grain (Amaranthus caudatus): 2. As a supplement to cereals. Qualitas Plantarum/Plant Foods for Human Nutrition 36(4):325-334. Robles G., E. and E. Nufiez A. 1987. Comparativo del rendimiento de 13 accesiones de achita (Amaranthus caudatus L.) en las localidades: Centro Experimental de Wayllapampa (2,450 m.s.n.m.) y Canaan (2,720 m.s.n.m.) Pages 1-9 in Cultivos Andinos: Sistemas Agr~colas Andinos: Tecnologla de Produccion de Alimentos en Condiciones de Alto Fresco Climatico III(1). (See above under Roots and Tubers.) Sumar K., L. 1985. El Pequeno Gigante. Oficina de Area, United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF)- Peru, Lima. 24 pp. Sumar K., L., O. Blanco G., and J. Pacheco N. 1986a. Descriptores Para Amaranthus (con orientacion para Amaranthus caudatus L.). Tercera Edicion, corregida y aumentada. Programa de Investigacidn Amaranthus Reporte 86-3. Programa Nacional de la Kiwicha, Universidad Nacional del Cusco. 20 pp. Sumar K., L., J. Pacheco N., and F. Flores L. 1986b. Correlaciones Simples y Multiples del Rendimiento en Grano de la "Kiwicha" (Amaranthus caudatus), con Algunas Variables Bio- Metricas. Programa de Investigacidn Amaranthus Reporte 86-2. Programa Nacional de la Kiwicha, Universidad Nacional del Cusco. 54 pp. Vaidya, K.R. and S.K.J. Jain. 1987. Response to mass selection for plant height and grain yield in amaranth (Amaranthus spp.). Plant Breeding 98:61-64. Quinoa Canahua M., A. and J. Real 1980. Quinuas resistentes a heladas, avances a la investigacidn. Pages 143-149 in Segundo Congreso Internacional sobre Cultivos Andinos. (See above under General.)

APPENDIX A 335 Carlsson, R. 1983. Leaf protein concentrate from plant sources in temperate countries. Pages 52-80 in L. Telek and H.D. Graham, eds., Leaf Protein Concentrates. AVI Publishing Co., Westport, Connecticut, USA. Castillo, R. 1987. A Study of the Long-Term Storage Behaviors of Chenopodium quinoa Seeds. Master's thesis, Plant Biology Department, University of Birmingham, U.K. Consejo Internacional de Recursos Fitogeneticos (IBPGR). 1981. Descriptores de Quinua. IBPGR Secretariat, c/o FAO, Rome. 18 pp. Cusack, D. 1984. Quinua: grain of the Incas. The Ecologist 14(1):21-31. Galwey, N.W. and J. Risi. 1984. Suggestions for the Cultivation of Quinoa in Britain. Mimeo. 7 pp. (Copies available from authors; see Research Contacts.) Gandarillas S.C., H. 1968. Razas de Quinua. Bolet~n No. 34. Instituto Boliviano de Cultivos Andinos, Divisi6n de Investigaciones Agr~colas, Ministerio de Agricultura, La Paz. Gandarillas S.C., H. 1974. Gene'tica y Origen de la Quinua. Boletin No. 9. Instituto Nacional de Trigo, Ministerio de Asuntos Campesinos y Agropecuarios, La Paz. Gandarillas S.C., H. 1984. Obtencion Experimental de Chenopodium quinoa Willd.. IBTA, Ministerio de Asuntos Campesinos y Agropecuarios, La Paz. 21 pp. Hernandez, S. 1987. Incorporation of High-Protein Endemic Cultigens into the Formal Economic Sector of Ecuador. Ph.D. dissertation, Department of Urban Planning, Michigan State University, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA. Lescano, R., J.L. 1981. Cultivo de la Quinua. Universidad Nacional Tecnica del Altiplano, Centro de Investigaciones en Cultivos Andinos, Puno, Peru. Lopez de Romana, G., G. Graham, M. Rojas, and W.C. McLean, Jr. 1981. Digestibilidad y calidad proteinica de la quinua: estudio comparativo en ninos entre semilla y harina de quinua. Archivos Latinamericanos de Nutricion 31:485-497. Risi and Galwey, 1984. (See above under Grains.) Tapia et al., 1979. (See above under Grains.) Torres, H.A. and I. Minaya. 1980. Escarificadora de quinua. Diseno y Construccio,'. Publicaciones Miscelaneas No. 243. IICA, Lima. Wilson, H.D. 1981. Genetic variation among South American populations of tetraploid Chenopodium sect. Chenopodium subsect. Cellulata. Systematic Botany 6(4):380-398. Wilson, H.D. 1988. Quinua biosystematics I: domesticated populations. Economic Botany 42(4):461- 477. (Extensive bibliography.) Wood, R. 1989. Quinoa the Super Grain. Japan Publications (Kodansha International), New York. 200 pp. (Extensive bibliography.) Zanabria, E. and A. Mujica S. 1977. Plagas de la quinua. Pages 129-142 in Curso de Quinua. Fondo Simon Bol~var, Ministerio de Alimentaci6n. IICA, Universidad Nacional Tecnica del Altiplano, Puno, Peru. LEC(1MES For a general account of the promise of legumes, see National Research Council. 1979. Tropical Legumes: Resources for the Future. National Academy of Sciences, Washington. (Ordering information can be found at the end of this book.) Basul Peralta V., I.C. 1983. Integracion de la Leguminosa Basul (Erythrina edulis) en la Alimentacion Humana. Mimeo. 