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Below are the first 10 and last 10 pages of uncorrected machine-read text (when available) of this chapter, followed by the top 30 algorithmically extracted key phrases from the chapter as a whole.
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OCR for page 155
Index
A
Abstinence, 12, 18, 33
Academic performance, 59, 60, 67
Acquired immune deficiency syndrome
(AIDS), 9, 10, 29-30, 125
Adolescents. See also High school
students; Junior high school
students
alcohol use-depression relationship,
54
drug abuse-delinquency relationship,
37
drug-onset patterns, 14, 32
drug-onset prevention, 14-15
drug-using sequences, 2, 15, 16
peer influences, 47, 66, 67
precursors to drug use, 56-57
prevention studies in, 81, 93, 97,
103-104, 105
problem-behavior development, 58,
59-60
sensation seeking in, 53
sexual behaviors, 30, 57
smoking onset, 19
smoking prevention, 3-4
socioeconomic factors and, 34
suicide in, 54
Adult-child relationships, 60, 61, 62
155
Affective programs, 79, 85, 90
Age
of drug-use onset, 14, 32, 51
and drug-use patterns, 17, 23, 32-33
preventive interventions and, 14-15
Alcoholism, 52
Alcohol use
age of onset, 14, 51
in children, parents and, 135
cognitive-behavioral analysis, 49
costs of illness from, 10
cultural influences on, 56
developmental analysis, 59
drug-prevention interventions and,
84, 86, 91, 92-93, 94, 100-101
in drug-use sequences, 2, 15-16, 18,
32-33, 51
genetic predispositions, 52
legal status of, 12
patterns of consumption, 27
personality characteristics and, 53, 54
preventive interventions, 96-98, 141
in rebellion patterns, 57
sensation seeking and, 107
ALERT, Project, 64, 65, 8S, 90, 91-94
Animal studies, 52
Anti-Drug Abuse Act (1988), 21
Asian Americans, 111
OCR for page 156
156
B
Behavioral training, 3
Biological risk factors, 52, 53
Blacks
drug-use patterns, 2, 33, 36
female marijuana use, 29
prevention studies in, 111
sexual behaviors, 30
socioeconomic factors and, 55, 56
Bush, George, 9
C
Center for Substance Abuse Prevention,
vii, 128
Centers for Disease Control (CDC), vii,
133
Child abuse, 61
Child Development Project, 98-99
Children. See also Adolescents
alcoholism risk factors, 52
developmental analysis, 4S, 58-59,
60, 63, 99
health education programs and, 133,
135
perinatal drug exposure, 29
prevention studies in, 89-90, 99, 111
relationships with adults, GO, 61, 62
risk factor analysis, 52-53, 57
socialization deficits, 58-59
Cigarette smoking
age of onset, 14, 19, 51
children, parental involvement and,
135
community-specific model of
prevention, 50
community-wide interventions, 124,
125, 126
continuation patterns, 18
countereffectiveness of interventions,
4
delay of onset of, 3-4
in drug-use sequences, 2, 15-16, 51,
63-64
ethnicity and, 111
INDEX
evaluation of prevention programs,
80-81, 84, 86-87, 90-91, 92-93,
94, 98, 100-101, 111
health care professionals and, 140
legal status of, 12
. . .
