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OCR for page 9
FUTURE STRATEGIES
All national research systems face a common set of challenges, according to the symposium
discussions. How nations respond to these challenges will determine in large measure the
purposes, priorities, and organization of their research systems in the 21st century. These
challenges include:
Talent Renewal. The ability of each nation to sustain adequate numbers of talented
scientific and engineering personnel is of paramount importance. Within some nations, a
declining college-age population generates pressures to increase student interest in science and
engineering. The growing ethnic diversity of some national populations generates pressures
to broaden participation in scientific and technological research careers.
Rapid Adaptation. As more nations develop research capacity, rapid adaptability becomes
crucial to success in scientific research. Each nation will be increasingly pressured to adjust
its research priorities and programs to reflect dynamic worldwide changes in scientific fields.
Open Communication. Within the new global information environment, the unimpeded flow
of scientific information will be crucial to maintaining an accelerated pace in the
advancement of scientific fields. National political or economic policies that restrict such
information flow will reduce that nation's ability to compete scientifically.
University Autonomy. As cooperative, applied research activity increases among university,
industrial, and governmental laboratories, the continued ability of university-based
investigators to explore "non-directed" research avenues becomes ever more important to
scientific advancement.
Economic Relevance. As world economic competition intensifies, pressures mount to
integrate research policies and priorities within broader national economic strategies. While
competitive strategies may result in greater financial resources for research, these strategies
may also include restrictive national collaborative research efforts among national industries,
universities, and governments, as well as selective delays or prohibitions on the international
dissemination of commercially strategic scientific information.
Problem Application. All nations are confronted with urgent social, health, and
environmental problems. To the extent that scientific and technological research programs
contribute to the solution of these problems, public support for research will continue. The
expansion of research for problem-solving will most likely promote larger-scale and more
multidisciplinary research organizations.
Strategic Investment. With the growing costs of research and the shifting balance of
international economic and scientific strength, the ability of any one nation to maintain
preeminence in all research fields is doubtful. In the future, nations may have to target for
preeminence those research areas in which they have a vital strategic interest or comparative
advantage, pursue collaborative international research relationships in selected fields, and
import from abroad the frontier scientific or technological knowledge developed within
remaining fields.
9
OCR for page 10
Representative terms from entire chapter:
scientific fields
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