19 pp. (Copies available from author; see Research Contacts.) Perez, C., D. de Martinez, and E. D~az. 1979. Evaluacion de la calidad de la proteina de la Erythrina edulis (Balu). Archivos Latinoamericanos de Nutricion 29(2):193-207. Romero-Castaneda, R. 1961. Pages 96-97 in Frutas silvestres de Colombia (vol. 1). Editora "San Juan Eudes," Bogota. 342 pp. Nunas (Popping Beans) Brucher, H. 1988. The wild ancestor of Phaseol'~s vulgaris in Middle America. Pages 185-214 in P. Gepts, ea., Genetic Resources of Phaseolus Beans. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Boston. Gepts, P.L., T.C. Osborn, K. Rashka, and F.A. Bliss. 1986. Phaseolin protein variability in wild forms and landraces of the common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris): evidence for multiple centers of domestication. Economic Botany 40(4):451-468. Kaplan, L., and L.N. Kaplan. 1988. Phaseolus in archaeology. Pages 125-142 in P. Gepts, ea., Genetic Resources of Phaseolus Beans. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Boston. Zimmerer, K. 1985. Agricultural Inheritances: Peasant Management of Common Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) Variation in Northern Peru. Master's thesis, Department of Geography, University of California, Berkeley. (Extensive bibliography.) Zimmerer, K. 1987. La nuna. Pages 233-234 in V Congreso Internacional de Sistemas Agropecuarios Andinos: Anales. (See above under General heading.)

336 T. arw1 LOST CROPS OF THE INCAS The International Lupin Association (ILA) publishes a newsletter and a series of proceedings of its biennial conferences. Many issues contain literature on tarwi ("Andean lupin"). These are available from the ILA, PO Box 3048, Cordoba, Spain. Antunez de Mayolo, S. 1982. Tarwi in ancient Peru. Pages 1-11 in R. Gross and E.S. Bunting, eds., Agricultural and Nutritional Aspects of Lupines. Schriftenreihe der Deutsche Gesellschaft fur Technische Zusammenarbeit (GTZ) No. 125, (Dag-Hammarskjold-weg 1, Postfach 5180, D-6236) Eschborn, West Germany. Brucher, H. 1968. Die genetischen reserven Sudamerikas fur die kulturpflanzenzuchtung. Theoretical and Applied Genetics 38:9-22. Frey, F. and E. Yabar. 1983. Enfermedades y Plagas de Lupinos en el Peru. Schriftenreihe der GTZ No. 142, (Dag-Hammarskjold-weg 1, Postfach 5180, D-6236) Eschborn, West Germany. Gross, R. 1982. El Cultivo y la Utilizacion del Tarwi (Lupinus mutabilis Sweet). Produccion y Proteccion Vegetal No. 36. Estudio FAO. FAO, Rome. 236 pp. Gross, U., R.G. Galindo, and H. Schoeneberger. 1983. The development and acceptability of lupine (Lupinus mutabilis) products. Qualitas PlantarumlPlant Foods for Human Nutrition 32:155-164. International Board for Plant Genetic Resources (IBPGR). 1981. Lupin Descriptors. IBPGR Secretariat, c/o FAO, Rome. 68 pp. Ortiz, C., R. Gross, and E. von Baer. 1975. Protein quality of Lupinus mutabilis compared to Lupinus albus, Lupinus luteus and soybeans. Zeitschrift fur Ernahrungswissenschaft 14:230-234. Pakendorf, K.W., D.J. Van Schalkwyk, and F.J. Coetzer. 1973. Mineral element accumulation in Lupinus II. Zeitschrift Acker- und Pfftanzenbau 138:46-62. Rodriguez, I., 1986. (See above under Grains.) Romer, P. and W. Jahn-Deesbach. 1986. Developments in breeding of Lupinus mutabilis. Pages 31- 39 in Proceedings of the Fourth International Lupin Conference. ILA, Cordoba. Romer, P. and W. Jahn-Deesbach. In press. Developments in Lupinus mutabilis breeding. Proceedings of the Fifth International Lupin Conference. ILA, Cordoba. Van Jaarsveld, A.B. and P.S. Knox-Davies. 1974. Resistance of lupine to Phomopsis leptostromi- formis. Phytophylactica 6:55-60. Villareal, J.A. and F. Angstburger. 1986. El cultivo de tarhui (Lupinus mutabilis), fijacion y aporte de nitrogeno al suelo y su efecto residual en cebada (Hordeum vulgaris). Pages 774-785 in V Congreso Internacional de Sistemas Agropecuarios Andinos: Anales. (See above under General heading.) von Baer, E. and D. von Baer. In press. Lupinus mutabilis: cultivation and breeding. Proceedings of the Fifth International Lupin Conference. ILA, Cordoba. VEGETABLES Peppers Andrews, J. 1984. Peppers: The Domesticated Capsicums. University of Texas Press, Austin, Texas. Eshbaugh, W.H. 1982. Variation and evolution in Capsicum eximium (Solanaceae). Baileya 21(4):193. Eshbaugh, W.H., S.I. Guttman, and M.J. McLeod. 1983. The origin and evolution of domesticated Capsicum species. Journal of Ethnobiology 3(1):49-54. Heiser, C.B. 1985. How many kinds of peppers are there? Pages 142-154 in Heiser, 1985a. (See below under Fruits.) Martin, F.W., J. Santiago, and A.A. Cook. 1979. The Peppers, Capsicum Species. Vegetables for the Hot, Humid Tropics, Part 7. U.S. Department of Agriculture. 