National Academies Press: OpenBook
Page i
Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2008. Quarantine Facilities for Arriving Air Travelers: Identification of Planning Needs and Costs. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13989.
×
Page R1
Page ii
Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2008. Quarantine Facilities for Arriving Air Travelers: Identification of Planning Needs and Costs. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13989.
×
Page R2
Page iii
Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2008. Quarantine Facilities for Arriving Air Travelers: Identification of Planning Needs and Costs. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13989.
×
Page R3
Page iv
Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2008. Quarantine Facilities for Arriving Air Travelers: Identification of Planning Needs and Costs. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13989.
×
Page R4
Page v
Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2008. Quarantine Facilities for Arriving Air Travelers: Identification of Planning Needs and Costs. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13989.
×
Page R5
Page vi
Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2008. Quarantine Facilities for Arriving Air Travelers: Identification of Planning Needs and Costs. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13989.
×
Page R6
Page vii
Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2008. Quarantine Facilities for Arriving Air Travelers: Identification of Planning Needs and Costs. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13989.
×
Page R7

Below is the uncorrected machine-read text of this chapter, intended to provide our own search engines and external engines with highly rich, chapter-representative searchable text of each book. Because it is UNCORRECTED material, please consider the following text as a useful but insufficient proxy for the authoritative book pages.

TRANSPORTAT ION RESEARCH BOARD WASHINGTON, D.C. 2008 www.TRB.org A I R P O R T C O O P E R A T I V E R E S E A R C H P R O G R A M ACRP REPORT 5 Research sponsored by the Federal Aviation Administration Subject Areas Planning and Administration • Safety and Human Performance • Aviation • Security Quarantine Facilities for Arriving Air Travelers: Identification of Planning Needs and Costs Hollis Stambaugh Daryl Sensenig TRIDATA, A DIVISION OF SYSTEM PLANNING CORPORATION Arlington, VA W I T H Rocco Casagrande GRYPHON SCIENTIFIC Takoma Park, MD Shania Flagg TRIDATA, A DIVISION OF SYSTEM PLANNING CORPORATION Arlington, VA Bruce Gerrity SYSTEM PLANNING CORPORATION Arlington, VA

