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China and Global Change: Opportunities for Collaboration
Index
A
Acid rain. See Precipitation composition
Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae (Huangjing Kexue Xuebao [Journal of Environmental Sciences]), 92, 161
Ad hoc USA-PRC Committee for the Joint Study of Global Change, 21
Advanced very high resolution radiometer (AVHRR) data, 8, 49, 63, 81, 104, 137, 159, 171
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China and Global Change: Opportunities for Collaboration
Index
A
Acid rain. See Precipitation composition
Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae (Huangjing Kexue Xuebao [Journal of Environmental Sciences]), 92, 161
Ad hoc USA-PRC Committee for the Joint Study of Global Change, 21
Advanced very high resolution radiometer (AVHRR) data, 8, 49, 63, 81, 104, 137, 159, 171
Advances in Atmospheric Sciences, 143
Aerosols, 10, 30, 57, 58, 59, 93, 95-96, 136, 184, 192
An Zhisheng, 169, 176, 190
Anhui Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, 58, 96
Antarctica, 30, 96, 149-150, 195
Arimoto, Richard, 116, 169, 190
Asian Development Bank, 51
Astronomy data, 41
Atlas of Climate Physics of Tropical Pacific Ocean, 77
Atmospheric chemistry.
See also International Global Atmospheric Chemistry (IGAC) Project
overview of research in, 92-93
studies in specific areas of, 9-11, 93-97, 117, 183, 187
and U.S. Science and Technology Umbrella Agreement, 183-185
Atmospheric Chemistry Center, 138
Atmospheric deposition, 11, 96-97, 187, 194
Augustana College, 106
Australia, 76, 144, 193, 194
B
Beijing Agroecology Experiment Station, 144, 197
Beijing Astronomical Observatory, 41
Beijing Data Center, 138
Beijing Forest Ecosystem Experiment Station, 113, 143, 197
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Beijing Forestry University, 203
Beijing Normal University
contact information for, 203
initiative in global change education, 47-48
Institute of Low-Energy Physics, 135-136, 192
Beijing University. See Peking University
Berry, Joseph, 19
Bilateral projects.
See also Multilateral and non-U.S. bilateral research programs under U.S. Science and Technology Umbrella Agreement, 182-192
Biogeochemistry.
See also Trace gases research in, 11-12, 91, 104, 106, 107, 162, 163, 169, 190
Biological and Geological Survey, U.S., 140
Biospheric Aspects of the Hydrological Cycle and Global Energy and Water Cycle Experiment (BAHC/GEWEX), 28, 35, 89, 177
explanation of, 65
institutes conducting research related to, 53-54
research conducted on, 65-69
Sino-Japanese Atmosphere-Land Processes Experiment (HEIFE), 35, 89, 108, 150, 194
Brown, Sandra, 88, 166, 191
Brunig, Hans, 88, 166
Brunt, James, 190
Bureau of Meteorology Research Centre, 193
C
Cang Shuxi, 176
Cao Jiaxin, 157
Cao Jiping, 32
Cao Pifu, 32
Carbon dioxide-vegetation interactions. See Climate-vegetation interactions
Carnegie Institution, Stanford University, 166
Cen Jiafa, 32
Center for Environmental Sciences, 158
Center of Computation, 43
Chen Guodong, 147
Chen Guofan, 32
Chen Jiaqi, 26, 153
Chen Junchang, 178
Chen Kai, 159
Chen Lieting, 174
Chen Longxun, 184, 193, 194
Chen Panqin, 26, 32
Chen Qinglong, 26
Chen Quangong, 82
Chen Shixun, 167, 171, 175
Chen Shupeng, 26
Chen Tegu, 167
Chen Yongning, 26
Chen Yuejuan, 173
Chen Zijiu, 193
Cheng Guodong, 61
Cheng Jicheng, 159
Cheng Tianwen, 179
China and American Air-Sea Experiments (CHAASE), 96, 169
China Association for Science and Technology (CAST), 25, 38, 203
China Environmental Science (Zhongguo Huanjing Kexue), 43, 92
China Ocean Press, 50, 70
China Remote Sensing Satellite Ground Station
contact information for, 203
discussion of, 136-137
Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences (CAMS), 35, 37, 38, 49
contact information for, 203
discussion of, 138-139
research at, 93, 95, 98, 138-139, 183-185
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Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), 37, 38, 65, 75, 81, 112, 187-189, 190, 191, 192, 193, 194-195
ecological stations of, 197-202
function of, 5, 40-41
funding of global change research by, 40
initiative in global change education, 47-48
reports and articles by, 82
research priorities of, 3-4, 19, 28
Chinese Ecological Research Network (CERN), 5, 8-9, 28, 53, 113, 115, 140, 145, 151, 190
cooperation with U.S. Long-Term Ecological Research Network, 87-88
discussion of, 83-89
field stations of, 85, 197-200
information system of, 85-86
research of, 86-89, 111, 112, 200-202
subcenters of, 84-85
Synthesis Center of, 84-86, 113, 115, 140
Chinese National Climate Committee (CNCC), 18, 76
contact information for, 204
establishment of, 4, 32
organization and membership of, 32-34
research programs of, 34-35
Chinese National Committee for the International Geosphere-Biosphere
Program (CNCIGBP), 5, 8, 18
assistance to panel from, 19
Bulletin of the CNCIGBP, 29, 60
contact information for, 204
function of, 3-4
organization and membership of, 25-28
and projects relevant to IGBP, 30-32
research agenda of, 28-32, 111-112
workshops of, 29-30
Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences (CRAES), 35, 37, 38, 43, 93, 137, 186
Chinese Universities Remote Sensing Center, 159.
