Acronyms and Abbreviations
AAAS
American Association for the Advancement of Science
AFHS
Air Force Health Study
AFIP
Armed Forces Institute of Pathology
AHH
aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase
AIDS
acquired immune deficiency syndrome
ALA
δ-aminolevulinic acid
ALL
acute lymphocytic leukemia
ALS
Assembly of Life Sciences
ALT
alanine aminotransferase
AML
acute myeloid leukemia
AOS
Agent Orange Study
AOVI
Agent Orange Victims International
AOVS
Agent Orange Validation Study
AOWG
Agent Orange Working Group
AST
aspartate aminotransferase
BIRLS
Beneficiary Identification and Record Locator Subsystem (DVA)
BLS
Bureau of Labor Statistics
°C
degree Celsius
CAS
Chemical Abstracts Service
CCR
Cancer Control Region
CDC
Centers for Disease Control (now Centers for Disease Control and Prevention)
CER
Cancer Environment Registry (Sweden)
CFR
Code of Federal Regulations
CI
confidence interval
CLL
chronic lymphocytic leukemia
CLS
Commission on Life Sciences
cm
centimeter
CML
chronic myeloid leukemia
CNS
central nervous system
COPD
chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
CP
chlorophenol
CSM
cerebrospinal malformation
CTL
cytotoxic T lymphocyte
2,3-D
2,3-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid
2,4-D
2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid
DMSO
dimethyl sulfoxide
DMZ
Demilitarized Zone
DOD
Department of Defense
DRE
dioxin-responsive enhancer
DTH
delayed-type hypersensitivity
DVA
Department of Veterans Affairs (formerly the Veterans Administration)
EAS
Environmental Agents Service
EBV
Epstein-Barr virus
ECOD
ethoxycoumarin O-deethylase
EEG
electroencephalography
EES
Environmental Epidemiology Service
EGF
epidermal growth factor
EHAC
Veterans' Advisory Committee on Environmental Hazards
EKG
electrocardiogram
EMG
electromyography
EOI
exposure opportunity index
EPA
Environmental Protection Agency
EROD
ethoxyresorufin O-deethylase
ESG
Joint Services Environmental Support Group
FEF
forced expiratory flow
FEV
forced expiratory volume
FT4
free thyroxine
FVC
forced vital capacity
GAO
General Accounting Office
GBDS
General Birth Defects Study
GGT
gamma-glutamyltransferase
GI
gastrointestinal
HAC
Herbicide Assessment Commission
HAH
halogenated aromatic hydrocarbon
HCB
hexachlorobenzene
HD
Hodgkin's disease
HDL
high-density lipoprotein
HIV
human immunodeficiency virus
H/OCDD
hexa- to octachlorodibenzodioxin
H.R.
House resolution
IARC
International Agency for Research on Cancer
ICD
International Classification of Diseases
Ig
immunoglobulin
IOM
Institute of Medicine
i.p.
intraperitoneal
IRS
Internal Revenue Service
IUGR
intrauterine growth retardation
JEM
job exposure matrix
kd
kilodalton (103 daltons)
kg
kilogram (103 grams)
km
kilometer (103 meters)
LDL
low-density lipoprotein
m
meter
m2
square meter
m3
cubic meter
MACDP
Metropolitan Atlanta Congenital Defects Program
MACV
U.S. Military Assistance Command, Vietnam
MCDF
6-methyl-1,3,8-trichlorodibenzofuran
MCPA
2-methyl-4-chlorophenoxyacetic acid
MCPP
2-(4-chloro-2-methylphenoxy)propanoic acid
MDL
multidistrict litigation
MEDLARS
Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System
MeSH
Medical Subject Headings (National Library of Medicine)
MFO
mixed-function oxidase
mg
milligram (10-3 gram)
min
minute (time)
ml
milliliters
MM
multiple myeloma
MMPI
Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory
mol
mole
MOR
mortality odds ratio
MPTP
1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine
MRI
Midwest Research Institute
MTD
maximum tolerated dose
MWD
military working dog
MWMS
men without known military service
µg
microgram (10-6 gram)
µl
microliter (10-6 liter)
µmol
micromole (10-6 mole)
NAD
nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide
NAS
National Academy of Sciences
NaTCP
sodium trichlorophenol
NEPACCO
Northeast Pharmaceutical and Chemical Corporation
ng
nanogram (10-9 gram)
NHL
non-Hodgkin's lymphoma
NIOSH
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
NLM
National Library of Medicine
nM
nanomolar (10-9 molar)
nmol
nanomole (10-9 mole)
NRC
National Research Council
NSAID
nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug
NSVG
National Survey of the Vietnam Generation
NTP
National Toxicology Program
NVV
non-Vietnam veteran
OCDD
octachlorodibenzodioxin
OTA
Office of Technology Assessment
PBB
polybrominated biphenyl
PCB
polychlorinated biphenyl
PCDD
polychlorinated dibenzodioxin
PCT
porphyria cutanea tarda
PEPCK
phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase
pg
picogram (10-12 gram)
PH
phenoxy acid herbicide
PMN
polymorphonuclear neutrophil
pmol
picomole (10-12 mole)
PMR
proportionate mortality ratio
PNS
peripheral nervous system
ppb
parts per billion
ppm
parts per million
ppt
parts per trillion
pre-SEA
pre-Southeast Asia
PRR
prevalence risk ratio
PTD
preterm delivery
PTF
Patient Treatment File (Veterans Administration)
PTSD
posttraumatic stress disorder
RH
Ranch Hand
RR
relative risk
rt3
reverse triiodothyronine
S.
Senate
SCL-90
Self-Report Symptom Inventory-Revised-90
SCS
Selected Cancers Study
SES
socioeconomic status
SIR
standardized incidence ratio
SLE
systemic lupus erythematosus
SMbR
standardized morbidity ratio
SMR
standardized mortality ratio
SRBC
sheep red blood cell
SRR
standardized rate ratio
SSA
Social Security Administration
STS
soft tissue sarcoma
2,4,5-T
2,3,4-trichlorophenoxyacetic acid
T3
triiodothyronine
T4
thyroxine
TBDD
2,3,7,8-tetrabromodibenzo-para-dioxin
TCDD
2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-para-dioxin
TCP
trichlorophenol
TGF-α
transforming growth factor-α
TMAO
trimethylarsine oxide
TNF
tumor necrosis factor
TSH
thyroid-stimulating hormone
TT3
total triiodothyronine
TT4
total thyroxine
UDPGT
uridine 5' -diphosphate glucuronosyltransferase
UROD
uroporphyrinogen decarboxylase