18 p. (Science and Education Administration, PO Box 53326, New Orleans, Louisiana 70153, USA.) Squashes and Their Relatives Barrantes, F. 1988. Cucurbitaceas natives de Ayacucho (2750 msnm) estudios basicos en colecciones locales. Pages 294-299 in VI Congreso Internacional de Cultivos Andinos: Memorias. (See above under General heading.) Esquinas-Alcazar, J.T. and P.J. Gulick. 1983. Genetic Resources of Cucurbitaceae. AGPG:IBPGR/ 82/48. IBPGR Secretariat, c/o FAO, Rome. 99 pp. Jeffrey, C. 1980. A review of the Cucurbitaceae. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 81:233. Morton, J.F. 1975. The sturdy Seminole pumpkin provides much food with little effort. Proceedings of the Florida State Horticultural Society 88:137-142. (Reprints available from the author; see Research Contacts.) Whitaker, T.W. 1980. The potential economic importance of some unexploited species of Cucurbi- taceae and the use of cucurbits as experimental material. Paper presented at Conference on

APPENDIX A 337 Biology and Chemistry of the Cucurbitaceae, August 3-6, 1980, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York. (For information on availability, contact the author; see Research Contacts.) FRUITS Books that deal in a general way with fruits or that include information on several of the species in this report include the following. Dawes, S.N. and G.J. Pringle. 1983. Fifteen subtropical fruits from South and Central America. Pages 123-139 in G.S. Wratt and H.C. Smith, eds., Plant Breeding in New Zealand. Butterworths, Wellington, New Zealand. Heiser, C.B. 1969. Nightshades: The Paradoxical Plants. W.H. Freeman and Company, San Francisco. 200 pp. Heiser, C.B. 1985. Of Plants and People. University of Oklahoma Press, Norman, Oklahoma. Martin, F.W., C.W. Campbell, and R.M. Ruberte. 1987. Perennial Edible Fruits of the Tropics: An Inventory. Agriculture Handbook No. 642. U.S. Department of Agriculture. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC. 252 pp. Morton, J.F. 1987. Fruits of Warm Climates. Published by the author. (Available from Creative Resource Systems, Inc., Box 890, Winterville, North Carolina 28590, USA.) 505 pp. Patino, V.M. 1963. Plantas Cultivadas y Animates Domesticos en America Equinoccial, Vol. 1. Frutales. Imprinta Departamental, Cali. 403 pp. Popenoe, W. 1924. Economic Fruit-Bearing Plants of Ecuador. Contributions from the United States National Herbarium vol. 24, No. 5, Washington, DC. Romero-Castaneda, R. 1961. Frutas Silvestres de Colombia (vol. 1). Editora "San Juan Eudes," Bogota. 342 pp. Romero-Castaneda, R. 1969. Frutas Silvestres de Colombia (vol. 2). Editora "San Juan Eudes," Bogota. 384 pp. Romero-Castaneda, R. 1985. Frutas Silvestres del Choco. Instituto Colombiano de Cultura Hispanica, Bogota. 122 pp. Sarmiento G., E. 1986. Frutas en Colombia. Ediciones Cultural Colombiana Ltda., Bogota. 173 pp. Schneider, E. 1986. Uncommon Fruits and Vegetables: A Commonsense Guide. Harper & Row, New York. 546 pp. Schultes, R.E. and R. Romero-Castaneda. 1962. Edible fruits of Solanum in Colombia. Botanical Museum Leaflets 19:235-286. A quarterly newsletter, Solanaceae, which often contains information on goldenberry, naranjilla, pepino, tamarillo, and peppers, is available from J. Riley; see Research Contacts. Andean Berr~es At present, there is little information readily available on the horticulture of either ugni or the Andean blueberry. Bautista, D. 1977. Observaciones sobre el cultivo de la more (Rubus glaucus Benth.) en los Andes venezolanos. Agronom~a Tropical 27(2):253-260. Darrow, G.M. 1952. Rubus glaucus, the Andes blackberry of Central America and northern South America. Ceiba 3:97-101. Darrow, G.M. 1955. The giant Colombian blackberry of Ecuador. Fruit Varieties and Horticultural Digest 10:21-22. Darrs~w, G.M. 1967. The cultivated raspberry and blackberry in North America—breeding and improvement. American Horticulture Magazine 46:203-218. De la Cadena, J.I. and A. Orellana. 1985. Cultivo de la Mora, vol. 1. Unidad de Capacitacion Fruticultura, Instituto Nacional de Capacitaci6n Campesina, Quito. 116 pp. (Available from USAID, Washington, DC 20523) De la Cadena, J.I. and A. Orellana. 1985. Cultivo de la Mora, vol. 2 Unidad de Capacitacion Fruticultura, Instituto Nacional de Capacitacion Campesina, Quito. 52 pp. (Available from USAID, Washington, DC 20523) Jennings, D.L. 1978. The blackberries of South America—an unexplored reservoir of germplasm. Fruit Varieties Journal 32(3):61-63. Lav~n A., A. and C. Mufioz S. 1988. Propagacion de la murtilla (Ugni molinae Turcz.) mediante estacas apicales semi lenosas [Propogation of "murtilla" (Ugni molinae Turcz.) using semi- hardwood apical cuttings]. Agricultura Tecnica (Chile) 48(1):58-59. Morton, J.F. 1984. The Andes berry (Rubus glaucus Benth.) in Haiti. Proceedings of the American Society of Horticultural Science, Tropical Region 28:87-89. Osorio B., I.A.J. 1975. El cultivo de la more (zarzamora). ICE-lnformacion 11(11):7-20.

