Below are the first 10 and last 10 pages of uncorrected machine-read text (when available) of this chapter, followed by the top 30 algorithmically extracted key phrases from the chapter as a whole.
Intended to provide our own search engines and external engines with highly rich, chapter-representative searchable text on the opening pages of each chapter.
Because it is UNCORRECTED material, please consider the following text as a useful but insufficient proxy for the authoritative book pages.
Do not use for reproduction, copying, pasting, or reading; exclusively for search engines.
OCR for page 48
OCR for page 49
ERIC GLENDINNING BALL
July 12, 1904-September 4, 1979
BY JOHN M. BUCHANAN AND A. BAIRD HASTINGS
DWRING HIS SEVENTY-FIVE YEARS, Eric Glendinning
Ball witnessed and participated in the maturation of bio-
chemistry as a major biological science in the United States.
As a graduate student in chemistry he applied his analytical
skills to the estimation of the chloride content of blooc! and
serum. As a postdoctoral fellow and young instructor, he
turned his attention to oxidation-recluction potentials of var-
ious naturally occurring organic systems. When enzymes
were recognized as proteins susceptible to isolation and pu-
rification as indiviclual entities, he measured the potentials of
several biological oxiciation-reduction systems, notably those
of the cytochromes and xanthine oxiciase. Eric consiclered
his research in this area his most important contribution to
science. Yet his work cluring the war years on the cultivation
of the malaria parasite in vitro, and his postwar ventures into
the study of the role of hormones in the synthesis of lipids
by fat pads of the rat were equally significant, reflecting his
application of biochemistry to problems in cell physiology.
Like many another biochemist, Eric transformed himself
from chemist to biologist as the application of chemical meth-
ocIs to emerging areas of biology became possible.
Eric was born on July 12, 1904, in Coventry, England, the
first of two children of Nellie Glendinning and Charles
49
OCR for page 50
50
BIOGRAPHICAL MEMOIRS
Sturges Ball. A sister, Margaret, completed the Ball family
seven years later. Eric emigrated to this country with his par-
ents at the age of ten months. His father, Charles, had en-
tered the ministry in the Wesleyan Methodist Church in En-
gland and remained affiliated with the Methodist Church
following his arrival in the United States. During the next
eight or nine years, however, Charles Ball studied at vari-
ous divinity schools in this country. His religious viewpoint
changed during this time, and he became a Congregation-
alist. Later, at the age of fifty, he joined the Episcopal Church
and began a new career of teaching and preaching.
Charles Ball served in turn on the faculties of Coucher
College and the divinity schools at Gambier, Ohio, and A1-
exandria, Virginia. Thus, as is frequently the case in minis-
terial families, Eric experienced a constant change of habi-
tation and environment. After successive moves from New
Rochelle, New York, to Bridgeport, Connecticut, followed by
short stays in New Haven and Kensington, Connecticut, the
Ball family returned to England for a year. It was here, at
age seven, that Eric first experienced some measure of in-
dependence from family supervision and began to follow his
bent for exploring the English countryside and drawing, in
precise detail, various natural objects such as leaves and flow-
ers. He was to continue to enjoy outdoor life and the thrill
of following a new trail for the remainder of his life. Un-
doubtedly, with maturity, these new trails became scientific
ones.
Upon returning to the United States, the Ball family lived
for a while in Stony Creek, Connecticut, and then moved to
Lansford, Pennsylvania, in the heart of the anthracite coal-
mining district. Finally, in the fall of 1917, the family moved
to Baltimore where Eric entered Baltimore City College. Ap-
parently he was a lackluster student in high school, possibly
because of a lack of inspiration or motivation. Undoubtedly
OCR for page 51
ERIC GLENDINNING BALL
5
his life must have been greatly influenced by the prolonged
illness of his mother, who died in 1919.
It was a course in chemistry, taken as a requirement tor
graduation from high school, that directed his interest to the
sciences and led to his enrollment in Haverford College as a
chemistry major. Although achievement in his studies was at
first difficult because of insufficient background, Eric grad-
ually gained strength academically and demonstrated his
true scholastic caliber during his senior year, when he com-
piled the highest grades of his college career. At the same
time, he earned letters in soccer and track and was manager
of the basketball team. This reversal of form won for him,
on graduation in 1925, the Scholarship Improvement Prize
and a Clementine Cope fellowship to carry on graduate work
at Haverford the following year. His thesis work for the mas-
ter's degree at Haverford was concerned with the melting
points of mixtures of sodium sulfate and sodium chromate.
Although the results of these experiments never reached
publication, the year's work gave Eric the experience he
needed to launch a career of research in science.
