Violence
and Mental Health
Opportunities for Prevention
and Early Detection
PROCEEDINGS OF A WORKSHOP
Deepali Patel, Rapporteur
Forum on Global Violence Prevention
Board on Global Health
Health and Medicine Division
THE NATIONAL ACADEMIES PRESS
Washington, DC
www.nap.edu
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This project was supported by AB InBev; Administration for Community Living; Archstone; Avon Foundation; Becton, Dickinson and Company; Catholic Health Initiative; Department of Labor; Felix Foundation; JSI Research & Training Institute, Inc. (U.S. Agency for International Development); Kaiser Permanente; Leading Age; National Institute for the Evaluation of Education; National Institutes of Health; New Venture Fund; Oak Foundation; and Robert Wood Johnson Foundation. Any opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in this publication do not necessarily reflect the views of any organization or agency that provided support for the project.
International Standard Book Number-13: 978-0-309-46662-2
International Standard Book Number-10: 0-309-46662-8
Digital Object Identifier: https://doi.org/10.17226/24916
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Suggested citation: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2018. Violence and mental health: Opportunities for prevention and early intervention: Proceedings of a workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: https://doi.org/10.17226/24916.
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PLANNING COMMITTEE ON MENTAL HEALTH AND VIOLENCE: OPPORTUNITES FOR PREVENTION AND EARLY INTERVENTION1
MARGARET M. MURRAY (Co-Chair), Director, Global Alcohol Research Program, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health
MARK L. ROSENBERG (Co-Chair), President and Chief Executive Officer, The Task Force for Global Health
ALBERT J. ALLEN, Senior Medical Fellow, Bioethics and Pediatric Capabilities, Global Medical Affairs and Development Center of Excellence, Eli Lilly and Company
MADELON BARANOSKI, Associate Professor of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine
ROBERT BERNSTEIN, President and Executive Director, Judge David L. Bazelon Center for Mental Health and Law
JAMES BLAIR, Chief, Unit on Affective Cognitive Neuroscience, National Institute of Mental Health
C. HENDRICKS BROWN, Professor, Departments of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences and Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine
ERIC CAINE, Co-Director, Center for the Study and Prevention of Suicide, University of Rochester
SHELDON GREENBERG, Professor, Division of Public Safety Leadership, Johns Hopkins University School of Education
VICKIE M. MAYS, Professor, Department of Health Policy and Management, University of California, Los Angeles
___________________
1 The National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine’s planning committees are solely responsible for organizing the workshop, identifying topics, and choosing speakers. The responsibility for this published Proceedings of a Workshop rests with the workshop rapporteur and the institution.
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FORUM ON GLOBAL VIOLENCE PREVENTION1
JACQUELYN C. CAMPBELL (Co-Chair), Anna D. Wolf Chair and Professor, Johns Hopkins University School of Nursing (Until December 2017)
MARK L. ROSENBERG (Co-Chair), President and Chief Executive Officer, The Task Force for Global Health (until March 2014)
ALBERT J. ALLEN, Senior Medical Fellow, Bioethics and Pediatric Capabilities, Global Medical Affairs and Development Center of Excellence, Eli Lilly and Company (until June 2014)
FRANCES ASHE-GOINS, Deputy Director, Office on Women’s Health, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (until August 2014)
SUSAN BISSELL, Associate Director, Child Protection Section, United Nations Children’s Fund (until February 2014)
ARTURO CERVANTES TREJO, National Institute of Educational Evaluation, Mexico (until August 2017)
KATHY GREENLEE, Assistant Secretary for Aging, Administration on Aging, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (until September 2016)
RODRIGO V. GUERRERO, Mayor, Cali, Colombia (until August 2017)
DAVID HEMENWAY, Professor of Health Policy; Director, Injury Control Research Center and the Youth Violence Prevention Center, Harvard University School of Public Health (until December 2014)
FRANCES HENRY, Advisor, F Felix Foundation (until June 2016)
L. ROWELL HUESMANN, Amos N. Tversky Collegiate Professor of Psychology and Communication Studies; Director, Research Center for Group Dynamics, Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan (until June 2014)
CAROL M. KURZIG, President, Avon Foundation for Women (until September 2014)
VALERIE MAHOLMES, Chief, Pediatric Trauma and Critical Illness Branch, National Institutes of Health (until September 2015)
BRIGID McCAW, Medical Director, NCal Family Violence Prevention Program, Kaiser Permanente (until August 2017)
JAMES A. MERCY, Special Advisor for Strategic Directions, Division of Violence Prevention, National Center for Injury Prevention and Control, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (until August 2017)
___________________
1 The National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine’s forums and roundtables do not issue, review, or approve individual documents. The responsibility for this published Proceedings of a Workshop rests with the workshop rapporteur and the institution.