mass media prevention campaigns,
102, 104
problem-behavior development and,
59
public health costs of, 10, 33
school-based prevention programs,
64-65, 86-87, 90-91, 98, 104,
133-134, 141
social influence model of prevention,
49, 64-65, 90, 91
validity of self-reports, 26
Client Data System, 21
Client Oriented Data Acquisition
Process (CODAP,, 21, 33
Cocaine use
abuse and dependence, 18, 28
age and, 32
crack, 9, 29, 30
and criminal behavior, 31, 35
in drug-use sequences, 16
evaluation of prevention progams, 6-
7, 101, 104, 108
legal status of, 12
patterns of consumption, 2, 23-24,
27-28, 31, 36
perinatal exposure, 29
prevention of onset, 2-3, 15
race and ethnicity and, 33
and sexual behavior, 30
treatment demand, 28
validity of self-reports, 25
Cognitive-behavioral model, 49-50, 85,
87
College students, 23, 105
Communities
"community partnership" grants, 142
conceptual approach to prevention,
ix, 47, 50, 119
definitions of, 120-122
economic dimensions, 126-127
epidemiologic dimensions, 123-124
OCR for page 157
INDEX
mass media campaigns in, 122-123,
126, 130-131, 141
perspective on drug problems, 11, 20
prevention strategies, evaluation of,
101, 111, 127-128
research needs on, 3, 5, 128-131,
141-142
social-psychological dimensions,
125-126
Community Epidemiology Working
Group, 21
Condom use, 29, 30
Congenital predispositions, 52-53
Conrad N. Hilton Foundation, 91
Costs
federal antidrug efforts, 9
of illness, 10
of research, 7
Crack cocaine, 9, 29, 30
Crime, drug-related, 9, 10, 30, 37, 56
Criminal justice system data, 30-32, 33
Cuban Americans, 33-34, 56
D
Data collection
criminal justice system, 30-32, 33
Drug Abuse Warning Network, 27-
28
population surveys, 20-24, 36
treatment demand, 28-29
validity of surveys, 24-27
Delinquency, 36-37, 56, 57, 107
Dentists, 140
Depression, 53, 54
Development
effects of drug use on, 19-20, 33
intervention studies, 98-99
model of preventive intervention, 47,
48, 61-63, 66, 67, 76
predisposing elements of, 46, 48
problem behavior, 58-63, 67
research needs, 5, 63
Developmental theory, 48
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of
Mental Disorders (DSM-III-R), 11,
13
157
Dropout prevention, 141
Drug abuse. See also Drug abuse
prevention; Drug use
age and, 32
age of drug onset and, 14, 51
and AIDS risks, 29
consumption patterns, 2, 22, 24, 28,
31-32, 36
defined, 11, 12
and delinquency, 37, 56
race and ethnicity and, 33, 36
research needs, 36
risk factors for, 47, 51
self-esteem and, 54
sequence of development of, 15, 18,
58
socioeconomic factors and, 35
Drug abuse prevention
age for intervention relevance, 2-3,
14-15, 32
cognitive-behavioral model, 49-50,
85, 87
community-based approach, 101, 111,
122, 128-131
community-specific approach, 47, 50
community-wide interventions, 120,
121-128, 130-131, 141-142
developmental intervention, 47, 48,
60, 62-63, 66, 67, 76, 98-102
drug-use sequences and, 2-3, 18
ethnicity dimension, 110, 111
evaluation methodologies, viii, 1, 5-
6, 108-109
evaluation research, viii, 1, 3, 4-5, 7,
77, 108-109
evaluations of program effectiveness,
3 - , 6-7, 85, 87-89, 90, 105, 108
gender dimension, 110-111
government spending on, vii, 9
health care setting for, 139-141, 142
life skills approach, 49-50, 85-87
mass media campaigns, 102-108,
122-123
meta-analysis evaluations, 78-85
predisposing, enabling, and
reinforcing elements in, 45~6, 66-
67, 125
OCR for page 158
58
prevention theory and, 119-120
risk factor reduction, 19, 47-48, 57,
66, 67, 76
school-based curricula, 76-77, 111,
131
school-based programs, 64, 65-66,
