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Alternative Technologies for the Destruction of Chemical Agents and Munitions
E Technology Developers That Supplied Information
In addition to the presentations at the committee's workshop (see Appendix F), material was received by the committee on a variety of technologies. The committee considered this material in its work but not all the material received was necessarily germane to the committee's interests. Materials were received from the following:
AEA Technology
Dounreay
Ag(II) process
Thurso
Caithness KW14 7TZ
Contact: Dr. W. Batey
This process generates highly oxidizing species in an electrochemical cell to treat organic wastes and oxidize them to carbon dioxide and water.
BOVAR Corporation
10200 Richmond Avenue
Lewisite Neutralization Technology
Suite 150
Houston, TX 77042 (713) 789-1084
Contact: Hamish Adam, General Manager
This process is carried out in four steps: reaction of lewisite with an oxidizing agent; removal of residual oxidizing agent; decomposition of the products of lewisite oxidation through addition of NaOH; and chemical fixation of the products of acid decomposition to prevent leaching of arsenic salts.
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OCR for page 244
Alternative Technologies for the Destruction of Chemical Agents and Munitions
E
Technology Developers That Supplied Information
In addition to the presentations at the committee's workshop (see Appendix F), material was received by the committee on a variety of technologies. The committee considered this material in its work but not all the material received was necessarily germane to the committee's interests. Materials were received from the following:
AEA Technology
Dounreay
Ag(II) process
Thurso
Caithness KW14 7TZ
Contact: Dr. W. Batey
This process generates highly oxidizing species in an electrochemical cell to treat organic wastes and oxidize them to carbon dioxide and water.
BOVAR Corporation
10200 Richmond Avenue
Lewisite Neutralization Technology
Suite 150
Houston, TX 77042 (713) 789-1084
Contact: Hamish Adam, General Manager
This process is carried out in four steps: reaction of lewisite with an oxidizing agent; removal of residual oxidizing agent; decomposition of the products of lewisite oxidation through addition of NaOH; and chemical fixation of the products of acid decomposition to prevent leaching of arsenic salts.
OCR for page 245
Alternative Technologies for the Destruction of Chemical Agents and Munitions
Dynecology Incorporated
611 Harrison Avenue
The Toxiplex Slagging Gasification Process for the Thermal Destruction of Chemical Warfare Agents
Harrison, NY 10528
(914) 967-8674
Contact: Helmut W. Schulz
This is a gasification process (with steam and oxygen) that provides for the conversion of a broad spectrum of toxic and refractory organic substances into a clean fuel or synthesis gas.
Elkem Technology
P.O. Box 4376 Torshov
Electric Arc Furnaces
N-0402 Oslo 4
Norway
Contact: Arne K. Stoyle
Information was provided on the Elkem Multi-purpose Furnace®, an electric smelting technology.
Electrochemical Oxidation Systems
3445 Greer Road
Mediated Electrochemical Oxidation Processes for Chemical Weapons Materials
Palo Alto, CA 94303-4210
(415) 494-6982
Contact: Norvell Nelson, President
In this electrochemical process, very reactive high-oxidation-state metal ions are generated that react either directly or indirectly with organic materials.
Florida International University
Drinking Water Research Center
High-energy Electron Beam Irradiation for the Removal of Toxic and Hazardous Organic Chemicals from Water and Wastewater
University Park Campus
Miami, FL 33199
(305) 348-2826
Contact: William J. Cooper, Director and Associate Professor
In this process, high-energy electrons impact an aqueous solution, generating reactive transient species that destroy hazardous contaminants.
OCR for page 246
Alternative Technologies for the Destruction of Chemical Agents and Munitions
Gene Syst International, Inc.
9326 Fairfax Street
Supercritical-Water Oxidation
Alexandria, VA 22309
(703) 780-8821
Contact: James A. Titmas
Information supplied on the application of supercritical-water oxidation (SCWO) to destroy various organic contaminants including a below-ground SCWO technology.
HALLIBURTON NUS Environmental Corporation
Environmental Technologies Group
Ultrox UV/Oxidation Process
5950 North Course Drive
P.O. Box 721110
Houston, TX 77272
(713) 561-1556
Contact: Roberto E. Frulla, Executive Vice President
This process dilutes chemical agent(s) into water, and then destroys the highly diluted chemical agent(s) by oxidizing them at ambient temperature in an ULTROX® ultraviolet light and hydrogen peroxide reactor.