AIRPORT COOPERATIVE RESEARCH PROGRAM Airports are vital national resources. They serve a key role in trans- portation of people and goods and in regional, national, and inter- national commerce. They are where the nation’s aviation system connects with other modes of transportation and where federal respon- sibility for managing and regulating air traffic operations intersects with the role of state and local governments that own and operate most airports. Research is necessary to solve common operating problems, to adapt appropriate new technologies from other industries, and to introduce innovations into the airport industry. The Airport Coopera- tive Research Program (ACRP) serves as one of the principal means by which the airport industry can develop innovative near-term solutions to meet demands placed on it. The need for ACRP was identified in TRB Special Report 272: Airport Research Needs: Cooperative Solutions in 2003, based on a study spon- sored by the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA). The ACRP carries out applied research on problems that are shared by airport operating agencies and are not being adequately addressed by existing federal research programs. It is modeled after the successful National Coopera- tive Highway Research Program and Transit Cooperative Research Pro- gram. The ACRP undertakes research and other technical activities in a variety of airport subject areas, including design, construction, mainte- nance, operations, safety, security, policy, planning, human resources, and administration. The ACRP provides a forum where airport opera- tors can cooperatively address common operational problems. The ACRP was authorized in December 2003 as part of the Vision 100-Century of Aviation Reauthorization Act. The primary partici- pants in the ACRP are (1) an independent governing board, the ACRP Oversight Committee (AOC), appointed by the Secretary of the U.S. Department of Transportation with representation from airport oper- ating agencies, other stakeholders, and relevant industry organizations such as the Airports Council International-North America (ACI-NA), the American Association of Airport Executives (AAAE), the National Association of State Aviation Officials (NASAO), and the Air Transport Association (ATA) as vital links to the airport community; (2) the TRB as program manager and secretariat for the governing board; and (3) the FAA as program sponsor. In October 2005, the FAA executed a contract with the National Academies formally initiating the program. The ACRP benefits from the cooperation and participation of airport professionals, air carriers, shippers, state and local government officials, equipment and service suppliers, other airport users, and research orga- nizations. Each of these participants has different interests and respon- sibilities, and each is an integral part of this cooperative research effort. Research problem statements for the ACRP are solicited periodically but may be submitted to the TRB by anyone at any time. It is the responsibility of the AOC to formulate the research program by iden- tifying the highest priority projects and defining funding levels and expected products. Once selected, each ACRP project is assigned to an expert panel, appointed by the TRB. Panels include experienced practitioners and research specialists; heavy emphasis is placed on including airport pro- fessionals, the intended users of the research products. The panels pre- pare project statements (requests for proposals), select contractors, and provide technical guidance and counsel throughout the life of the project. The process for developing research problem statements and selecting research agencies has been used by TRB in managing cooper- ative research programs since 1962. As in other TRB activities, ACRP project panels serve voluntarily without compensation. Primary emphasis is placed on disseminating ACRP results to the intended end-users of the research: airport operating agencies, service providers, and suppliers. The ACRP produces a series of research reports for use by airport operators, local agencies, the FAA, and other interested parties, and industry associations may arrange for work- shops, training aids, field visits, and other activities to ensure that results are implemented by airport-industry practitioners. ACRP REPORT 5 Project 11-02/Task 5 ISSN 1935-9802 ISBN: 978-0-309-09940-0 Library of Congress Control Number 2008904485 © 2008 Transportation Research Board COPYRIGHT PERMISSION Authors herein are responsible for the authenticity of their materials and for obtaining written permissions from publishers or persons who own the copyright to any previously published or copyrighted material used herein. Cooperative Research Programs (CRP) grants permission to reproduce material in this publication for classroom and not-for-profit purposes. Permission is given with the understanding that none of the material will be used to imply TRB or FAA endorsement of a particular product, method, or practice. It is expected that those reproducing the material in this document for educational and not-for-profit uses will give appropriate acknowledgment of the source of any reprinted or reproduced material. For other uses of the material, request permission from CRP. NOTICE The project that is the subject of this report was a part of the Airport Cooperative Research Program conducted by the Transportation Research Board with the approval of the Governing Board of the National Research Council. Such approval reflects the Governing Board’s judgment that the project concerned is appropriate with respect to both the purposes and resources of the National Research Council. The members of the technical advisory panel selected to monitor this project and to review this report were chosen for recognized scholarly competence and with due consideration for the balance of disciplines appropriate to the project. The opinions and conclusions expressed or implied are those of the research agency that performed the research, and while they have been accepted as appropriate by the technical panel, they are not necessarily those of the Transportation Research Board, the National Research Council, or the Federal Aviation Administration of the U.S. Department of Transportation. Each report is reviewed and accepted for publication by the technical panel according to procedures established and monitored by the Transportation Research Board Executive Committee and the Governing Board of the National Research Council. The Transportation Research Board of the National Academies, the National Research Council, and the Federal Aviation Administration (sponsor of the Airport Cooperative Research Program) do not endorse products or manufacturers. Trade or manufacturers’ names appear herein solely because they are considered essential to the clarity and completeness of the project reporting. Published reports of the AIRPORT COOPERATIVE RESEARCH PROGRAM are available from: Transportation Research Board Business Office 500 Fifth Street, NW Washington, DC 20001 and can be ordered through the Internet at http://www.national-academies.org/trb/bookstore Printed in the United States of America

CRP STAFF FOR ACRP REPORT 5 Christopher W. Jenks, Director, Cooperative Research Programs Crawford F. Jencks, Deputy Director, Cooperative Research Programs S.A. Parker, Senior Program Officer Eileen P. Delaney, Director of Publications Maria Sabin Crawford, Assistant Editor ACRP PROJECT 11-02/TASK 5 PANEL Field of Special Projects Robert P. Olislagers, Arapahoe County (CO) Public Airport Authority, Englewood, CO (Chair) H. Norman Abramson, Southwest Research Institute, San Antonio, TX (retired) Dave Cardenas, Los Angeles World Airports, Los Angeles, CA K. Scott Kimerer, City of Burien, Burien, WA Mike Mandella, Port of Seattle Fire Department, Seattle, WA Julie Raines, Northern Kentucky University, Highland Heights, KY Gina C. Wesley, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY Paul L. Friedman, FAA Liaison Katherine Andrus, Air Transport Association of America Liaison John V. Barson, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Liaison Joseph Lafornara, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Liaison Richard Marchi, Airports Council International-North America Liaison Joedy W. Cambridge, TRB Liaison Christine Gerencher, TRB Liaison C O O P E R A T I V E R E S E A R C H P R O G R A M S