87-90, 91-96, 100-102, 141
school health programs, 131-138
school reform in, 63
self-esteem theory, 54
social influence approach, 47, 48-50,
64-66, 67, 76, 89, 90-98, 109-110
theoretical basis for, viii, 1, 2, 5
workplace setting for, 138-139, 142
Drug Abuse Resistance Education
(DARE), 5, 95-96
Drug Abuse Warning Network
(DAWN), 21, 27-28, 32, 33, 36
Drug dependence. See also Drug use
age and, 32
age of drug onset and, 14, 51
and AIDS risks, 29
consumption patterns, 2, 22, 24, 28,
31-32, 36
defined, 11, 12, 13
race and ethnicity and, 33, 36
research needs, 36
risk factors for, 47, 51
self-esteem and, 54
sequence of development of, 18, 58
Drugs
illicit, 1, 12, 16
legal, 12
prescription, 1, 15
Drug testing, 139
Drug trade, 30, 55
Drug use. See also Drug abuse
prevention
age disaggregation, 32-33
age of onset, 14-15, 51
and AIDS risks, 29-30
community diagnostic perspective,
11, 20
costs and consequences of, 10, 18
20, 21
criminal justice system data, 21, 30
32
INDEX
DAWN data, 21, 27-28
defined, 11, 12
developmental model, 48, 67
genetic and congenital
predispositions, 52-53
individual diagnostic perspective, 11
20
motivations for, 19, 49
patterns of consumption, 2, 21-24,
31-32, 35-36
personality predispositions, 53, 54
population survey data, 20, 21-27
predisposing, enabling, and
reinforcing elements, 46
preventive intervention effects on, 4,
80, 81, 82, 85, 94, 95-96, 101, 105
public perceptions of, 9-10, 33
race and ethnicity disaggregation,
33-34
research needs, 36
risk factor model, 47-48, 51, 56-57
sequence and progression of, 2, 15-
18, 36, 51
and sexual behaviors, 30, 57
smoking prevention and, 4, 49
social influence model, 48, 49, 63-64
socioeconomic disaggregation, 34-35
socioeconomic predispositions, 55,
56
treatment demand data, 28-29
validity of self-reported data, 24-27
Drug Use Forecasting (DUF) system,
21,30-31,36
E
Ecological fallacy, 105
Economic factors, 34-35
Elderly, 15
Emotional disorders, 54, 59
Enabling elements, 45, 46, 47, 66-67,
125
Environmental exposures, 46, 48, 50
51, 58
Epidemiologic studies, 2
Epidemiology, 20, 47
Ethnicity, 46, 59, 66, 110, 111
OCR for page 159
INDEX
Ethnographic studies, 35
Etiologic research, viii, 2, 3, 35
F
Families
in developmental analysis, 46, 48, 59,
61, 67
in school-based interventions, 134-
135
socioeconomic influences, 55-56
Females
biological risk factors, 52-53
drug use in pregnancy, 29
drug use and sexual behaviors, 30, 57
prevention programs and, 110-111
work force participation, 138
Franklin Research Institute, 21
G
Gateway drugs, 15, 16, 51
prevention research evaluations, 97,
101, 109
Gender differences, 33, 110-111
Genetic predispositions, 46, 52-53
H
Health care
costs of, 10, 139
education programs, 64, 124, 132-
134, 139
preventive intervention setting, 139-
141, 142
Here's Looking at You, 5, 95, 96-98
Heroin use, 9
age and, 32
and criminal behavior, 35
legal status of, 12
patterns of consumption, 2, 26, 36
High School and Beyond study, 109
High School Senior Survey, 20, 36
drug-use patterns, 21-22, 24, 31
validity of data, 25, 27, 28
High school students. See also
Adolescents
159
dropouts, 24, 34-35
drug-prevention interventions and, 80
drug-use patterns, 21-23, 24
problem-behavior development, 59
smoking patterns, 18
smoking-prevention interventions
and, 4, 91, 93
Hispanic Americans, 2, 33-34, 36, 111
I
Individual characteristics, 46, 50-51
Institute of Medicine, Panel on
Opportunities for Research on
Prevention of Alcohol Problems,
20
International Statistical Classification
of Diseases, Injuries, and Causes