Highly Filled Materials Institute
Stevens Institute of Technology
Concomitant Chemical Neutralization of Chemical Ammunitions and Encapsulation of Neutralization Products Using Twin Screw Extrusion
Castle Point
Hoboken, NJ 07030
(201) 216-8225/(201) 216-5119
Contacts: Professor Dilhan M. Kalyon, Professor Suphan Kovenklioglu
This process describes a system for using a neutralizing agent and then encapsulating the products in a polymeric matrix. A mechanical system for accomplishing this is described.
OCR for page 247
Alternative Technologies for the Destruction of Chemical Agents and Munitions
IIT Research Institute
10 West 35th Street
Ozone/UV/Fluorocarbon Solvent System
Chicago, IL 60616-3799
(312) 567-4000
Contact: Alan Snelson, Ph.D., Science
Advisor, Chemical Sciences Section
This is a non-aqueous method for biological or chemical decontamination. Ozone is dissolved in a fluorocarbon solvent, and ultraviolet radiation is used to decompose chemical warfare materials.
Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
Department of Chemistry and Materials Science
Oxidation Using Catalyzed Peroxy Disulfate and Peroxide
Livermore, CA
(510) 423-6649
Contact: John F. Cooper
This direct chemical oxidation process proposes using alternate treatments with catalyzed peroxydisulfate (persulfate) and catalyzed hydrogen peroxide in a dosed, aqueous-phase, ambient temperature system.
Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
University of California
Radiolytic Decomposition of Hazardous Wastes and Chemical Weapon Surrogates
P.O. Box 808, L-619
Livermore, CA 94550
Contact: Stephen M. Matthew, Ph.D.,
Senior Physicist
In this process, it is proposed that radiation, either from a cobalt source or from X-rays generated from an electron accelerator, be used to detoxify chemical warfare agents. The proposal is to destroy these chemicals without removal from weapons.
OCR for page 248
Alternative Technologies for the Destruction of Chemical Agents and Munitions
Lapidus & Associates
Suite 1210
Self-Cooled Containment Building
Allegheny Building
429 Forbes Avenue
Pittsburgh, PA 15219
(412) 261-9222
Contact: Robert A. Lapidus
The Serf-Cooled Containment Building was developed to deal with air pollution and heat generated in coke battery operations. The containment building is designed to provide complete containment of any pollution products of combustion or any chemicals that have not been treated in the combustion phase.
MRK, Inc.
2602 Main Street
Closed Loop Incineration Process
Baker, LA 70714
(504) 344-5063
Contact: C.C. Efferson
A potential Closed Loop Incineration System (CLIS) that utilizes known technology to recycle the maximum amount of flue gas and converts the remaining exit flue gas into a usable product.
Plasma Energy Applied Technology, Inc.
4914 Moores Mill Road
Plasma Waste Energy Waste Processing System
Huntsville, AL 35811
(205) 859-3006
Contact: William C. Bums, PE,
Vice President & General Manager
A system that uses a plasma torch to thermally treat wastes, converting inorganic material to a vitrified glass-like solid and organic matter to a gas composed of simple molecules such as hydrogen and carbon monoxide.
Plasma Systems Incorporated
10103 Sanders Court
''Plasmadestruct'' Process for Destruction of Chemical Weapons
Great Falls, VA 22066
(804) 448-1633
Contact: Steve Horvath, Tony Gedeon
OCR for page 249
Alternative Technologies for the Destruction of Chemical Agents and Munitions
"Plasmadestruct" is a patented process for the thermal destruction and vitrification of hazardous wastes. It is a pyrolytic process utilizing non-transferred arc plasma generators as a heat source to gasify and thermally destroy complex organic compounds.
Tech Three Inc.
2519 P Street, NW
Attributes of Ozone as a Highly Effective Oxidizer
Washington, DC 20007
(202) 338-1278
Contact: John Page, President
The "Electromagnetically and Sonically Enhanced Ozone Oxidation Process" routes a liquid medium through an electrostatic treater. It is then routed into an injection chamber where ozone that has been electrostatically treated and magnetically enhanced is injected. It then goes to a chamber with sonic probes that agitate the medium. Heavy metals are filtered out.
Toxco
P.O. Box 396
Neutralization of Lithium-Filled Containers
Claremont, CA 91711
(714) 624-4010
Contact: William J. McLaughlin, President
This process involves immersion of munitions in liquid argon or nitrogen, shredding of the munitions, chemical neutralization, and incineration of the metal casing.
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