Although he had planned to continue graduate work for
his doctorate, possibly in physical chemistry, following award
of his master's degree, Eric took a job in a paper factory to
replenish his financial resources. At this point, an opportu-
nity arose that altered his entire career. D. Wright Wilson,
head of the Department of Physiological Chemistry at the
University of Pennsylvania, offered Eric a position as a re-
search assistant. Eric attributed this stroke of good luck to a
friendship between the Wilson family and his father, who had
performed the marriage ceremony for Wright and Helene
Connett some years earlier. At closer inspection, however, it
appears that other, more personal circumstances may have
been responsible for this joining of Eric's fortunes to those
of the Wilson family. Helene's younger sister, Edith Connett,
OCR for page 52
52
BIOGRAPHICAL MEMOIRS
had introducec! her friend Grace Snavely to Eric while he was
a master's candidate at HaverforcI. A courtship ensued that
resultec! in their marriage on September 10, 1927.
By this time, Eric tract registered as a graduate student in
the Department of Physiological Chemistry and was well on
his way to completing his doctoral dissertation under Wright
Wilson. The results of his work, "A Study of the Estimation
of Chloride in Blooct and Serum," were published in 1928 in
the Journal of Biological Chemistry. A subsequent piece of re-
search was publishect in abstract form during the following
year in the American Journal of Physiology, and later in the iour-
nall of Biolog7call Chemistry ~ ~ 9301. It clescribed the composition
of pancreatic juice ant! blooct serum as influenced by the in-
jection of inorganic salts. Although the character of his re-
search was to change markedly in subsequent years, Eric did
return to his first interest in physiological chemistry with
publications in 1936 and 1941. The latter research, which
used "C-bicarbonate, was one of the first projects undertaken
after his arrival at Harvard Medical School as a newly ap-
pointecl assistant professor of biochemistry.
Although his Ph.D. was formally awarded in 1930, Eric
hac! been granted a National Research Council fellowship in
1929 to work with W. Mansfield Clark in the Department of
Physiological Chemistry at The Johns Hopkins University. An
earlier interest in physical chemistry had been stimulated by
lames C. Andrews at Pennsylvania. Andrews was himself a
physical chemist, and he had organizer! a seminar for a hanct-
fu! of graduate students on the application of oxiciation-
recluction potentials to biological systems. Through this sem-
inar, Eric became acquainted with CIark's work on the deter-
mination of the hydrogen ion concentration and his first ten
papers on oxidation-rectuction studies.
After a year in Baltimore, Eric planned to spend a year
with Otto Warburg at the Institut fur Zell Physiologie in
OCR for page 53
ERIC GLENDINNING BALL
53
Berlin-DahIem, Germany. Dr. Warburg was undoubtecIly the
worId's leading expert on the enzymes of biological oxicia-
tion-reduction systems, and further training in this excep-
tional laboratory would have prepared Eric for his ultimate
goal of applying his training as a physical chemist to these
enzyme systems. Nevertheless, this projected year in Ger-
many was postponed for seven years because of an offer from
Hopkins of an instructorship—an exceptional opportunity,
particularly at that time when the country was slipping into
one of its most prolonger! depressions. Thus, from 1930 to
1937, Eric investigates] the oxidation-reduction potentials of
a number of biologically important materials including acI-
renaline, ascorbic acid, echinochrome, phthioco} (the pig-
ment of the human tubercle bacillus), lapacol, lomatiol, and
various other hydroxynaphthoquinones.
Early in his academic career, Eric established a lasting con-
nection with the Marine Biological Station at Woocts Hole,
Massachusetts. As his bibliography reveals, many of his re-
search projects, presumably accomplishecl during the sum-
mer months, were concerned! with marine biological procI-
ucts. During the summer of 1931, he became interested in
the report that isotonic solutions of sodium chloride from
certain sources caused hemolysis of fish rec! blooc! cells. Since
isotonic saline was used extensively in biological research,
particularly with marine organisms, it was imperative that the
identity of this hemolytic factor be established. The results
of an example of his remarkable "scientific sleuthing" were
presented at the April meeting of the American Society of
Biological Chemistry in 1932. One of us (A.B.H.) was fortu-
nate enough to be present in the audience and gained a first-
hand impression of a systematic and logical analysis of the
problem and of the speaker himself. (Improbably, the factor
turned out to be silver ions, which were inadvertently sup-
plied from silver-coated vessels used in the processing of so-
OCR for page 54
54
BIOGRAPHICAL MEMOIRS
dium chloride in some instances. At this trace concentration
of silver ions, the solubility product of silver chloride is not
exceecled.)
These summers at Woods Hole ultimately led to Eric's
election as a trustee of the Marine Biological Laboratory in
1942 and, for a term (1953-1958), of the Woods Hole Ocean-
ographic Institute. The Balls also establisher! a beautiful sum-
mer home in Woods Hole overlooking Nantucket Sound.