See also Institute of Remote Sensing Technology and Application Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), 16, 42-43, 185, 186
Chou Jifan, 32
Climate, 34
Climate-biosphere interactions, 112
Climate change.
See also National Climate Change Coordination Group;
Past Global Changes
effecting land cover change, 12, 108-116
impact on economic development, 24, 80
responses to, 36, 51
Climate change impacts, 4, 35, 42, 36, 139, 190-191
Climate Institute, 190
Climate models, 35, 68, 78, 138, 188
Climate Monitoring Bulletin, 76
Climate Physics in the Tropical Ocean, Atlas of, 77
Climate Research Center, 138
Climate research program. See Chinese National Climate Committee
Climate-vegetation interactions, 39, 62-65, 104-105, 164, 191
Climatology, land surface and hydrology, 65-69, 89
Coal
dependence on, 15, 16
emissions from burning, 9, 121, 122, 187
Coal-bed methane, 42, 187
Coastal zone.
See also Land-Ocean Interactions in the Coastal Zone (LOICZ);
Marine environments research
in China, 69-70
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definition of, 72
Collaboration
benefits of, 13
panel views on, 119, 121-124
with Australia, 76, 144, 193, 194
with Denmark, 193
with former Soviet Union, 148, 149, 158, 193
with France, 193
with Germany, 87, 162, 166, 193, 195
with Hong Kong, 194
with Japan, 43, 116, 136, 137, 148, 162, 192-194.
See also Sino-Japanese Atmosphere-Land Surface Processes Experiment (HEIFE)
with Korea, 192, 194
with Switzerland, 193, 195
with Taiwan, 194
with United Kingdom, 144
with United States, 75, 76, 87-88, 94, 96, 136, 142, 144, 148, 153, 158, 162, 166, 193-195
with Uruguay, 150, 195
Colorado State University, 87, 184
Columbia-Lamont Doherty Geological Observatory, 185
Commission for Integrated Survey of Natural Resources (CISNAR)
contact information for, 204
discussion of, 139-141
research conducted at, 41, 83, 84, 113
Commission on Atmospheric Chemistry and Global Pollution, 56
Committee on Data for Science and Technology (CODATA), 81
Committee on Scholarly Communication with the People's Republic of China (CSCPRC), 16-18, 88, 156
Conservation technologies, 42-43
Cooperative Ecological Research Project, 88, 166, 193
Coupled Ocean-Atmosphere Response Agreement (COARE), 75, 76
Cui Haiting, 26, 157, 158, 176
Cui Zhijiu, 157
D
Data.