338 LOST CROPS OF THE INCAS Popenoe, W. 1920. La more gigante de Colombia. Revista del Ministerio de Agricultura y Comercia (Colombia) 6:503-507. Popenoe, W. 1921a. The Andes berry. Journal of Heredity 12:387-393. Popenoe, W. 1921b. The Colombian berry. Journal of Heredity 11:195-202. Popenoe, 1924. (See above under Fruits.) Rodriguez Z., E. and J. Duarte B. n.d. Mora de castilla. Pages 399-420 in D. R~os-Castano and R. Salazar C., eds., Frutales, vol. 2. ICA, Bogota. Servicio Nacional de Aprendisahe (SENA). n.d. El Cultivo de la Moral Division de Communicaciones, Regional Boyaca, SENA, Boyaca, Colombia. 30 pp. Sherman, W.B. and R.H. Sharpe. 1971. Breeding Rubus for warm climates. Horticultural Science 6: 147-149. Williams, C.F., B.W. Smith, and G.M. Darrow. 1949. A Pan-American blackberry hybrid. Hybrids between the Andean blackberry and American varieties. Journal of Heredity 40:261-265. Capuli Cherly Acosta-Solis, M. 1973. Origen y geografia del capuln Boletin de Informaciones Cientificas Nacionales (Case de la Cultura Ecuatoriana) 14(105-106):28-32. Castillo T., R. 1988. Capul`. Mimeo. 7 pp. (Copies available from author; see Research Contacts.) Centauro, S.A. 1985. Capuh. Pages 21-23 in Apuntes Sobre Algunas Especies Forestales Natives de la Sierra Peruana. Edited by J. Pretell C., D. Ocana V., R. Jon L., and E. Barahona C. Proyecto FAO/Holanda/INFOR (GCP/PER/027/NET), Lima, Peru. McVaugh, R. 1951. A revision of the North American black cherry (Prunus serotina Ehrh. and relatives). Brittonia 7:279-315. McVaugh, R. 1952. Suggested phylogeny of Prunus serotina and other wide-ranging phylads in North America. Brittonia 7:317-346. Raimondo, A. 1981. Il capulin, una pianta da frutto acclimatata in Sicilia (The capulin, a plant with fruit acclimatized in Sicily). Estratto da Frutticoltura (Gruppo Giornalistico Edagricole) 18(5):47-49. Cherimoya Banks, A.G. and G.M. Sanewski. 1988. Growing Custard Apples. Queensland Department of Primary Industries (QDPI). (For ordering information, contact QDPI Information Centre, GOP Box 46, Brisbane 4001, Australia.) Bender, G.S. and N.C. Ellstrand. 1986. Cherimoya Culture in California. University of California Cooperative Extension Publication #CP-465(150):7-86. Canizares Z., J. 1966. Las Frutas Annonaceas. Ediciones Fruticuba, Havana, Cuba. 63 pp. Carlos L., F. 1982. Polinizacion artificial en chirimoyos—tecnica que aumenta rendimientos y calidad. El Campesino January-February 1982. Dawes, S.N. 1985. Cherimoya—subtropical fruit with potential. Growing Today, August 1985. Dawes and Pringle, 1983. (See above under Fruits.) Endt, R. 1984. A commercial future for the cherimoya? Southern Horticulture September, 49-50. Gardiazabal, F. and G. Rosenberg. 1986. Cultivo del Chirimoyo. Escuela de Agronom~a, Universidad Catolica de Valpara~so, Chile. (For information on availability, contact F. Gardiazabal; see Research Contacts.) George, A.P. and R.J. Nissen. 1987. Propagation of Annona species: a review. Scientia Horticulturae 33:75-85. Geurts, F. 1981. Annonaceous Fruits (Annona spp.): Aspects Related to Cerm Plasm Conservation: A Preliminary Study. AGP:IBPGR/81/ll, January. Mimeo. Royal Tropical Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands. Guirado Sanchez, E. Chirimoyo. Comparacion de Metodos de Polinizacion Artificial. Analisis de Componentes del Fruto. Efecto del Acido Giberelico en el Desarrollo del Fruto y de sus Componentes. Escuela Universitaria de Ingenieria Tecnica Agricola (E.U.I.T.A.) "La Rabida," Seville. 116 pp. (Most recent of a series of reports done at the Estacidn Experimental ''La Mayora" of the Universidad de Malaga. For information on topics and availability, contact J.M Farre; see Research Contacts.) Hopping, M.E. 1982. Pollination and fruit set of cherimoya. The Orchardist of New Zealand 55(2):56-60. New Zealand Tree Crops Association. 1985. Proceedings of a Seminar on Cherimoyas Held at Carrington Technological Institute. New Zealand Tree Crops Association (Auckland Branch), New Zealand. Schroeder, C.A. 1951. Fruit morphology and anatomy of the cherimoya. Botanical Gazette 1 12:436-446. Schroeder, C.A. 1971. Pollination of cherimoya. California Avocado Society Yearbook 42:119-122.