During his tenure at Johns Hopkins only one of his sev-
eral papers appeared in collaboration with Clark. This was
due in part to CIark's paternal relationship to his younger
faculty and his wish that they receive full recognition for their
accomplishments. One amusing incident in this regard (le-
serves recording. In one of Eric's studies, a rather com-
plicate(1 apparatus was required. As an expert glassblower,
Clark hac! spent consiclerable time in its construction, and
Eric felt that his name should appear as a collaborator. As
was the custom at that time, papers were usually channeled
through the department heac! for submission for publication.
Without Eric's knowledge, Clark removed his own name and
instead appended the phrase, "with the technical assistance
of W. Mansfield! Clark." This may well be the only instance on
record! when a department heat} served as the technical as-
. . · · .
secant ot Donor Instructor.
At last, in 1937, with a grant front the Guggenheim Me-
morial Founclation, the Balls spent an exciting, stimulating
year in Berlin-DahIem in Warburg's laboratory. The contrast
oetween the scenic atmosphere ana approach to research
. . .. . .. ~ . . .
prevalent in the United States and that in Germany at the
time was very evident, particularly in Warburg's laboratory.
Europe was then the center of the rapidly developing disci-
plines of biochemistry and enzymology. Asicle from Warburg,
Eric had also met and admirecl Hugo Theorell, who two years
previously had spent a sabbatical year in Berlin-DahIem
OCR for page 55
ERIC GLENDINNING BALL
55
where he hac! purified cytochrome C anc! demonstrated that
flavin is the cofactor of D-amino acic! oxidase. Other current
European luminaries were Richarc! Kuhn, Hans von Euler,
Richard WilIstatter, and Otto Meyerhof.
The central research focus at that time was the under-
stancling of the enzymatic processes of physiological oxi(la-
tion-reduction systems, as well as those of fermentation anct
glycolysis. Considering the depth of scientific and intellectual
richness in the Europe of that time, Eric must have felt a
certain degree of pricle in his own contribution to research
in this area. During his sabbatical leave, he was able to isolate
anal purify xanthine oxiclase and demonstrate that it con-
tainec! flavin as a cofactor. In adclition, within a remarkably
short time, he measured the oxidation-reduction potentials
of three known components of the cytochrome system. This
piece of work was an important contribution to our under-
stancling of the pattern of electron flow within the biological
oxidation system. In recognition of these achievements, Eric
received the 1940 Eli Lilly Award in Biochemistry from the
American Chemical Society. In 194S, he was awardecl an hon-
orary doctoral degree from his alma matter, Haverford Col-
lege. In conferring the degree, Haverforcl's president cited
Eric as "a conscientious ant] values! teacher of biological
chemistry, a productive scientist whose research has pio-
neerec] new frontiers of chemistry and medicine."
In retrospect, it seems particularly appropriate that Eric
should have been recognized for both his contribution to re-
search and teaching. On his return to Hopkins in 1938 as war
clouds gathered over Europe, Eric received an invitation
from one of us (A.B.H.) to join the faculty of the Department
of Biological Chemistry at Harvard Meclical School as an as-
sistant professor, with the stipulation of promotion to asso-
ciate professor within a year. Arriving at Harvard in the fall
of 1940, Eric had barely enough time to establish his labo-
OCR for page 56
56
BIOGRAPHICAL MEMOIRS
ratory and continue his work on the cytochrome system when
the United States entered the war in December 1941.
With the involvement of the department head (A.B.H.) in
the Committee on Medical Research in Washington, Eric be-
came acting React of the department in 1943, a position he
held for three years. Simultaneously, he undertook respon-
sibility for two new studies: first for a research project on
mustard gases and later for a study involving the cultivation
of the malaria parasite in vitro. During this latter period, Eric
also served as secretary of the Pane! on Biochemistry of Anti-
malarials, and in this capacity he joined the horde of war-
time commuters to Washington, D.C. For this work he was
awarded a certificate of merit by the U.S. government and
the Orclem flu Cruzero do Su! by the government of Brazil.
At the conclusion of the war, there was an extensive ex-
pansion of mectical research and teaching facilities. Eric was
approached to head the Department of Biochemistry at
Western Reserve Medical School with the charge of clevel-
oping a new medical curriculum that integrated the preclin-
ical medical sciences. He refused the offer, but since this new
approach to medical education was attractive to him, Presi-
dent Conant of Harvard University proposed that Eric
develop a comparable program for graduate students as
chairman of the Division of Medical Sciences. Conant also
profferer! the further possibility that such a newly developect
curriculum would be extended to medical students in their
preclinical years. With this new responsibility, Eric was pro-
moted to the rank of full professor in 1946. Sixteen years
later, in 1962, he became the Edwarc! S. Wood Professor of
Biological Chemistry.
Between 1946 and 1952, a great effort was made to design
a new approach to teaching the premedical sciences, to raise
money for the program, and to attract a number of excellent
graduate students to Harvard Medical School. The fall of
OCR for page 57
ERIC GLENDINNING BALL
57
1952, when Eric assumer! the chairmanship of the Division
of Medical Sciences, saw the attainment of many of his goals.