See also World Data Center (WDC-D);
AVHRR
access to observational stratosphere ozone, 96
access to precipitation, 97
agricultural, 140
Chinese Ecological Research Network, 85-86
climate, 34, 143, 188
climate research subprogram on, 34-35
collection, management, and accessibility of Chinese, 39, 82, 120-121, 122
Commission for Integrated Survey of Natural Resources, 139-140
data management training, 190
forestry, 171
linkage between DIS and regional and national centers responsible for, 82
National Environmental Protection Agency, 43
oceanographic, 189
Data and Information Systems (DIS) for the IGBP, 8, 28, 145
description of, 81-82
institutes conducting research related to, 54
Deng Genyun, 173-174
Deng Nan, 26, 32, 51
Denmark, 193
Department of Agriculture, U.S., 182-183
Department of Energy, (U.S.)-Chinese Academy of Sciences (DOE-CAS) Joint Research on the Greenhouse Effect, 57, 89, 102, 142, 146, 187-189
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Department of Science and Technology for Social Development. See State Science and Technology Commission
Ding Yang, 164
Ding Yihui, 27, 138, 184, 185
Dinghushan Subtropical Forest Ecosystem Experiment Station, 165, 166, 198
Donahue, Thomas, 48
Dong Yuanhua, 152, 155
Dozier, Jeff, 149
Dust, 10, 15, 67, 95
study of long-range transport of, 5, 58, 116, 169, 190
E
East Asia/North Pacific Regional Study (APARE), 58-59, 94, 194
East China Normal University, 47
Eddy, John, 17
Education, 47-48, 80, 122
Ehleringer, James, 166
Eighth 5-Year Plan (1991–1995), 4, 29-30, 51
El Niño monitoring, 76-77
El Niño Southern Oscillation, 142, 148, 149, 168, 188
Ellis, James, 111
Emissions, 92-95.
See also Coal
biogenic, 2-3, 15, 103-104
data collection regarding, 39, 122
greenhouse gas, 5, 42, 51, 57, 184,
See also DOE-CAS industrial, 2-3
Environmental Chemistry (Huangjing Huaxue), 92, 161
Environmental Protection Agency, U.S., 42, 112, 152, 185-187
Environmental Science (Huangjing Kexue), 92, 161
Environmental Science and Technology Information (Huanjing Keji Qingbao), 43
Environmental Science Research (Huanjing Kexue Yanjiu), 43
F
Fan Xinqin, 157
Fang Weiqing, 27, 32
Fang Zongyi, 32
Feng Sijian, 32
Feng Zongwei, 113, 194
Fengqiu Comprehensive Agroecology Experiment Station, 154, 198
Field, Chris, 166
First Institute of Oceanography, 50, 70, 159
Fossil energy. See Science and Technology Umbrella Agreement, U.S.;
Coal
France, 193
Fraunhofer Institute, 57, 102, 195
Fu Baopu, 32
Fu Congbin, 27, 48, 81, 104
Fu Wei, 164
Fujimura, Mitsuru, 136
Fukang Desert Ecosystem Observation and Experiment Station, 170
Funding, 39-40, 43, 44, 45, 46, 119-120, 122, 161
G
Galloway, James, 19, 21, 191
Gan Shijun, 51
Gan Zijun, 32, 168
Gansu Grassland Project, 81-82
Gansu Grasslands Ecological Research Institute, 81-82, 110
Gao Youxi, 32, 194
General circulation models, 35, 39, 67, 142, 187, 190
Geographic information systems, 63, 85, 114, 115, 137, 145, 159
Geophysical data, 41
Georgia Institute of Technology, 94
Germany, 162, 166, 193, 195
Gifford, Roger, 164
Glaciers. See Ice core studies;
Lanzhou Institute of Glaciology
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and Geocryology;
World Data Center-D
Global Analysis, Interpretation, and Modeling (GAIM)
description of, 78
institutes conducting research related to, 54
Special Committee, 28
Global change.
See also Climate change
China's impact on, 24, 97
China's role in, 15-16
China's view of, 2-3, 23-24, 65
conceptual model of past, 29
sensitive areas of environmental change and detection of early signals of significant, 29-30
Global Change and Terrestrial Ecosystems (GCTE) project, 28, 108, 144, 191
China's vegetation and climate and, 62-63
explanation of, 62
institutes conducting research related to, 54
research related to, 29, 63-64
Global change education, 47-48, 80, 122
Global change programs
benefits of collaboration with Chinese in, 13
Chinese participation in international, 5-12
overview of, 24-25
panel views regarding, 119-124
workshops to implement China's, 29-30
Global Energy and Water Cycle Experiment (GEWEX). See Biospheric Aspects of the Hydrological Cycle
Global Environment Facility (GEF), 42, 79
Global Trends Network, 187
Gosz, James, 21, 88, 190
Grasslands, 31, 82, 86, 110-111.
See also Land cover change
Grasslands and Grassland Sciences in Northern China, 111
Great Britain, 144
Greenhouse gases, 184.