APPENDIX A 339 Schroeder, C.A. 1988. The pollination problem in cherimoya. Indoor Citrus and Rare Fruit Society Newsletter 26(Summer):12-13. Thomson, P.H. 1970. The cherimoya in California. Californian Rare Fruit Growers Yearbook 2:20-34. Goldenber~y Cailes, R.L. 1952. The cultivation of cape gooseberry. Journal of Agriculture of Western Australia 1 :363-365. Chia, C.L., M.S. Nishina, and D.O. Evans. 1987. Poha. Commodity Fact Sheet Poha-3(A), Hawaii Cooperative Extension Service, Hawaii Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Human Resources. University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, Hawaii. 2 pp. Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR). 1969. Physalis. Pages 38-40 in The Wealth of India: Raw Materials, vol. 8. Publications & Information Directorate, CSIR, New Delhi. Davis, B.R. and V.B. Whitehead. 1974. Cape Gooseberry Cultivation. Information Bulletin Number 210. Fruit and Fruit Technology Research Institute, Stellenbosch, South Africa. Mimeo. 4 pp. Dremann, C.C. 1987. Ground Cherries, Husk Tomatoes, and Tomatillos. 22 pp. (Available for a nominal charge from the author; see Research Contacts.) Jaw-Kai Wang. 1966. Equipment for Husking Poha Berries. Technical Bulletin No. 60. Hawaii Agricultural Experiment Station, Honolulu. 18 pp. Klinac, D.J. 1986. Cape gooseberry (Physalis peraviana) production systems. New Zealand Journal of Experimental Agriculture 14:425-30. (Reprints available from the author; see Research Contacts.) Klinac, D.J. and F.H. Wood. 1986. Cape gooseberry (Physalis peraviana). The Orchardist of New Zealand 60(4):103. Legge, A.P. 1974. Notes on the history, cultivation, and uses of Physalis peraviana. Journal of the Royal Horticultural Society 99:310-314. Mazumdar, B.C. 1979. Cape-gooseberry, the jam fruit of India. World Crops 31(January/Febru- ary): 19,23. Morton, J.F. and O.S. Russell. 1954. The cape gooseberry and the Mexican husk tomato. Proceedings of the Florida State Horticultural Society 67:261-266. (Reprints available from J.F. Morton; see Research Contacts.) Highland Papayas Badillo, W.M. 1967. Acerca de la naturaleza hibrida de Carica pentagona, C. chrysopetala and C. fructifragrans, frutales del Ecuador y Colombia. Revista Facultad Agronomia Venezuelano 4(2):92-103. Badillo, W.M. 1971. Monograf~a de la Familia Caricaceae. La Asociacidn de Profesores, Universidad Central de Venezuela, Facultad de Agronomia, Maracay, Venezuela. Camacho, S. and V. Rodr~guez. 1982. El cultivo comercial del babaco (Carica pentagona Heilb.). Proceedings of the American Society for Horticultural Science (Tropical Region) 26:17-20. Cossio, F., ed. 1987. Atti del 1° Convegno Nazionale sul Babaco. Proceedings of a conference held March 28, 1987, in Ferrara, Italy. (Information available from F. Cossio; see Research Contacts.) Cossio, F. 1988. Il Babaco. Edagricole (Via Emilia Levante, 31), Bologna, Italy. Dawes and Pringle, 1983. (See above under Fruits.) Endt, A. 1981. One Hundred One Ways of Using Pawpaws. Landsendt Tropical Fruits (108 Parker Road, Oratia) Auckland, New Zealand. Fabara G., J., N. Bermeo C., and C. Barberan B. 1985. Manual del Cultivo del Babaco. Universidad Tecnica de Ambato/Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnolog~a, Ambato, Ecuador. Heilborn, O. 1921. Taxonomical and cytological studies on cultivated Ecuadorian species of Carica. Arkiv for Botanik 17(12):1-17. Litz, R.E. 1986. Papaya (Carica papaya L.) Pp. 220-232 in Y.P.S. Bajaj, ea., Biotechnology in Agriculture and Forestry vol. 1: Trees I. Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg, West Germany. Mata, J. and N. Rivas. 1981. Especies del genero Carica como fuente de extracidn de papa~na. Pages 51-54 in Informe de. Investigacion 1980. Instituto de Genetica, Universidad Central de Venezuela, Caracas. Mekako, H.U. and H.Y. Nakasone. 1977. Sex inheritance in some Carica species. Journal of the American Society of Horticultural Science 102(1):42-45. Popenoe, 1924. (See above under Fruits.) Silva, E., V. Fuentes, and L.A. Lizana. 1980. Azucares y acidos constitutivos y su evolucidn durante la maduraci6n de papayas (Carica candarmarcensis Hook.). Proceedings of the American Society for Horticultural Science (Tropical Region) 24:97-102. Vega de Rojas, R. 1988. Somatic Embryogenesis of Babaco Carica pentagona (Heilborn) Badillo. Master's thesis, Faculty of Plant Science, University of Delaware, Newark.