The total enrollment of graduate students in the division tract
risen from about five to nearly fifty. Some $17,000 was avail-
able annually for fellowships, and a new integrated course
was inaugurated with the aid of a grant from the Common-
wealth Fund for $200,000 for a three-year period. Among
other things, this program fulfilled an urgent need for many
returning veterans who were establishing their roots in the
academic community. Uncloubtedly, Eric considerect his role
in this program as one of his major contributions, not only
to Harvard but also to the national educational effort in the
medical sciences.
The flow of excellent graduate students into the Division
of Medical Sciences was reflectec! in the significant number
of those who elected to carry out their graduate research with
Eric, who was himself undergoing a change in his research
interests. By the 1950s, many of the basic biochemical reac-
tions of cellular metabolism had been discovered, and there
was a growing inclination to study the regulation of metab-
olism in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cell systems. In view
of his longstancling interest in oxiciative-recluctive reactions,
it was not surprising that Eric wouIct choose to study lipid
synthesis in the interscapular brown adipose tissue of the rat
and in epi(liclymal fat pads. This biosynthetic reaction re-
quires the utilization of both reduced triphosphopyridine
nucleoticle and aclenosine triphosphate (ATP). In viva, the
synthesis is uncler hormonal control.
Of particular importance was the discovery by his group of the antilipolytic
action of insulin in 1962 and his quantitative determination of the flow of
carbon atoms through the major pathways of carbohydrate and fat metab-
olism in 1964. His discovery in 1966 that lipogenesis from glucose was
limited in its maximum rate, not by the catalytic activity of any of the
enzymes involved in the process, but by the amount of ATE produced as
OCR for page 58
58
BIOGRAPHICAL MEMOIRS
a byproduct of the process, introduced an entirely new element into our
concepts of metabolic control. His interests in adipose tissue metabolism
were very broad, extending from a study of the role of brown adipose
tissue in the production of heat accompanying arousal in hibernating ro-
dents to hormonal mechanisms which allow migratory birds to draw upon
their caloric reserves during flight.
After his retirement in 1971, Eric continued a research pro-
gram on marine biological products at his laboratory at the
Marine Biological Laboratory in Woocls Hole. Winter months
were spent by the Balls in their apartment in Ozona, Florida.
In aclclition to those honors and professional activities al-
ready mentioned, Eric was electect to the National Academy
of Sciences in 1948 anct to the American Academy of Arts
ant! Sciences in 1945. He was a long-term consultant to the
Eli Lilly Company and served in a number of editorial ca-
pacities on the fournal of Biological Chemistry, Biochemistry, and
Biochemical Preparations. He was a member of several profes-
sional societies including the American Society of Biological
Chemists, American Chemical Society, Biochemical Society of
Great Britain, Society of General Physiologists, and the En-
ctocrine Society. He was also a fellow of the American As-
sociation for the Advancement of Science. In 1963 he was
awarcled a Guggenheim Fellowship for the second time for a
sabbatical leave at the Scripps Clinic anct Research Founda-
tion in La JolIa, California. As a Commonwealth Fund Fellow,
he was a visiting professor at the Oswalclo Cruz Institute, Rio
do Janeiro, in 1964.
Altogether, he published approximately 150 articles in
various scientific journals. In 1973 he published the book
Energy Metabolism, which contained the essence of the unique
lectures entitIect "Biological Oxidation anct Its Control" that
he had delivered over the years to medical students. Eric was
a superb lecturer, succinct and concise, with his material or-
ganized in precise detail. He was well respected and liked,
OCR for page 63
ERIC GLENDINNING BALL
SELECTED BIBLIOGRAPHY
63
1928
With D. W. Wilson. A study of the estimation of chloride in blood
serum. I. Biol. Chem., 79:221-27.
1930
The composition of pancreatic juice and blood serum as influenced
by the injection of acid and base. i. Biol Chem., 86:433-48.
The composition of pancreatic juice and blood serum as influenced
by the injection of inorganic salts. l. Biol. Chem., 86:449-62.
With C. G. Johnston. Variations in inorganic constituents of the
pancreatic juice during constant drainage of the pancreatic
ducts. l. Biol. Chem., 86:643-53.
1931
With W. M. Clark. Potentiometric study of epinephrine. Proc. Natl.
Acad. Sci. USA, 17:347-50.
1933
With I. F. Sadusk. Volumetric determination of small quantities of
inorganic iodine. Ind. Eng. Chem. Anal. Ed., 5:386.
With T. Chen. Studies on oxidation-reduction. XX. Adrenaline
and related compounds. l. Biol. Chem., 102:691-719.
Hemolytic action of silver occurring as an impurity in chemically
pure sodium chloride. Biol. Bull., 64:277-88.