of Death (ICD-10), 11, 13
I-STAR, Project (Indianapolis), 95, 100
J
Junior high school students. See also
Adolescents
drug-prevention evaluation research,
80, 88, 91-92, 93
ethnic cultural research, 56
prevention research studies and, 63
problem-behavior development, 59
smoking-prevention evaluation
research, 104
social influence programs, 65, 67
"Just Say No" campaign, 64, 104
K
Kaiser Family Foundation, 134
L
Life Skills Training (LST), 49-50, 77,
85-87, 93
Longitudinal studies, 36, 51-52, 67,
109
Los Angeles Police Department, 95
Los Angeles Unified School District, 95
OCR for page 160
160
M
Males
drug use and sexual behaviors, 30,
57
work force participation, 138
Marijuana use
age and, 14
in drug-use sequences, 2-3, 15, 16,
17, 51
legal status of, 12
patterns of consumption, 2, 22, 23,
27, 31, 36
perinatal exposure, 29
preventive intervention evaluations,
86, 91, 92, 93, 94, 98, 100-101
problem-behavior development and,
59
risk factors for, 47-48, 54, 56, 57
self-reporting data, 25, 26
Mass media
in community-based interventions,
122-123, 126, 130-131, 141
and drug abuse prevention, 46, 76
preventive intervention evaluations,
102-108
in school-based interventions, 100,
104
Meta-analysis, 78-85
Methodologies
of drug-use prevention strategies,
viii, 5, 109
in evaluation research, 1, 5, 6-7,
108-110
meta-analysis, 78, 79-80
techniques of measurement, 58
validity of self-reports, 24-27
weaknesses in, 5-6, 79-80, 101-102,
105, 108-109
Metropolitan Life Foundation, 135
Mexican Americans, 33-34, 55, 56,
60
Midwestern Prevention Project, 64,
100-102, 129, 130-131
Minorities, 27, 55, 86
Monamine oxidase neurochemistry, 53
Monitoring the Future, 109
INDEX
N
Napa Drug Abuse Prevention Project,
85, 87-90
National Cancer Institute (NCI), 64,
130, 134
National Education Longitudinal Study,
109
National Heart, Lung, and Blood
Institute (NHBLI), 130, 131, 134,
136
National Household Survey on Drug
Abuse (1990), 20, 36
drug-use patterns, 14, 16, 23-24
validity of data, 26, 27, 28
National Institute on Alcohol Abuse
and Alcoholism (NIAAA), 131
National Institute for Dental Research,
130
National Institute on Drug Abuse
(NIDA), vii-viii, 1, 6
cocaine hotline, 104
community-wide trials, 130-131, 142
drug epidemiology surveys, 20, 27,
33, 138
National Institute of Justice, 30-31
National Institutes of Health (NIH), 134
National Research Council (NRC), 138
National Youth Study, 37
Native Americans, 33, 34, 60, 87, 111
Neighborhood characteristics, 52, 55
56, 58, 59, 138
Neurochemistry, 53
Nixon, Richard M., 9
North Karelia Youth Project (Finland),
86, 124, 135
o
Office of Substance Abuse Prevention
(OSAP), 130, 142
p
Parents
in community-wide interventions,
130-131, 135
OCR for page 161
INDEX
in developmental interventions, 99
and problem-behavior development,
59, 61, 67
Partnership for a Drug-Free America,
104-105
Peers
in developmental model, 58, 59
peer-pressure resistance, 3, 96, 106
preventive intervention designs, 65,
79, 80-81, 82-83, 84, 85
in risk factor model, 47
in social influence model, 48, 66, 67
Perinatal drug exposure, 29
Personality characteristics, 52, 53-54, 58
Physicians, 140
Predisposing elements, 45, 46, 66-67,
125
developmental, 48
genetic and congenital, 52-53
risk factors, 47, 57
Pregnancy
drug use and, 29, 57
prevention programs, 141
Prevention. See Drug abuse prevention
Prison inmates, 35
Problem-behavior development, 58-63,
67
Protective factors, 50-51, 54
Psychoactive Substance Use Disorder,
11
Puberty, 52-53
Public health, 10, 20
Public opinion, 9-10, 33
Public service announcements, 104, 106