340 Lucuma LOST CROPS OF THE INCAS Calzada B., J., V. Bautista C., J. Bermudez R., and M. Moran R. 1972. C~`lti~;o del Lucumo. Bolet~n Tecnica 2. Universidad Nacional Agraria, La Molina, Lima. 44 pp. (For information on availability, contact the authors; see Research Contacts.) Dawes and Pringle, 1983. (See above under Fruits.) Ebel, C. 1935. Los lucumos en Chile. Revisa Chilena de Historia Natural 34:183-203. Martin, F.W. and S.E. Malo. ]978. The Canistel and Its Relatives. Cultivation of Neglected Tropical Fruits With Promise: Part 5. Science and Education Administration, U. S. Department of Agriculture, Washington, DC. 12 pp. Saavedra, E. 1975. Efecto de la temperature y reguladores de cremiento sobre la germinacion y crecimiento de la plantula del lucumo (Lucuma bifera Mol.). In~'estigaciones Agricultura (Chile) 1(3): 147-152. Saavedra, E. 1975. InjertaciOn del lucumo. In~'estigaciones Agricultura (Chile) 1(3):191-193. Naranjilla (Lulo) Campbell, C.W. 1965. The naranjilla. Bulletin of the Rare Fruit Council of South Florida 2:3-5. Garcia R., E.H. and M.A. Garc~a D. 1985. Collecion y Establecimiento de un Banco de Germoplasma de Lulo, Solanum quitoense, y Especies Relacionadas en el Suroeste Colombiano. Tesis Ingeniero Agronomo, Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Palmira, Colombia. 100 pp. Giraldo, J.A. and C. Bol~var. 1977. Enfermidades del Lulo en Tres Zonas Produciones de Colombia. Tesis Ingeniero Agronomo, Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Palmira, Colombia. 103 pp. Heiser, C.B. 1972. The relationships of the naranjilla, Solanum quitoense. Biotropica 4(2):77-84. Heiser, C.B. 1985a. Little oranges of Quito. Pages 60-81 in Heiser, 1985a. (See above under Fruits.) Heiser, C.B. 1985b. Ethnobotany of the naranjilla (Solanum quitoense). Economic Botany 39:4-11. Instituto Colombiano Agropecuario (ICA). 1973. Las Plagas Del Lulo y Su Control. Bolet~n Tecnico No. 25. Programa Nacional de Entomolog~a, ICA, Ministerio de Agricultura, Bogota. Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Agropecuarias (INIAP). 1982. Memorias de la Primera Conferencia Internacional de Naranjilla. INIAP, Quito. 177 pp. Jaramillo Vasquez, J. 1984. El Cultivo del Lulo. Mimeo. Programa Nacional de Hortalizas, ICA, Palmira. 11 pp. (For information on availability, contact the author; see Research Contacts.) Lobo A., M., E. Girard O., J. Jaramillo V., and G. Jaramillo S. n.d. El cultivo del lulo o naranjilla. Pages 10-21 in Contribucidn de los Programas de Hortalizas y Frutale~. ICA, Bogota. (Information on availability from J. Jaramillo V.; see Research Contacts.) Pacheco, R. and J. Jimenez. 1968. El cultivo de la naranjilla en el Ecuador. Ministerio de Agricultura y Ganader~a, Quito. Reyes, C.E. 1987. Descripcion de la Informacion Existente sobre el Lulo ylo Naranjilla, Solanum quitoense Lamarck y de las Practicas Realizadas por los Agricultores en Diferentes Zonas de Colombia. Tesis Ingeniero Agr6nomo, Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Palmira, Colombia. 280 pp. Romero-Castaheda, R. 1961. El lulo: una fruta de importancia economica. Agricultura Tropical 17(4):214-18. Wolff, L.D. n.d. El Cultivo del Lulo ~ Naranjilla (Solanum quitoense Lam.). Facultad de Agronom~a, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Medell~n, Colombia. 97 pp. Pacay (Ice-Cream Beans) There is much literature on the genus Inga. However, little is available concerning the specific cultivation and use of pacay as food. General Inga articles include the following: Cavalcante, P.B. 1976. Frutas Comestiveis da Amazonia (2nd edition). Falangola, Belem, Brazil. Holdridge, L.R. and L.J. Poveda, Jr. 1975. Arboles de Costa Rica vol. 1. Centro Cientifico Tropical, San Jose, Costa Rica. Koptur, S. 1983a. The ecology of some Costa Rican Inga species. Pages 259-261 in D.H. Janzen, ea., Costa Rican Natural History. University of Chicago Press, Chicago. Koptur, S. 1983b. Flowering phenology and floral ecology of Inga. Systematic Botany 8(4):354-368. Koptur, S. 1984. Pollinator limitation of fruit set-breeding systems of Inga. Evolution 38(5): 1 130-1 143. Leon, J. 1966. Central American and West Indian species of Inga (Leguminosae). Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 53:265-359. Marin M., F. 1983. Informe preliminar sobre el genero Inga en el sur oriente peruano, I parse. Revista Universitaria 70(132).