The relative abundance of hydrogen isotopes in sea water. Biol.
Bull., 65:371-74.
1934
Studies on oxidation-reduction. XXI. Phthiocol, the pigment of the
human tubercle bacillus. J. Biol. Chem., 106:515-24.
1936
With I. F. Sadusk, tr. The estimation of sodium in blood serum. i.
Biol. Chem., 113:661-74.
Studies on oxidation-reduction. XXII. Lapachol, lomatiol, and re-
lated compounds. J. Biol. Chem., 114:649-55.
OCR for page 64
64
BIOGRAPHICAL MEMOIRS
1937
Studies on oxidation-reduction. XXIII. Ascorbic acid. I Biol.
Chem., 118:219-39.
Oxidation-reduction potentials of hydroxynaphthoquinones in al-
kaline solutions. i. Am. Chem. Soc., 59:2071-72.
The pH of sea water as measured with the glass electrode. Biol.
Bull., 73:221.
1938
-
Oxidation and reduction of the three cytochrome components.
Biochem. Z., 295:262-64.
Xanthine oxidase: An alloxazine protein. Science, 88:131.
1939
Xanthine oxidase: Purification and properties. I. Biol. Chem.,
128:51-67.
Chemical reactions of nicotinic acid amide in viva. Bull. Johns Hop-
kins Hosp., 65:253.
With B. Meyerhof. The occurrence of cytochrome and other he-
mochromagens in certain marine forms. Biol. Bull., 77:321.
Role of flavoproteins in biological oxidations. Cold Spring Harbor
Symp. Quant. Biol., 7:100.
With P. A. Ramsdell. The catalytic action of milk flavoprotein in
the oxidation of reduced diphosphopyridine nucleotide (cozy-
mase). I. Biol. Chem., 131 :767-68.
1940
A test of 2-keto-1-gulonic acid for antiscorbutic properties. J. Biol.
Chem., 134: 177-80.
With B. Meyerhof. On the occurrence of iron-porphyrin com-
pounds and succinic dehydrogenase in marine organisms pos-
sessing the copper blood pigment hemocyanin. J. Biol. Chem.,
134:483-93.
Catalysts of biological oxidation, their composition and mode of
action. Collecting Net, 15: 125.
OCR for page 65
ERIC GLENDINNING BALL
65
1941
With H. F. Tucker. The activity of carbonic anhydrase in relation
to the secretion and composition of pancreatic juice. i. Biol.
Chem., 139:71-80.
With H. F. Tucker, A. K. Solomon, and B. Vennesland. Source of
pancreatic juice bicarbonate. I. Biol. Chem., 140:119-21.
1942
Biological oxidations and reductions. Annul Rev. Biochem., 11:
1-25.
Oxidative mechanisms in animal tissues. In: Proceedings of a Sym-
posium on Respiratory Enzymes, p. 16. Madison: University of Wis-
consin Press.
1944
A blue chromoprotein found in the eggs of the goose-barnacle. I.
Biol. Chem., 152 :627-34.
With P. A. Ramsdell. The flavin-adenine dinucleotide content of
firefly lanterns. i. Am. Chem. Soc., 66:1419-20.
Energy relationships of the oxidative enzymes. Ann. N.Y. Acad.
Sci.,- 45:363.
1945
With C. B. Anfinsen, Q. M. Geiman, R. W. McKee, and R. A.
Ormsbee. In vitro growth and multiplication of the malaria par-
asite, Plasmodium knowlesi. Science, 101 :542-44.
1946
With F. L. Rodkey. A rapid test for distinguishing human from
cow's milk based upon a difference in their xanthine oxidase
content. I. Lab. Clin. Med., 31:354-56.
Some properties of the yeast yellow protein. l. Gen. Physiol.,
29:413-18.
With R. W. McKee, R. A. Ormsbee, C. B. Anfinsen, and C. M. Gei-
man. Studies on malarial parasites. VI. The chemistry and me-
tabolism of normal and parasitized (P. knowlesi) monkey blood.
J. Exp. Med., 84:569-82.
With C. M. Geiman, C. B. Anfinsen, R. W. McKee, and R. A. Orms-
OCR for page 66
66
BIOGRAPHICAL MEMOIRS
bee. Studies on malarial parasites. VII. Methods and techniques
for cultivation. I. Exp. Med., 84:583-606.
With C. B. Anfinsen, C. M. Geiman, and R. W. Ormsbee. Studies
on malarial parasites. VIII. Factors affecting the growth of Plas-
modium knowlesi in vitro. I. Exp. Med., 84:607-21.
With C. B. Anfinsen. The actions of napthoquinone antimalarials
on respiratory systems. Biol. Bull., 91:212.
1947
With C. B. Anfinsen and O. Cooper. The inhibitory action of
napthoquinones on respiratory processes. J. Biol. Chem.,
168:257-70.
