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Suggested Citation:"V. Potential Performance-Enhancing Food Components." Institute of Medicine. 1994. Food Components to Enhance Performance: An Evaluation of Potential Performance-Enhancing Food Components for Operational Rations. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/4563.
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PART V
Potential Performance-Enhancing Food Components

IN PART V, the performance-enhancing capacities of several food components are reviewed. Prior to the workshop the Army identified a number of food components that they specifically requested the Committee on Military Nutrition Research to evaluate. In response to this request the committee invited ten well known scientists to provide reviews of these food components and make their own recommendations regarding the potential of these food components to enhance performance. The first chapter presents an overview of ergogenic aids. This is followed by a discussion of issues relating nutrients and neurotransmitter release and behavioral consequences. Discussed next are the performance-enhancing effects of protein and amino acids, followed by a description of the results of human and animal studies evaluating the effects of tyrosine supplements on mental performance under stressful conditions, and the effects of tyrosine in reducing cognitive deficits resulting from cold stress. Treated next in this section are, the role of carbohydrate in fatigue and the effects of carbohydrate on cognitive performance. Reviews of the effects of choline on human performance; the effects of caffeine on cognitive performance, mood, and alertness; and the effects of carnitine on enhancing physical performance, close this section.

Suggested Citation:"V. Potential Performance-Enhancing Food Components." Institute of Medicine. 1994. Food Components to Enhance Performance: An Evaluation of Potential Performance-Enhancing Food Components for Operational Rations. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/4563.
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This page in the original is blank.
Suggested Citation:"V. Potential Performance-Enhancing Food Components." Institute of Medicine. 1994. Food Components to Enhance Performance: An Evaluation of Potential Performance-Enhancing Food Components for Operational Rations. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/4563.
×
Page 221
Suggested Citation:"V. Potential Performance-Enhancing Food Components." Institute of Medicine. 1994. Food Components to Enhance Performance: An Evaluation of Potential Performance-Enhancing Food Components for Operational Rations. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/4563.
×
Page 222
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The physiological or psychological stresses that employees bring to their workplace affect not only their own performance but that of their co-workers and others. These stresses are often compounded by those of the job itself. Medical personnel, firefighters, police, and military personnel in combat settings—among others—experience highly unpredictable timing and types of stressors.

This book reviews and comments on the performance-enhancing potential of specific food components. It reflects the views of military and non-military scientists from such fields as neuroscience, nutrition, physiology, various medical specialties, and performance psychology on the most up-to-date research available on physical and mental performance enhancement in stressful conditions. Although placed within the context of military tasks, the volume will have wide-reaching implications for individuals in any job setting.

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