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Below are the first 10 and last 10 pages of uncorrected machine-read text (when available) of this chapter, followed by the top 30 algorithmically extracted key phrases from the chapter as a whole.
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OCR for page R1
HibgaUng Losscs Tom L=d Subsidence
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Panel on Land Subsidence
Commlucc on Ground farm Hazards ~lUgadon kcsca~h
Dlvlslon of Neat Hazard ~lllgadon
Commlsslon on [ngluccd~ Id filch Synods
Nado~ Rcsca~ Council
N~N^L ACADEMY MESS
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NOTICE: The project that is the subject of this report was approved by the Governing Board
of the National Research Council, whose members are drawn from the councils of the National
Academy of Sciences, the National Academy of Engineering, and the Institute of Medicine. The
members of the committee responsible for the report were chosen for their special competences
and with regard for appropriate balance.
This report has been reviewed by a group other Can the authors according to procedures
approved by a Report Review Committee consisting of members of the National Academy of
Sciences, the National Academy of Engineering, and the Institute of Medicine.
The National Academy of Sciences is a pnv ate, nonprofit, self-perpetuating society of dis-
tinguished scholars engaged in scientific and engineering research, dedicated to the furtherance
of science and technology and to their use for the general welfare. Upon the authority of the
charter granted to it by the Congress in 1863, the Academy has a mandate that requires it to
advise the federal government on scientific and technical matters. Dr. Frank Press is president
of the National Academy of Sciences.
The National Academy of Engineenng was established in 1964, under the charter of
the National Academy of Sciences, as a parapet organization of outstanding engineers. It is
autonomous in its administration and in the selection of its members, sharing with the National
Academy of Sciences He responsibility for advising the federal government. The National
Academy of Engineenng also sponsors engineering programs aimed at meeting national needs,
encourages education and research, and recognizes Be superior achievements of engineers. Dr.
Robert M. White is president of the National Academy of Engineenng.
The Institute of Medicine was established in 1970 by the National Academy of Sciences
to secure the services of eminent members of appropriate professions in the examination of
policy matters pertaining to the health of He public. The Institute acts under the responsibility
given to the National Academy of Sciences by its congressional charter to be an adviser to the
federal government and, upon its own initiative, to identify issues of medical care, research,
and education. Dr. Samuel O. Thier is president of He Institute of Medicine.
The National Research Council was established by the National Academy of Sciences in
1916 to associate the broad community of science and technology win He Academy's purposes
of furthering knowledge and of advising the federal govemment. Functioning in accordance
with general policies determined by the Academy, the Council has become the principal
operating agency of both the National Academy of Sciences and the National Academy
of Engineering in providing services to the government, the public, and the scientific and
engineering communities. The Council is administered jointly by both Academies and the
Institute of Medicine. Dr. Frank Press and Dr. Robert M. White are chairman and vice-
chairman, respectively, of the National Research Council.
Limited number of copies available without charge from:
Committee on Ground Failure Hazards Mitigation Research
Division of Natural Hazard Mitigation, HA 286
National Research Council
2101 Constitution Avenue, N.W.
Washington, DC 20418
Printed in the United States of America
OCR for page R3
COMMITTEE ON GROUND FAILURE HAZARDS MITIGATION RESEARCH
DAVID B. PRIOR (Chairman), Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge
GENEVIEVE ATWOOD, Atwood & Mabey Incorporated, Salt Lake City, Utah
DAVID S. BROOKSHIRE, University of Wyoming, Laramie
RHEA L. GRAHAM, Consultant, Placitas, New Mexico
A. G. KEENE, Department of Public Works, Los Angeles, California
F. BEACH LEIGHTON, Leighton & Associates, Inc., Irvine, CaTiforni
GEORGE G. MADER, William Spangle & Associates, Portola Valley, California
H. CRANE MILLER, Attorney, Washington, D.C.
WILLIAM I. PETAK, University of Southern California, Los Angeles
DWIGHT A. SANGREY, Oregon Graduate Institute of Science and Technology, Beaverton
ROBERT L. SCHUSTER, U.S. Geological Survey, Denver, Colorado
JAMES E. SLOSSON, Slosson & Associates, Van Nuys, California
DONALD R. SNETHEN, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater
DOUGLAS N. SWANSTON, Forest Service, U.S. Deparunent of Agriculture, Juneau, Alaska
BARRY VOIGHT, Pennsylvania State University, University Park
Liaison Representatives
N. B. BENNETT III, Division of Geology, Bureau of Reclamation, Denver, Colorado
LEON L. BERATAN (retired), Office of Nuclear Regulatory Research, Nuclear Regulatory
Commission, Washington, D.C.