Biochemical mechanism of cellular oxidation. Science, 106: 118.
1948
What is a dialysate? Nature, 161:404.
With R. W. McKee, C. B. Anfinsen, W. O. Cruz, and C. M. Geiman.
Studies on malarial parasites. IX. Chemical and metabolic
changes during growth and multiplication in vivo and in vitro.
I. Biol. Chem., 175 :547-71.
1949
With A. K. Solomon and O. Cooper. The production of radioactive
cystine by direct bombardment in the pile. J. Biol. Chem.,
177:81-89.
With R. A. Ormsbee and F. C. Henriques, {r. The reaction of mus-
tard gas with skin proteins. Arch. Biochem., 21:301-12.
With O. Cooper. The activity of succinate oxidase in relation to
phosphate and phosphorus compounds. I. Biol. Chem., 180:
113-24.
With W. R. Christensen and C. H. Plimpton. The hexokinase of
the rat erythrocyte and the influence of hormonal and other
factors on its activity. I. Biol. Chem., 180:791-802.
1950
With F. L. Rodkey. Oxidation-reduction potentials of the cyto-
chrome c system. J. Biol. Chem., 182: 17-28.
OCR for page 67
ERIC GLENDINNING BALL
1951
67
With R. K. Crane. Factors affecting the fixation of C~4O2 by animal
tissues. I. Biol. Chem., 188:819-32.
With R. K. Crane. Relationship of C~402 fixation to carbohydrate
metabolism in retina. I. Biol. Chem., 189:269-76.
With C. F. Strittmatter and O. Cooper. The reaction of cytochrome
oxidase with carbon monoxide. l. Biol. Chem., 193:635-47.
1952
With C. F. Strittmatter. A hemochromogen component of liver
microsomes. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 38:19-25.
With F. L. Rodkey. Oxidation-reduction potentials of the diphos-
phopyridine nucleotide system. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA,
38:396-99.
Oxidation and reduction in brain tissue. In: The Biology of Mental
Health and Disease, pp. 74-82. New York: Paul B. Hoeber, Inc.
With O. Cooper. The reaction of cytochrome oxidase with cyanide.
J. Biol. Chem., 198:629-38.
1953
With C. F. Strittmatter and O. Cooper. Glycolytic activity in the
swim bladder gland. Biol. Bull., 103:317.
With J. H. Kinoshita. A transpeptidation reaction between gluta-
thione and arginine. J. Biol. Chem., 200:609-17.
1954
With C. F. Strittmatter. The intracellular distribution of cyto-
chrome components and of oxidative enzyme activity in rat
liver. I. Cell. Comp. Physiol., 43:57-58.
An experiment in medical education. West. l. Surg. Obstet. Gyne-
col., 62:8-10.
With S. W. Edwards. The action of phospholipases on succinate
oxidase and cytochrome oxidase. I. Biol. Chem., 209:619-33.
1955
With C. F. Strittmatter and O. Cooper. Metabolic studies on the gas
gland of the swim bladder. Biol. Bull., 108: 1-17.
OCR for page 68
68
BIOGRAPHICAL MEMOIRS
With P. Strittmatter. Formaldehyde dehydrogenase, a glutathione-
dependent enzyme system. I. Biol. Chem., 213:445-61.
1956
On the specificity of interaction of biological oxidation-reduction
systems. In: Enzymes: Units of Biological Structure and Function
(Proceedings of the Henry Ford Hospital International Sym-
posium), ed. Gaebler, pp. 433-43. New York: Academic Press.
With I. P. Revel and O. Cooper. The quantitative measurement of
y-glutamyl transpeptidase activity. J. Biol. Chem., 221 :895 -
908.
With E. C. Wolff. The action of thyroxine on the oxidation of suc-
cinate and malate. l. Biol. Chem., 224:1083-98.
Graduate training in the medical sciences. Fed. Proc. Fed. Am. Soc.
Exp. Biol., 15:871 - 74.
1957
With O. Cooper. Thyroxin, transhydrogenase, and oxidation of
triphosphopyridine nucleotide. Science, 125:746.
With O. Cooper. The oxidation of reduced TEN by the trans-
hydrogenase reaction and its inhibition by thyroxine. Proc.
Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 43:357-64.
With O. Cooper. Observations on the function of cytochromes c
and cat. J. Biol. Chem., 226:755-63.
With R. I. Barrnett. An integrated morphological and biochemical
study of a purified preparation of the succinate and DPNH
oxidase system. J. Biophys. Biochem. Cytol., 3:1023-36.
1958
With M. I. Spiro. A comparison of the pathways of glucose catab-
olism in the normal and hyperthyroid rat. I. Biol. Chem.,
231 :31-40.
The fiftieth anniversary of the founding of the Division of Medical
Sciences. Harv. Med. Alumni Bull., 32~3~:9-11.