See also DOE-CAS;
Emissions;
IGAC;
Trace gases grant to study control and mitigation of, 42, 51
Guangzhou Institute of Geography contact information for, 204
discussion of, 141
research conducted at, 73
Guiyang Institute of Geochemistry, 149, 204
Guo Changming, 150
Guo Dexi, 32
Guo Shiqin, 27
H
Halons, 185, 186
Han Makang, 157
Han Shuti, 176
Hashimoto, Yoshikazu, 136
He Shanyu, 179
He Youhai, 168
Hebei Province General Hydrology Station, 101
Hehai University, 100, 101
Heshan Comprehensive Downland Experiment Station, 165, 198
Hing Ashi, 177
Historical analysis, 2, 3, 24, 32, 72-73, 109, 110, 113, 122, 138, 141, 185, 188, 190.
See also Past Global Changes
Hong Kong, 94, 194
Hong Yetang, 27
Hou Renzhi, 157
Hu Dunxin, 27, 32, 74, 160
Hu Huanling, 173
Hu Suozhong, 166
Huang Bingwei, 27
Huang Junxiong, 160
Huang Shengzhang, 179
Huang Wenhua, 158
Huang Zhenguo, 141, 177
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Huangdao Mariculture Experiment Station, 160, 198
Human Dimensions of Global Environmental Change Program (HD/GEC), 5, 79, 121
Chinese participation in, 8
discussion of, 53, 82
impacts, 36
institutes conducting research related to, 54
research related to, 83, 179
Hydrology, 7, 11, 29, 98
research conducted on, 64, 98-102, 164, 183
I
Ice core studies, 100, 148-149, 193
Inayoshi, Akira, 136
Industrial emissions, 2-3
INFOTERRA, 161
Inner Mongolia Grassland Ecosystem Experiment Station, 89, 106, 143, 199
Institute of Analysis and Measurement, 43
Institute of Arid Regions Research, 138
Institute of Atmospheric Environment, 43
Institute of Atmospheric Physics, 35, 39, 57, 58, 85
Annual Report of the Institute of Atmospheric Physics, 143
contact information for, 204
discussion of, 141-142
research conducted at, 89, 93, 96, 98, 100, 142-143
Scientia Atmospherica Sinica (Daqi Kexue), 92, 143
Institute of Botany, 39
contact information for, 204
discussion of, 143
ecological modeling at, 85
research conducted at, 104, 114, 115, 144
terrestrial ecosystems studies, 6, 63-65
Institute of Desalination, 50
Institute of Ecological Environment, 43
Institute of Environmental and Economic Policy Research, 43
Institute of Environmental Information, 43
Institute of Environmental Law Research, 43
Institute of Environmental Management, 43
Institute of Environmental Standards, 43
Institute of Forestry Science, 204
Institute of Geography, 60, 85, 115
contact information for, 204
Department of Hydrology, 72
discussion of, 144-145
Laboratory of Resources and Environment Information Systems, 114-115, 144-145
maps compiled by, 82
research conducted at, 89, 98, 101, 114, 115, 145-146
Institute of Geophysics, 41
Institute of Hydrological Engineering, 204
Institute of Karst Geology, 204
Institute of Low-Energy Physics, 135-136
Institute of Marine Environmental Protection, 50, 70
Institute of Marine Scientific and Technological Information, 50, 70
Institute of Ocean Technology, 50, 70
Institute of Remote Sensing Applications, 137
Institute of Remote Sensing Technology and Application (Peking University), 137, 158-159
Institute of Systems Science, 83
Institute of Water Environment, 43
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Institute of Zoology, 205
Integrated Research Center for Natural Resources and Agricultural Development, 84, 113, 140
Inter-American Institute for Global Change Research, 79
Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), 36
International Council of Scientific Unions (ICSU), 3, 24, 26, 28, 53, 73, 79
International Geographical Union, 101
International Geosphere-Biosphere Program (IGBP), 3, 5, 17, 24, 43, 71, 81, 121
projects relevant to, 30-32, 53-82, 11, 112, 173-178
International Global Atmospheric Chemistry (IGAC) Project, 28
East Asia/North Pacific Regional Study (APARE), 58-59, 94, 194
focus of, 5, 56-57
institutes conducting research related to, 54
research related to, 57-59, 94, 173-179
International Hydrology Project (UNESCO), 149
International Social Science Council, 5, 54, 82
J
Japan
collaboration with, 43, 94, 116, 136, 137, 148, 162, 192-194.