ACRP Report 5: Quarantine Facilities for Arriving Air Travelers: Identification of Planning Needs and Costs, discusses facility issues, security considerations, and estimated costs (includ- ing operating costs) that would need to be considered by airport operators and policymakers in planning for the potential quarantine of arriving air travelers. The physical requirements of setting up a quarantine area are established along with an estimation of the costs for opera- tions and then for recovery. Planning considerations for the diverse needs of a population of 200 travelers are incorporated as part of the standard of care addressed in this report. This report presents the results of a study of the costs and considerations for establishing a quarantine facility at a U.S. international airport. The laws that govern quarantine and the nine diseases for which the federal government can order quarantine are addressed, along with examples of symptoms and incubation times. The physical requirements of space, pri- vacy, communications, food, water, and sanitary conditions are discussed. Operational con- siderations are described in the form of a standard of care to illustrate many of the issues that could develop if a diverse group of travelers was required to live together in close prox- imity under medical surveillance. Finally, estimates of the costs for an airport to establish a facility for quarantining up to 200 people for a maximum of 2 weeks are itemized. Quarantine laws have a long history in the United States; in 1796, the 4th Congress passed legislation authorizing the executive branch to provide assistance to states in enforcing state health laws. Federal, state, and local governments all have the power to order and enforce quarantines. The Public Health Service Act of 1944, as amended (codified at 42USC201) authorizes the “apprehension, detention, or conditional release of individuals” for the pur- pose of preventing the introduction, transmission, or spread of communicable diseases specified by Executive Orders of the President. Under Executive Order 13295, Revised List of Quarantinable Communicable Diseases (issued April 4, 2003), the federal government can declare quarantine for persons suspected of being ill with the following diseases: (1) cholera, (2) diphtheria, (3) infectious tuberculosis, (4) plague, (5) smallpox, (6) yellow fever, (7) viral hemorrhagic fevers, (8) SARS (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome), and (9) influenza, from a novel or re-emergent source. The Tri-Data (a division of System Planning Corporation) Center for Public Protection prepared this report for TRB under ACRP Project 11-02/Task 5. ACRP has the following related works in progress: • ACRP Project 05-01, “Regionally-Coordinated Airport Emergency Plans for CBRNE (Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear, and Explosive) Events,” and F O R E W O R D By S.A. Parker Staff Officer Transportation Research Board

• ACRP Project 04-04, “Exercising Command-Level Decision Making for Critical Incidents at Airports.” Readers are advised to access capsule descriptions and links to a variety of emergency management, infrastructure protection, and security-related items published by TRB at www.TRB.org/SecurityPubs.

C O N T E N T S 1 Summary 2 Chapter 1 Background 2 Introduction 2 What is Quarantine? 2 Laws Related to Quarantine 3 Federal Quarantine Stations 4 Role of State and Local Health Departments 5 Chapter 2 Phases of Quarantine 5 Phase 1. Decision to Quarantine 6 Phase 2. Establishment of Quarantine 6 Phase 3. Quarantine Operations 6 Phase 4. Demobilization 7 Phase 5. Recovery 8 Chapter 3 Planning Considerations for Airport Quarantine 8 Location 9 Accommodations 10 Supplies 10 Staffing 11 Services 12 Clean-Up and Disinfection (Post-Quarantine) 13 Chapter 4 Estimated Costs 13 Stand-By Costs 13 Activation Costs 13 Operational Costs 13 Recovery Costs 18 Annotated Bibliography 20 Appendix A CDC Disease Quarantines 23 Appendix B CDC Quarantine Station Jurisdictions and Contact Information

Next: Summary »
Quarantine Facilities for Arriving Air Travelers: Identification of Planning Needs and Costs Get This Book
×
MyNAP members save 10% online.
Login or Register to save!
Download Free PDF

TRB’s Airport Cooperative Research Program (ACRP) Report 5: Quarantine Facilities for Arriving Air Travelers: Identification of Planning Needs and Costs explores facility issues, security considerations, and estimated costs (including operating costs) that airport operators and policymakers may want to consider when planning for the potential quarantine of arriving air travelers.

  1. ×

    Welcome to OpenBook!

    You're looking at OpenBook, NAP.edu's online reading room since 1999. Based on feedback from you, our users, we've made some improvements that make it easier than ever to read thousands of publications on our website.

    Do you want to take a quick tour of the OpenBook's features?

    No Thanks Take a Tour »
  2. ×

    Show this book's table of contents, where you can jump to any chapter by name.

    « Back Next »
  3. ×

    ...or use these buttons to go back to the previous chapter or skip to the next one.

    « Back Next »
  4. ×

    Jump up to the previous page or down to the next one. Also, you can type in a page number and press Enter to go directly to that page in the book.

    « Back Next »
  5. ×

    To search the entire text of this book, type in your search term here and press Enter.

    « Back Next »
  6. ×

    Share a link to this book page on your preferred social network or via email.

    « Back Next »
  7. ×

    View our suggested citation for this chapter.

    « Back Next »
  8. ×

    Ready to take your reading offline? Click here to buy this book in print or download it as a free PDF, if available.

    « Back Next »
Stay Connected!