With R. J. Barrnett. The ultrastructure and biochemical composi-
tion of the hard core of the electron transmitter system. Anat.
Rec., 130:267.
OCR for page 69
ERIC GLENDINNING BALL
69
With C. D. Joel, M. L. Karnovsky, and O. Cooper. Lipide compo-
nents of the succinate and DPNH oxidase system. I. Biol.
Chem., 233: 1565 -73.
1959
With l. P. Revel. The reaction of glutathione with amino acids and
related compounds as catalyzed by~y-glutamyl transpeptidase.
I. Biol. Chem., 234:577-82.
With D. B. Martin and O. Cooper. Studies on the metabolism of
adipose tissue. I. The effect of insulin on glucose utilization as
measured by the manometric determination of carbon dioxide
output. I. Biol. Chem., 234:774-80.
With I. M. Hagen and O. Cooper. Studies on the metabolism of
adipose tissue. II. The effect of changes in the ionic composition
of the medium upon the response to insulin. l. Biol. Chem.,
234:781-86.
With R. J. Barrnett. Morphologic and metabolic changes produced
in rat adipose tissue in vitro by insulin. Science, 129:1282.
1960
With R. J. Barrnett. Insulin and pinocytosis. Diabetes, 9:70-71.
With O. Cooper. Studies on the metabolism of adipose tissue. III.
The response to insulin by different types of adipose tissue
and in the presence of various metabolites. l. Biol. Chem., 235:
584-88.
With J. H. Hagen. Studies on the metabolism of adipose tissue. IV.
The effect of insulin and adrenaline on glucose utilization, lac-
tate production, and net gas exchange. J. Biol. Chem., 235:
1545-49.
With R. L. Jungas. Studies on the metabolism of adipose tissue. V.
The effect of a growth hormone preparation and insulin on the
oxygen consumption, glucose uptake, and lactic acid produc-
tion. I. Biol. Chem., 235:1894-99.
With R. I. Barrnett. The effect of insulin on adipose tissue. Am. I.
Clin. Nutr., 8:666-70.
With R. J. Barrnett. Metabolic and ultrastructural changes induced
in adipose tissue by insulin. J. Biophys. Biochem. Cytol., 8:83-
101.
OCR for page 70
70
BIOGRAPHICAL MEMOIRS
1961
With M. I. Spiro. Studies on the respiratory enzymes of the adrenal
gland. I. The medulla. I. Biol. Chem., 236:225-30.
With M. I Spiro. Studies on the respiratory enzymes of the adrenal
gland. lI. The cortex. I. Biol. Chem., 236:231-35.
With R. L. Juntas. On the action of hormones which accelerate the
rate of oxygen consumption and fatty acid release in rat adipose
tissue in vitro. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 47:932-41.
With M. A. Merrill. A manometric assay of insulin and some results
of the application of the method to sera and islet-containing
tissues. Endocrinology, 69:596-607.
With I. H. Hagen. Studies on the metabolism of adipose tissue. VI.
The effect of adrenaline on oxygen consumption and glucose
utilization. Endocrinology, 69:752-60.
With R. L. Juntas. Studies on the metabolism of adipose tissue.
VII. A comparison of the effects of insulin and a growth-
hormone preparation on oxygen consumption in bicarbonate
and phosphate buffers. Biochim. Biophys. Acta, 54:304-14.
With M. N. Oxman. Studies on the metabolism of adipose tissue.
VIII. Alterations produced by biotin deficiency in the rat. Arch.
Biochem. Biophys., 95 :99-105.
1962
With C. D. Joel. The electron transmitter system of brown adipose
tissue. Biochemistry, 1:281-87.
With R. L. Juntas. Studies on the metabolism of adipose tissue. IX.
The stimulation of oxygen consumption by TSH preparations
in relation to growth hormone and other pituitary fractions.
Endocrinology, 71 :68-76.
With R. O. Moore. Studies on the metabolism of adipose tissue. X.
Some in vitro effects of a prolactin preparation alone and in
combination with insulin or adrenalin. Endocrinology, 71:57-
67.
With H. Frerichs. Studies on the metabolism of adipose tissue. XI.
Activation of phosphorylase by agents which stimulate lipolysis.
Biochemistry, 1:501-9.
With C. D. Joel. The composition of the mitochondrial membrane
in relation to its structure and function. Int. Rev. Cytol., 13:
99-133.
OCR for page 71
ERIC GLENDINNING BALL
71
1963
With R. L. fungus. Studies on the metabolism of adipose tissue.
XII. The effects of insulin and epinephrine on free fatty acid
and glycerol production in the presence and absence of glucose.
Biochemistry, 2:383-88.
With E. Knobil. Insulin like activity of serum from normal and
hypophysectomized monkeys. Endocrinology, 72:658-61.
With R. L. Jungas. Studies on the metabolism of adipose tissue.