MICHELE MOLONEY-KITTS, Managing Director, Together for Girls (until December 2016)
LAURA MOSQUEDA, Associate Dean of Primary Care, University of California, Irvine, School of Medicine (until August 2017)
MARGARET M. MURRAY, Director, Global Alcohol Research Program, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health (until September 2015)
JOHN T. PICARELLI, Program Manager for Transnational Issues, National Institute of Justice
COLLEEN SCANLON, Senior Vice President, Advocacy, Catholic Health Initiatives (until August 2017)
MAISHA SIMMONS, Program Officer, Vulnerable Populations Team, Robert Wood Johnson Foundation (until May 2016)
EVELYN TOMASZEWSKI, Senior Policy Advisor, Human Rights and International Affairs, National Association of Social Workers (until August 2017)
ELIZABETH WARD, Chair, Violence Prevention Alliance, University of the West Indies, Mona Campus (until August 2017)
Health and Medicine Division Staff
AUDREY GROCE, Senior Program Assistant (until September 2014)
RACHEL M. TAYLOR, Associate Program Officer (until August 2014)
KIMBERLY SCOTT, Senior Program Officer (until May 2015)
KATHERINE BLAKESLEE, Global Program Advisor, Board on Global Health (until December 2014)
JULIE PAVLIN, Senior Board Director (from November 2016)
KATHERINE PEREZ, Senior Program Assistant (from August 2017)
JULIE WILTSHIRE, Financial Associate (until November 2014)
PATRICK W. KELLEY, Senior Board Director, Board on Global Health (until July 2016)
Reviewers
This Proceedings of a Workshop was reviewed in draft form by individuals chosen for their diverse perspectives and technical expertise. The purpose of this independent review is to provide candid and critical comments that will assist the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine in making each published proceedings as sound as possible and to ensure that it meets the institutional standards for quality, objectivity, evidence, and responsiveness to the charge. The review comments and draft manuscript remain confidential to protect the integrity of the process.
We thank the following individuals for their review of this proceedings:
ALBERT J. ALLEN, Eli Lilly and Company
MEDELON V. BARANOSKI, Yale School of Medicine
GREG BROWN, Nipissing University
PAOLO DEL VECCHIO, Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration
Although the reviewers listed above provided many constructive comments and suggestions, they were not asked to endorse the content of the proceedings nor did they see the final draft before its release. The review of this proceedings was overseen by NANCY E. ADLER, University of California, San Francisco. She was responsible for making certain that an independent examination of this proceedings was carried out in accordance with standards of the National Academies and that all review comments were carefully considered. Responsibility for the final content rests entirely with the rapporteur and the National Academies.
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Contents
Forum on Global Violence Prevention
Organization of the Proceedings of a Workshop
Violence and Mental Illness: What Do We Know? What Do We Need? What Can We Do?
Operational Definitions for the Workshop
Relationship Between Mental Illness and Violence
Neurocognitive Mechanisms of Violent Behavior
3 AT THE INTERSECTION OF MENTAL HEALTH AND VIOLENCE
Experiences and Perspectives Related to Mental Health and Violence
Detecting and Assessing Mental Health Dysfunction and Risk for Violence
Restricting the Means of Violence
Alcohol, Alcohol Use Disorders, and Violence
5 PREVENTION, INTERVENTION, AND TREATMENT
Mental Health Services and Violence
Interface with the Justice Community and Opportunities for Intervention
6 ASSEMBLING THE PIECES AND INTEGRATING ELEMENTS
Evaluation of Programs for Violence Prevention and Mental Health Promotion
Reflections and the Way Forward
Boxes, Figures, and Tables
BOXES
5-1 Issues Across the Criminal Justice System
5-2 What Police Patrol Officers Want Mental Health Practitioners to Know
FIGURES
A-1 Mental health expenditures
A-2 The impact of being bullied on functioning in adulthood
A-3 Adjusted mean young adult CRP levels (mg/L) based on childhood/adolescent bullying status
TABLES
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