See also Sino-Japanese Atmosphere Land Surface Processes Experiment (HEIFE) measurement of aerosols over, 95
Japanese Environmental Protection Agency, 94, 193
Japanese Ministry of Foreign Affairs, 193
Japanese Science and Technology Agency, 193
Jiang Youxu, 32
Joint Global Ocean Flux Study (JGOFS), 7, 28, 160, 168
Chinese committee activities of, 73-74
institutes conducting research related to, 54-55
National Program on Margin Flux in East China Sea, 74-75
objectives of, 72, 73
research related to, 74-75, 178
K
Keio University, 136, 192
Ki Xingsheng, 173
Kiang, C. S., 19
Kong Xiangru, 61
Korea, 94, 192, 194
Korean Ocean Research and Development Institute, 58
Kotlyakov, M., 149
Kukla, George, 149
Kuroshio Ocean Current, 30, 50, 74, 75, 178, 193
Kyoto University, 65, 136, 192, 194
L
La Niña, 77
Laboratoire de glaciologie et geophsique de l'environnement, 193
Laboratory for Frozen Soil Engineering, National Key, 147
Laboratory for Quantitative Vegetation Analysis, 63;
See also reported as Laboratory for Quantitative Ecology, 144
Laboratory of Material Cycling in the Pedosphere, National Key, 154
Laboratory of Numerical Modeling for Atmospheric Sciences and
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Geophysical Fluid Dynamics (LASG), National Key, 143
Laboratory of Resources and Environment Information Systems (LREIS), National Key 114-115, 144-145
Land cover change
climate change effects on, 12, 108-116
dynamics of, 115-116
overview of, 108-109
research conducted on, 109-115
Land-Ocean Interactions in the Coastal Zone (LOICZ), 7, 28, 71-73, 77, 154, 168
discussion of, 71-72
institutes conducting research related to, 54-55
research related to, 72-73, 177-178
Landsat, 136, 137
Lanzhou Institute of Desert Research, 72, 110
Lanzhou Institute of Glaciology and Geocryology, 41, 60, 61, 143, 151, 170
contact information for, 205
discussion of, 147-148
research conducted at, 100, 148-150, 193
Lanzhou Institute of Plateau Atmospheric Physics, 35, 65, 143, 147
contact information for, 205
discussion of, 150-151
research conducted at, 151
Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 89
Leach, Beryl, 19
Li Bingyuan, 149
Li Fuxian, 50
Li Jijun, 61, 149
Li Peiji, 149, 174
Li Pingri, 141, 178
Li Tieying, 45
Li Wenhua, 27, 89, 179, 191
Li Yongqi, 27
Li Yushan, 156
Li Zechun, 32
Liaoning Normal University, 70
Life-supporting environment, 4, 30
Lin Guangsong, 155
Lin Hai, 27
Liu Chaohai, 149
Liu Chunzheng, 32, 100, 101
Liu Gengnian, 157
Liu Hongliang, 43
Liu Jibin, 36
Liu Jihan, 157
Liu Jingyi, 48, 163
Liu, Shaw, 19, 183
Liu Shida, 174
Liu Shu, 27
Liu Tungsheng, 27, 89, 168, 176, 195
Liu Xinren, 100
Liu Yubin, 33
Liu Yuyan, 176
Loess, 60, 168
Plateau, 30, 80, 121, 156, 169
Loess, Environment and Global Change, 170
London University, 105
Long-Term Ecological Research (LTER), U.S., 87-88, 89, 90, 170
Loucks, Orie, 89, 166, 191
Lu Jingting, 27
Lu Jiuyuan, 33
Lu Shouben, 27
Lu Ting, 135
Lue Youlang, 167
M
Ma Ainai, 159
Ma Bin, 179
Ma Peimin, 173
Ma Yang, 27
Man and the Biosphere (MAB) Program, 88-89, 165 191, 193, 204
Mao Handing, 179
Maousu Ecology Experiment Station, 143, 199
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Margin Flux in the East China Sea (MFECS), 74-75
Marine Environmental Forecasting Center, National, 50, 58, 70, 96
Marine environments research.
See also Joint Global Ocean Flux Study (JGOFS);
Land-Ocean Interactions in the Coastal Zone (LOICZ);
Tropical Ocean and Global Atmosphere (TOGA) Program
discussion of, 7, 69-70
institutions involved in, 54-55, 70-71
under U.S. Science and Technology Umbrella Agreement, 189
McCarthy, James, 17
Meteorological data, 49
Methane emissions, 15, 57, 103, 157, 189
from coal-bed, 42, 187
from rice paddies, 15, 57, 103, 182, 186, 195
Miami University, 191
Ministry of Agriculture (MOA), 49, 70, 82, 113, 140, 182, 205
Ministry of Chemical Industry, 42
Ministry of Energy, 49, 187
Ministry of Foreign Affairs (MOFA), 35, 205
Ministry of Forestry, 49
Ministry of Geology and Mineral Resources (MOGM), 71, 205
Ministry of Light Industry, 185
Ministry of Public Safety, 185
Ministry of Urban and Rural Construction, 49
Ministry of Water Resources (MOWR), 11
contact information for, 205
function of, 98
research conducted at, 99-100, 183
Monsoon research, 80, 139, 143, 148, 149, 184.