APPENDIX A 341 National Research Council. 1980. Firewood Crops: Shrub and T/ee Species for Energy Production. National Academy Press, Washington, D.C. Pa ss lo nfru its Escobar, L.K.A. de. 1980. Interrelationships of the edible forms of Passiflora centering around Passiflora mollisima (HBK) Bailey Subgenus Tacsonia. Ph.D. dissertation, Department of Botany, University of Texas, Austin. Escobar, L.K.A. de. 1981. Experimentos preliminares en la hibridacion de especies comestibles de Passiflora. Actualidades Biologicas 10(38):103-111. Escobar, L.K.A. de. 1985. Taxonomy, biologic reproductive y mejoramiento de la curuba. Pages 200-206 in II Seminario Recursos Vegetales Promisorios. Faculdad de Ciencia Agropecuarias, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Palmira, Colombia. Escobar, L. K. A. de. 1 986. Hibridacion de la curuba. In Resumenes del Seminario Recursos Vegetales Promisorios. Facultad de Agronomy, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Medellin. 2 pp. Escobar, L.K.A. de. 1987. A taxonomic revision of the varieties of Passiflora cumbalensis (Passifloraceae). Systematic Botany 12(2):238-250. Escobar, L.K.A. de. 1988. Passifloraceae Passifiora, subgeneros: Tacsonia, Rathea, Manicata y Distephana. Monograph No. 10 in P. Pinto and G. Lozanos, eds., Flora de Colombia. Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogota. Fouque, A. 1972. Especes fruitieres d'Amerique tropicale: genre Passiflora. Fruits 27(5):368-382. Knight, R.J., Jr. 1969. Edible-fruited passionvines in Florida: the history and possibilities. Proceedings of the American Society for Horticultural Science (Tropical Region) 13:265-274. Martin, F.W. and H.Y. Nakasone. 1970. The edible species of Passiflora. Economic Botany 24(3):333-343. Popenoe, 1924. (See above under Fruits.) Programa Interciencias de Recursos Biologicos (PIRB). 1986. Recursos Biologicos Nuevos. Bolet~n Informativo No. 03. 12 pp. (This issue is devoted mostly to the curuba. Copies are available from Editores Bolet~n PIRB, Apartado Aereo 51580, Bogota 2.) Schoeniger, G. 1988. La Curuba; Tecnicas para el Mejoramiento de su Cultivo. Fondo Colombiano de Investigaciones Cientificas y Proyectos Especiales "Francisco Jose de Caldas" (COLCIEN- CIAS) and Editora Guadalupe Ltda. (Apartado Aereo 29765), Bogota. Schultes, R.E. 1986. Algunos apuntes botanicos sobre Passiflora cu/uba. Pages 253-255 in Mesa Redonda de la Red Latino-Americana de la Industria de Frutas Tropicales, II. Federaci6n Nacional de Cafeteros y Oficina Regional de la Foro pare America Latina y el Caribe, Bogota. Whittaker, D.E. 1974. Passion fruit: agronomy, processing and marketing. T,opical Science 14:59-77. Pepino Burge, G.K. 1982. Pepinos: fruit set. New Zealand Commercial Grower 37(8):33. Corporacion de Fomento de la Produccion. 1982. Cultivo del Pepino Dulce: Antecedentes, Agron- omicos, Econd micos. AA 82/34. Corporacion de Fomento de la Produccion, Gerencia de Desarrollo, Faculdad de Agronom~a de la Pontificia Universidad Cat61ica de Chile, Santiago. Dawes, S.N. 1984. Pepino breeding and selection. The Orchardist of Nen' Zealand 58(5):172. Dawes and Pringle, 1983. (See above under Fruits.) Dennis, D.J., G.K. Burge, and R. Lill. 1985. Pepino Cultural Techniques: An Introduction. Aglink Horticultural Produce and Practice No. 208. 2 pp. (Pamphlet available from Ministry of Agriculture and Fisheries Information Services, Private Bag, Wellington, New Zealand.) Heiser, C.B. 1964. Origin and variability of the pepino (Solanum muricatum): a preliminary report. Baileya 12:151-158. Heiser, C.B. 1985a. Green "tomatoes" and purple "cucumbers." Pages 128-141 in Heiser, 1985a. (See above under Fruits.) Hermann, M. 1988. Beitrage zur Okologie der Frucht- und Ertragshildung von Solanum muricatum Ait. (Contributions to the ecology of fruit- and yield-increase of S. muricatum Ait.). Doctor of Agricultural Science dissertation, Technical University of Berlin, West Germany. 156 pp. (Extensive bibliography.) Lizana, L.A. and B. Levano. 1977. Caracterisacion y comportamiento del pepino dulce, Solanum muricatum. Proceedings of the American Society for Horticultural Science (Tropical Region) 21:11-15. Morley-Bunker, M.J.S. n.d. Pepino Growing in Canterbury. Pepino Project, Horticulture Department, Lincoln College, Christchurch, New Zealand. 19 pp. (Copies available from author; see Research Contacts.) Morley-Bunker, M.J.S. 1983. A new commercial crop, the pepino (Solanum muricatum Ait) and suggestions for further development. Royal New Zealand Institute of Horticulture An'`ual Journal 1 1 :~-19.