XIII. The effect of anaerobic conditions and dietary regime on
the response to insulin and epinephrine. Biochemistry, 2:586-
92.
With I. P. Flatt. Studies on the metabolism of adipose tissue. XIV.
The manometric determination of total CO2 production and
oxygen consumption in bicarbonate buffer. Biochem. Z., 388:
73-83.
With J. P. Flatt. Studies on the metabolism of adipose tissue. XV.
An evaluation of the major pathways of glucose catabolism as
influenced by insulin and epinephrine. J. Biol. Chem., 239:
675-85.
With R. L. Jungas. Some effects of hormones on the metabolism of
adipose tissue. Recent Frog. Horm. Res., 20:183-214.
With H. Frerichs. Studies on the metabolism of adipose tissue.
XVI. Inhibition by phlorizin and phloretin of the insulin-
stimulated uptake of glucose. Biochemistry, 3:981-85.
With E. M. Wise, fir. Malic enzyme and lipogenesis. Proc. Natl.
Acad. Sci. USA, 52:1255-63.
With R. L. Jungas. Studies on the metabolism of adipose tissue.
XVII. In vitro effects of insulin upon the metabolism of the
carbohydrate and triglyceride stores of adipose tissue from
fasted-refed rats. Biochemistry, 3:1696-1702.
1965
With I. P. Flatt. Pathways of glucose metabolism. II. In: Handbook
of Physiology (Section 5, Adipose Tissue), ed. Albert E. Renold and
George F. Cahill, Jr., pp. 273-79. Bethesda, Md.: American
Physiological Society.
With R. L. Jungas. Net gas exchanges and oxygen consumption.
In: Handbook of Physiology (Sectiorl 5, Adipose Tissue), ed. Albert
OCR for page 72
72
BIOGRAPHICAL MEMOIRS
E. Renold and George F. Cahill, Jr., pp. 355-61. Bethesda,
Md.: American Physiological Society.
With M. S. Kornacker. Citrate cleavage in adipose tissue. Proc.
Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 54~3~:899-904.
With A. G. Goodridge. Studies on the metabolism of adipose tissue.
XVIII. In vitro effects of insulin, epinephrine and glucagon on
lipolysis and glycolysis in pigeon adipose tissue. Comp. Bio-
chem. Physiol., 16:367-81.
Some energy relationships in adipose tissue. Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci.,
131:225-34.
1966
With I. P. Flatt. Studies on the metabolism of adipose tissue. XIX.
An evaluation of the major pathways of glucose catabolism as
influenced by acetate in the presence of insulin. I. Biol. Chem.,
241 :2862-69.
Regulation of fatty acid synthesis in adipose tissue. In: Advances in
Enzyme Regulation, ed. G. Weber, pp. 3-18. New York: Perga-
mon Press.
With I. S. Hayward. Quantitative aspects of brown adipose tissue
thermogenesis during arousal from hibernation. Biol. Bull.,
131(1):94-103.
With A. G. Goodridge. Lipogenesis in the pigeon: In vitro studies.
Am. J. Physiol., 211 :803-8.
1967
With I. N. Fisher. Studies on the metabolism of adipose tissue. XX.
The effect of thyroid status upon oxygen consumption and li-
polysis. Biochemistry, 6:637-47.
With A. G. Goodridge. The effect of prolactin on lipogenesis in the
pigeon: In vitro studies. Biochemistry, 6:1676-82.
With A. G. Goodridge. Lipogenesis in the pigeon: In viva studies.
Am. I. Physiol., 213:245-49.
With A. G. Goodridge. The effect of prolactin on lipogenesis in the
pigeon: In vitro studies. Biochemistry, 6:2335-43.
1968
With M. S. Kornacker. Respiratory processes in brown adipose
tissue. J. Biol. Chem., 243:1638-44.
OCR for page 73
ERIC GLENDINNING BALL
73
With P. Kneer. Studies on the metabolism of adipose tissue. XXI.
An evaluation of the major pathways of pyruvate metabolism.
I. Biol. Chem., 243:2863-70.
1969
With H. B. Markus. Inhibition of lipolytic processes in rat adipose
tissue by antimalarial drugs. Biochim. Biophys. Acta, 187:486-
91.
1970
Some aspects of fatty acid metabolism in brown adipose tissue. Lip-
ids, 5:220-23.
With C. L. Hall. Factors affecting lipolysis rates in rat adipose tis-
sue. Biochim. Biophys. Acta, 210:209-20.
Some considerations of the multiplicity of insulin action on adipose
tissue. In: Hormone and Metabolic Research, Suppl. 2: Adipose Tis-
sue: Regulation and Metabolic Functions, ed. R. Levine and E. F.
Pfeiffer, pp. 102-7. New York: Academic Press.
1973
Energy Metabolism. New York: Addison-Wesley.
Representative terms from entire chapter:
eric glendinning