See also TOGA
Australian, 194
climate, 62, 76
East Asian, 76, 114
Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone, 1, 16, 42, 43
Mooney, Harold, 17
Multilateral and non-U.S, bilateral research programs, 192-195.
See also Collaboration;
individual countries
N
Nanjing Institute of Environmental Science, 43
contact information for, 205
discussion of, 152
research conducted at, 114, 186
Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, 61, 149, 155
contact information for, 205
discussion of, 152-154
research conducted at, 72, 100, 113
Nanjing Institute of Hydrology and Water Resources, 98, 100, 101
Nanjing Institute of Soil Science
contact information for, 205
research conducted at, 85, 104, 106, 152, 154
Nanjing University, 70
contact information for, 206
Department of Geo and Ocean Sciences, 70, 73, 113, 155-156
research conducted at, 93, 115
National Academy of Sciences, 16
National Aeronautics and Space Administration, U.S. (NASA), 58, 94, 182, 183
National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR), 89, 182, 189, 191
Community Climate Model, 139
National Center for Global Change Research, 80
National Climate Change
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Coordination Group (NCCCG), 11, 36, 49, 51, 102, 111
contact information for, 206
organization of, 35-36
National Environmental Protection Agency (NEPA), 37, 38
contact information for, 206
function of, 5, 35, 42-43, 97, 116
research conducted at, 93, 96-97, 112, 152, 185-187, 191, 193
Sino-Japan Friendship Environmental Protection Center, 43, 193
National key laboratory system, 52
National Meteorological Center, 34, 35, 49
National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC), 6, 38, 73, 90
contact information for, 206
function of, 5, 40, 43-45
funding of global change research by, 40, 59, 112, 120, 122, 173-179
Guide to Programs, 44
organization of, 44-45
National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration, U.S. (NOAA), 58, 76, 89, 94, 159, 183, 187, 189, 191
National Remote Sensing Center, 52, 159
National Satellite Meteorological Center, 49, 63
National Science Foundation (NSF), U.S., 2, 17, 18, 76, 87, 90, 184, 185
Natural resources data, 41
Net primary productivity, 104-105
New Mexico State University, 182
Nie Baofu, 167, 175
Ningbo Oceanography School, 50, 70
Nippon Environmental Pollution Control Center, 136
Nitrous oxide emissions, 103-104
North Korea, 155
Northern Illinois University, 192
Northwest Institute of Soil and Water Conservation
contact information for, 206
discussion of, 156-157
research conducted at, 106
O
Oak Ridge National Laboratory, 89
Ocean flux studies, 74-75.
See also Joint Global Ocean Flux Study (JGOFS);
Marine environments research
Ohio State University, 193
Open laboratory system, 41, 52
Oregon Graduate Institute of Science and Technology, 89, 189
Oregon State University, 87
Ouyang Ziyuan, 27
Ozone, 5, 10, 32, 56, 58, 96
P
Pacific Exploratory Mission (PEM), 58
East Asia/North Pacific Regional Study (APARE), 58-59, 94, 194
PEM-West, 58-59, 94, 95, 183
Pacific Science Association, 124
Paleoenvironments.
See also Past Global Changes studies in, 146, 157, 190, 192
uniqueness of Chinese records of, 6, 60, 61, 121
Pan Liangbao, 153
Pan Yushen, 61
Panel on Global Climate Change Sciences in China
formation of, 18
methodology of, 18-20
research areas focused on by, 91
views on collaboration prospects, 123-124
views on contributions to international research programs, 121-122
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views on global change programs, 119-121
Past Global Changes (PAGES), 4, 28, 29, 59-60, 112, 153, 157, 167
institutes conducting research related to, 55
research related to, 60-62, 80, 109, 174-177, 190, 192
Pei Chunli, 135
Peking University, 48, 58
Center for Environmental Sciences, 158, 206
contact information for, 206
Institute of Remote Sensing Technology and Application, 137, 158-159
research conducted at, 93, 96, 157-158
Penn State University, 194
Physikalisches Institut der Universität Bern, 193
Porter, Stephen, 169, 190
Precipitation composition, 11, 31, 56, 92, 93, 96-97, 157, 158, 163, 191
Pu Peimin, 153
Q
Qian Junlong, 153, 174
Qian Zhengxu, 178
Qin Dahe, 149-150, 195
Qin Guoxiong, 164
Qin Yunshan, 159
Qin Zenghao, 178
Qingdao Institute of Oceanology, 70, 72, 167
contact information for, 206
discussion of, 159-160
Qingdao Ocean University, 70, 159
Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, 51, 61, 62, 80, 113, 117, 122, 144, 146, 153, 183, 184
Qiu Guangwen, 33
Qu Geping, 42
R
Reardon-Anderson, James, 111
Reiners, William, 19
Ren Mei-e, 141, 155-156, 167, 178
Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences (RCEES)
contact information for, 206
discussion of, 160-161
research conducted at, 93, 97, 113, 161-163, 194
Rice paddy emissions. See Methane
Russia. See Soviet Union, former
Russian Academy of Sciences, 48, 158
S
Sacklette, Dr., 167
Schimel, David, 19
Science and Technology Umbrella Agreement, U.S.