342 LOST CROPS OF THE INCAS Seidel, H. 1974. Erfahrungen mit dem Anbau von Solanum muricatum in Sudspanien (Experiences with cropping of Solanum muricatum in Southern Spain). Tropenlanwirt 75(5):24-30. Tamarillo (Tree Tomato) Bilton, J. 1986. Tamarillo Cookbook. 64 pp. (Available from Irvine Holt, P.O. Box 28019, Auckland 5, New Zealand.) Bobs, L. 1986. The Biology and Taxonomy of Cyphomandra (Solanaceae). Ph.D. dissertation, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts. Bobs, L. 1989. The ethnobotany of the Cyphomandra. Economic Botany 43(2). Carnevali, A. 1976. Il tamarillo: una planta da trutto coltivabile nella regione degli agrumi (The tamarillo: a fruit crop that can be grown in citrus regions). Italia Agricola 113:96-99. Dadlani, S.A. and K.P.S. Chandal. 1970. The little grown tree tomato. Indian Horticulture 14(2): 13-14. Dawes and Pringle, 1983. (See above under Fruits.) Fletcher, W.A. 1979. Growing Tamarillos. Ministry of Agriculture and Fisheries Bulletin No. 307. Wellington, New Zealand. Morton, J.F. 1982. The tree tomato, or "tamarillo," a fast-growing early-fruiting small tree for subtropical climates. Proceedings of the Florida State Horticultural Society 95:81-85. Orihuela, M. n.d. Tomate Andino; Manual Practico para su Cultivo y Uso. Centro de Estudios Rurales Andinos "Bartolome de las Casas," Horacio Urteaga 452, JesCs Maria, Lima 11. 18 pp. Sale, P.R. 1983a. Tamarillos: General Requirements, Varieties, and Propagation for Commercial Production. Aglink Horticultural Produce and Practice No. 296. (Pamphlet available from Ministry of Agriculture and Fisheries Media Services, Private Bag, Wellington, New Zealand.) Sale, P.R. 1983b. Tamarillos: Orchard Management, Planting, Training, Pruning, Nutrition, Harvesting. Aglink Horticultural Produce and Practice No. 297. (Available as above.) Sale, P.R. 1984. Tamarillos; Pests and Diseases. Aglink Horticultural Produce and Practice No. 298. (Available as above.) NtITS Quito Palm Barry, B., Jr. 1960. The Ecuadorian relative of the Chilean wine palm. Principes 4:146-148. Balslev, H. and A. Barfod. 1987. Ecuadorian palms—an overview. Opera Botanica 92:17-35. Cardenas, M. 1970. Palm forests of the Bolivian high Andes. Principes 14:50-54. Fullington, J.C. 1987. Parajubaea—an unsurpassed palm for cool, mild areas. Principes 31(4):172-176. (Reprints available from author; see Research Contacts.) Moore, H.E. 1970. Palm brief: Parajubaea cocoides. Principes 14:27. Moraes R., M. and A. Henderson. In press. The genus Parajubaea (Palmae). Mimeo. 13 pp. (For information on availability, contact the authors; see Research Contacts.) Walnuts Endt, R. 1988. A Walnut from the New World Juglans neotropica, a Notable New Introduction for New Zealand. Mimeo. 2 pp. (Copies available from author; see Research Contacts.) Manning, W.E. 1960. The genus Juglans in South America and the West Indies. Brittonia 12:1-26. Pretell C., J., D. Ocana V., R. Jon L., and E. Barahona C. 1985. Nogal. Pages 77-82 in Apuntes Sobre Algunas Especies Forestales Natives de la Sierra Peruana. Proyecto FAO/Holanda/INFOR (GCP/PER/027/NET), Lima, Peru.

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This fascinating, readable volume is filled with enticing, detailed information about more than 30 different Incan crops that promise to follow the potato's lead and become important contributors to the world's food supply. Some of these overlooked foods offer special advantages for developing nations, such as high nutritional quality and excellent yields. Many are adaptable to areas of the United States.

Lost Crops of the Incas includes vivid color photographs of many of the crops and describes the authors' experiences in growing, tasting, and preparing them in different ways. This book is for the gourmet and gourmand alike, as well as gardeners, botanists, farmers, and agricultural specialists in developing countries.

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