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1. INTRODUCTION
1.~. Purpose Of Study
The primary purpose of this study is to examine the Federal
Republic of Germany's (F.R.G.) and the European Community's (EC)
perspectives on the challenges and opportunities presented to the
Coordinating Committee of Multilateral Export Controls (CoCom) in
light of the developments in Eastern Europe and Soviet Union
since the Fall of 1989. Special emphasis is placed on the
problems for Cocom that will arise as a result of the impending
economic and political unification of the two Germanies. The
perspectives of the West German government, the opposition, the
business community and public are examined.
Although Eastern Europe and the Soviet Union are not the
primary focus of this study, they cannot be ignored, given the
close economic ties East Germany maintains with the other CMEA
countries, especially the USSR; the important role played by the
Soviet Union in determining the external aspects of German
unification; and the efforts by all European countries to
overcome the political and economic division of Europe by
creating a European economic space.
A second emphasis of this study will be an analysis of the
"European Dimension" of CoCom. Although the evidence with
respect to a European position towards CoCom is still scanty, the
European Parliament has devoted considerable attention to the
issue, which can no longer be avoided given the impending
creation of single E.C. market. Finally, the concluding section
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will briefly outline the necessary changes that are required for
a sucessfui reform of export controls.
1.2. Hethodology
The primary source material consists of approximately 60
interviews conducted during the month of March 1990 in the
F.R.G., East Berlin and at the EC's institutions in Brussels and
Luxembourg. Given the sensitivity of the subject, the
respondents have asked for confidentiality. Secondary source
material consists of recent publications by research institutions
in the F.R.G. which specialize in East-West relations: official
speeches; and newspaper articles from a variety of German and
other European newspapers.
1.3. A Word of Caution
The dynamics of political and economic change in the Eastern
bloc have been, and continue to be, dramatic. Almost daily, new
events occur which affect export control issues with regard to
the two Germanies or the entire Eastern bloc. An attempt will be
made to include the most recent developments in the analysis
presented in this study. Given the nature of the problem,
however, some degree of uncertainty will remain. This is
especially true with respect to the course of economic and
political unification of the two Germanies and the future role of
Germany in an evolving European security structure.
It should also be mentioned that although the task of the
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study is to present a West German perspective on the current
developments, most of the F.R.G. 's positions are shared by
European partners.
Thus unless specif ically mentioned, the
West German position examined here
of other European countries.
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also ref lects the perspective
Representative terms from entire chapter:
material consists