agriculture protocol, 182-183
atmosphere protocol, 183-185
environment protocol, 185-187
fossil energy protocol, 187-189
marine/fishery protocol, 189
summaries of selected university-level bilateral projects, 190-192
Scientia Atmospherica Sinica (Daqi Kexue), 92, 143
Scientific institutions
contact information for, 203-207
funding of, 39-40
organization of, 4-5, 13, 37-39, 120
Second Institute of Oceanography, 50, 70
Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology
agricultural ecosystems studies by, 6, 64, 65
contact information for, 206
discussion of, 163-164
research conducted at, 1-5, 101, 164
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Shao Kesheng, 157
Shen Guoquan, 33
Shen Qiuxing, 27
Shen Shanmin, 27
Shen Wenxiong, 33
Shenyang Institute of Applied Ecology, 206
Shi Nianhai, 175
Shi Shaohua, 153
Shi Yafeng, 61, 100, 148-149, 153, 178
Sino-Japanese Atmosphere-Land Surface Processes Experiment (HEIFE), 35, 65-67, 89, 108, 150, 194
Snow cover studies, 149
Soil nutrient studies, 106
Song Jian, 26, 51
Song Xueliang, 176
South China Botanical Garden, 165
South China Institute of Botany, 89
contact information for, 206
discussion of, 165-166
South China Institute of Environmental Protection, 43
South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, 71, 72, 141
contact information for, 207
discussion of, 167
research conducted at, 72, 167-168
Soviet Union, former, 148, 149, 158, 193
Space science data, 41
State Education Commission (SEDC), 38
contact information for, 207
function of, 45, 47-48
State Environmental Protection Commission (SEPC), 35, 38, 42
contact information for, 207
function of, 5, 49
State Meteorological Administration (SMA), 38, 39, 59, 75, 76, 138.
See also Chinese Academy of Meteorological Science (CAMS)
contact information for, 207
function of, 5, 49, 57, 98, 116
National Meteorological Center, 34, 35, 49
National Satellite Meteorological Center, 49, 63
research conducted at, 93, 96-97, 183-185, 193, 194
State Oceanographic Administration (SOA), 37, 38, 71, 75, 96, 189, 193
contact information for, 207
function of, 5, 35, 49-50, 58
State Planning Commission (SPC), 38, 139, 144
contact information for, 207
function of, 5, 50
State Science and Technology Commission (SSTC), 4, 35, 38, 61
contact information for, 207
function of, 51-52
funding of global change research by, 40, 144
role of, 5, 36
State University of New York, Albany, 89, 184, 187
State University of New York, Stony Brook, 89, 187, 188
Su Weihan, 163
Su Weimin, 176
Sulfur dioxide. See Coal
Sun Guchou, 174
Sun Honglie, 27, 61, 88, 139
Sun Xiangjun, 175
Sun Yuke, 167
Switzerland, 193
Synthetic Aperture Radar, 137
System for Analysis, Research, and Training (START)
CNCIGBP proposal to Standing Committee of, 8, 79-81
description of, 79
institutes conducting research related to, 55-56
Sze, Nien Dak, 19
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T
Taihu Agroecology Experiment Station, 154, 199
Taihu Lake Comprehensive Experiment Station, 103, 199
Taiwan, 94, 194
Tang Keli, 156
Tang Maocang, 33, 61
Tang Peisung, 143
Tang Xiaoyan, 48, 157, 158
Tao Shiyan, 33
Terrestrial ecosystems, 6, 29
Thematic Mapper (TM) imagery, 136-137
Third Institute of Oceanography, 50, 71
Thompson, Lonnie, 148, 193
Tianshan Glacier Research Laboratory, 147
Tianshan Glaciology Research Station, 147, 170
Tibetan Plateau. See Qinghai-Tibet Plateau
Tibetan Plateau Institute, 138
Tieszen, Larry, 106
Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 194
Tongji University, 47, 70
Trace gases.