Puerto-Rican Americans, 34, 55, 56
Q
Quit For Life campaign, 124
R
Race and ethnicity, 33-34, 59
RAND Corporation, 64, 91
Reagan, Nancy, 64
161
Reinforcing elements, 45, 46, 47, 66
67, 125
Research. See also Research needs
community-based, 128-131
developmental interventions, 98-102
etiologic, viii, 2, 3, 35
evaluation of effectiveness, viii, 1, 5,
6-7, 77
government spending on, vii
meta-analysis evaluations, 78-85
methodological standards, viii, 1, 5-
6, 108-109
smoking prevention, 134
workplace health promotion, 139
Research needs
community interventions, 120, 126,
127, 129, 142
developmental approach, 5, 63
diffusion research, 130
economic dimensions, 126-127
genetic predispositions, 53
health care setting, 140
longitudinal studies, 36
mass media campaigns, 122
methodological standards, 6, 109,
110
risk factor approach, 5, 58
school-based programs, 4-5, 66, 133,
135, 141
social influence approach, 66, 109-
110
Resistance skills training, 49, 77, 100,
111
Risk factors, 27
defined, 47
genetic and congenital, 52-53
individual and environmental, 50-51
longitudinal studies of, 51-52, 67
personality characteristics, 53-54
prevention strategies based on, 19,
47~8, 65, 66, 67, 76
relationships among, 48, 56-57
research needs, 5, 58
socioeconomic, 55-56
Rutgers longitudinal sample, 53
OCR for page 162
162
S
School-based interventions
alcohol-use prevention, 96-98
cognitive-behavioral model, 87
in community-wide programs, 121
123, 126-127, 130-131, 142
components of, 76-77
developmental model, 61-62, 63, 98
102
drug-use prevention curricula, 76-77,
111, 131
drug-use prevention programs, 64,
65-66, 87-90, 91-96, 100-102, 141
ethnic and gender dimensions, 110
111
health education programs, 64-65,
131-138
Life Skills Training, 85-87
mass media campaigns in, 100, 104
meta-analysis evaluations, 81-82,
83-84
research needs, 4-5, 66, 133, 135, 141
smoking prevention, 64-65, 86-87,
90-91, 98, 104, 133-134, 141
social influence model, 64, 65-66,
67, 90-98
School Health Curriculum Project, 133
School Health Education Evaluation,
133-134
Schools, 3. See also School-based
interventions
"crack babies" in, 29
influences in child development, 48,
59-60, 61-62, 63
Seattle Social Development Project,
98-99
Self-esteem, 46, 47, 53, 54, 77, 84, 96
97
Sensation seeking, 53, 54, 106-107, 108
Sexual behaviors
AIDS risks, 29, 30
drug use and, 36-37, 57
Sexually transmitted diseases, 30
SMART curriculum, 95, 111
Social alienation, 58
Social bonding, 99
Social Economic Index (SEI), 35
INDEX
Social environment, 3
Social influence
evaluations of effectiveness, 90-98,
102
model of prevention, 47, 48-50, 63-
66, 67, 89
research needs, 66, 109-110
Social inoculation, 65
Social isolation, 54
Socialization deficits, 46, 58, 59, 63
Social learning theory, 65, 76, 125
Socioeconomic factors, 34-35, 46, 52,
55-56
STAR, Project (Kansas City), 64, 65,
95, 100, 101, 129
Street culture, 27, 56, 66
Substance Abuse and Mental Health
Services Administration, 21
Suicide, 53, 54
T
Teachers
influences on children, 59, 62
training programs, 29, 88, 99, 134
Time-lag hypothesis, 2, 32
Tobacco use. See Cigarette smoking
Tranquilizers, 16
Treatment
data collection, 21, 28, 33
workplace programs, 139
U
U.S. Department of Health and Human
Services, 131
U.S. Department of Justice, vii
U.S. Office of Disease Prevention and
Health Promotion, 133
W
Waterloo, Ontario, antismoking
intervention, 64, 90-91, 92
Whites, 2, 29, 33, 36
Women. See Females
Workplace prevention setting, 138-139,
142
Representative terms from entire chapter:
social influence