C. Y. CHEN, (formerly) Office of Surface Mining, Washington, D.C.
ROBERT A. CUMMINGS, Society of Mining Engineers, Engineers Intemational, Inc.,
Tucson, Arizona
DONALD G. FOHS, Construction Maintenance and Environmental Design Division, Federal
Highway Administration, McLean, Virginia
ROBERT P. HARTLEY, Solid and Hazardous Waste Research Division, U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency, Cincinnati, Ohio
DARRELL G. HERD, U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia
THOMAS L. HOLZER, Geological Society of America, U.S. Geological Survey, Menlo
Park, California
BENJAMIN I. KELLY, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Washington, D.C.
LOUIS KIRKALDIE, Soil Conservation Service, Washington, D.C.
PAUL KRUMPE, Office of Foreign Disaster Assi.~tance A~enov for Intematinna1
Development, Washington, D.C.
O .,
ADRIAN PELZNER, Forest Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Washington, D.C.
J. E. SABADELL, Division of Biological and Critical Systems, National Science Foundation,
Washington, D.C.
CHI-SHING WANG, Division of Health and Safety Technology, Bureau of Mines,
Washington, D.C.
DAVIS E. WHITE, Manufactured Housing and Construction Standards Division, U.S.
Department of Housing and Urban Development, Washington, D.C.
MICHAEL YACHNIS (retired), Facilities Engineering Command, U.S. Department of the
Navy, Alexandria, Virginia
ARTHUR I. ZEIZEL, Office of Natural and Technological Hazards, Federal Emergency
Management Agency, Washington, D.C.
., .
l
l
OCR for page R4
Stem
RILEY M. CHUNG, Director
ABE BERNSTEIN, former Senior Staff Officer
PATRICIA T. GREEN, Research Aide
EDWARD LIPP, Editor
SUSAN R. McCUTCHEN, Administrative Assistant
SHIRLEY I. WHITLEY, Project Assistant
.
1V
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PANEL ON LAND SUBSIDENCE
THOMAS L. HOLZER (Chairman), U.S. Geological Survey, MenIo Park, California
CHRISTOPHER B. AMANDES, Hanson and Elkins, Houston, Texas
DAVID S. BROOKSHIRE, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque
BARBARA I. EVANS, Transcontinental Gas and Pipeline, Houston, Texas
ARTHUR H. FAWCE11, Consultant in Urban and Regional Planning, Washington, D.C.
RICHARD E. GRAY, GAI Consultants, Inc., Monroeville, Pennsylvania
PHILIP E. LaMOREAUX, P.E. LaMoreaux and Associates, Tuscaloosa, Alabama
DAVID MANEVAL, University of Alaska, Fairbanks
H. CRANE MILLER, Attomey, Washington, D.C.
THOMAS F. MOSLOW, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
JOHN C. STEPHENS, Consultant in Organic Soils, Fort Lauderdale, Florida
v
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Contents
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
THE SUBSIDENCE PROBLEM
Introduction, 3
Causes and Effects, 5
Economic and Legal Aspects, 17
2 A SURVEY OF CURRENT MITIGATION MEASURES
Introduction, 24
Public Information Programs, 24
Mapping Programs, 27
Regulation of Resource Development—Prevention and Control, 31
Land-Use Management anti Building Co(les, 34
Market-Based Methods, 41
Insurance, 43
3 FINDINGS
Introduction, 45
Data Base, 45
Technical Research Needs, 46
Mitigation Measures Research and Implementation Needs, 48
APPENDIX
REFERENCES
. .
V11
3
24
45
53
55
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