See also PEM-West
biotic controls on, 11-12, 102-108
impact of human activities on biological sources of, 29
monitoring of, 57-58
research conducted on, 9-10, 93-95, 162, 183, 190
Translation of Environmental Science (Huanjing Kexue Yicong), 43
Tropical Ocean and Global Atmosphere (TOGA) Program, 50, 58, 75-76, 96, 138, 168, 184, 185, 189, 193
El Niño monitoring by, 76-77
Equatorial Mesoscale Experiment, 194
explanation of, 4, 7, 35, 75
institutes conducting research related to, 56
monsoon climate research of, 76
observation programs of, 76
Tu Mengzhao, 165
Tu Qingying, 152
U
United Kingdom, 144
United Nations Conference on Environment and Development, 50
United Nations Development Program (UNDP), 42
United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), 87, 149, 193
United Nations Environment Program (UNEP), 105, 155
United States.
See also Science and Technology Umbrella Agreement, U.S. collaboration with, 75, 76, 87-88, 94, 96, 123, 136, 142, 144, 148, 153, 158, 162, 166, 193-195
University of Arizona, 185
University of Maryland, 190
University of Miami, 191
University of Michigan, 48
University of Minnesota, 153
University of New Mexico, 21
University of North Carolina, 158
University of Rhode Island, 58, 116, 169, 190
University of Science and Technology of China, 41, 47, 58, 93, 96
University of South Carolina, 192
University of Utah, 166
University of Virginia, 21, 87, 191
University of Washington, 190
University of Wisconsin, 185
Uruguay, 150, 195
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W
Waliguanshan Atmospheric Baseline Observatory, 94
Wan Guojiang, 175
Wang, Wei-Chyung, 19
Wang Baocan, 178
Wang Binke, 156
Wang Guiqin, 173
Wang Huadong, 48
Wang Juemou, 33
Wang Lixian, 27
Wang Mingxing, 136, 189
Wang Nailiang, 157
Wang Pinxian, 176
Wang Ren, 27
Wang Shaowu, 33, 157
Wang Suming, 153
Wang Tao, 110
Wang Tianduo, 64, 164
Wang, Wei-Chyung, 19, 188
Wang Wenxing, 43
Wang Xinfu, 135, 136
Wang Xinmin, 136
Wang Yangzu, 33
Wang Yuanzhong, 33
Water resources.
See also Hydrology
Water-Saving Agriculture on the North China Plain study, 64, 108, 164
Water Science Institute of the Yellow River Basin Commission, 100
Wei Dingwen, 173
Wen Jianping, 51
Wen Qizhong, 153
Weng Duming, 33
Wilson, William, 158, 187
Winchester, John, 19
World Climate Research Program (WCRP), 5, 44, 121
explanation of, 3, 24
research projects of, 35, 53
World Data Center (WDC-D), 35, 36, 41, 52, 81, 84, 113, 140, 145, 147
listing of WDC-D subcenters, 90
World Meteorological Organization (WMO), 3, 4, 24, 53, 138
World Ocean Circulation Experiment (WOCE), 50, 73, 168
Wu Baozhong, 33
Wu Yuguang, 135
Wuhan Hydraulic and Electrical Engineering University, 98, 100
X
Xia Xuncheng, 170
Xi'an Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology, 60, 136, 190, 195
contact information for, 207
discussion of, 168
research conducted at, 169-170
Xiao Lingmu, 175
Xiao Xuchang, 27
Xiaoliang Artificial Tropical Forest Ecosystem Experiment Station, 165, 166
Xie Xiangfang, 179
Xie Zichu, 148, 149
Xinjiang Institute of Biology, Pedology, and Desert Research
contact information for, 207
discussion of, 170-171
research conducted at, 106
Xinjiang Institute of Environmental Research, 43
Xu Daquan, 164
Xu Deying, 27
Xu Haipeng, 157
Xu Jialin, 48
Xu Songling, 174
Xu Xiru, 159
Y
Yan Hongmo, 49-50
Yang Daqing, 149
Yang Linzhang, 152, 155
Yang Wenhe, 33
Yang Xiangheng, 155
