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Nutrient Requirements of Laboratory Animals: Fourth Revised Edition, 1995
TABLE 2-3 Examples of Natural-Ingredient Diets Used for Rat and Mouse Breeding Colonies at the National Institutes of Health
Ingredient
Conventional
(NIH-07)
Autoclavable
(NIH-31)
Basic Diet, g/kg diet
Dried skim milk
50.0
Fish meal (60% protein)
100.0
90.0
Soybean meal (48% protein)
120.0
50.0
Alfalfa meal, dehydrated (17% protein)
40.0
20.0
Corn gluten meal (60% protein)
30.0
20.0
Ground #2 yellow shelled corn
245.0
210.0
Ground hard winter wheat
230.0
355.0
Ground whole oats
100.0
Wheat middlings
100.0
100.0
Brewer's dried yeast
20.0
10.0
Dry molasses
15.0
Soybean oil
25.0
15.0
Salt
5.0
5.0
Dicalcium phosphate
12.5
15.0
Ground limestone
5.0
5.0
Mineral premix
1.2
2.5
Vitamin premix
1.3
2.5
Mineral Premix, mg/kg diet
Cobalt (as cobalt carbonate)
0.44
0.44
Copper (as copper sulfate)
4.40
4.40
Iron (as iron sulfate)
132.30
66.20
Manganese (as manganous oxide)
66.20
110.00
Zinc (as zinc oxide)
17.60
11.00
Iodine (as calcium iodate)
1.54
1.65
Vitamin Premix, per kg diet
Stabilized vitamin A palmitate or stearate
6,060.00 IU
24,300.00 IU
Vitamin D3 (D-activated animal sterol)
5,070.00 IU
4,190.00 IU
Vitamin K (menadione activity)
3.09 mg
22.10 mg
All-rac-α-tocopheryl acetate
22.10 mg
16.50 mg
Choline chloride
617.00 mg
772.00 mg
Folic acid
2.43 mg
1.10 mg
Niacin
33.10 mg
22.10 mg
Ca-d-pantothenate
19.80 mg
27.60 mg
Pyridoxine-HCl
1.87 mg
2.21 mg
Riboflavin supplement
3.75 mg
5.51 mg
Thiamin mononitrate
11.0 mg
71.7 mg
d-Biotin
0.15 mg
0.13 mg
Vitamin B12 supplement
0.004 mg
0.015 mg
NOTE: Amounts listed for mineral and vitamin premixes represent the mass or IU of the specific mineral element or vitamin rather than the added compounds.
SOURCES: Knapka (1983), Knapka et al. (1974), and National Institutes of Health (1982).
growth (AIN-93G) and maintenance (AIN-93M) of rats and mice (Reeves et al., 1993a,b; Reeves et al., 1994). These diets are included in Table 2-5.
ENERGY
Purified diets containing 5 to 10 percent fat have gross
TABLE 2-4 Example of a Commonly Used Purified Diet (AIN-76A) for Rats
SOURCE: American Institute of Nutrition (1977, 1980).
a Betahydroxytoluene or Santoquin.
b As stabilized powder to provide 400,000 IU vitamin A activity (120,000 retinol equivalents).
c As stabilized powder to provide 5,000 IU vitamin E activity.
energy (GE) values of about 4.0 to 4.5 Mcal/kg (17 to 19 MJ/kg). The digestible energy (DE) of most purified diets ranges from 90 to 95 percent of GE (Hartsook et al., 1973; McCraken, 1975; Deb et al., 1976). The metabolizable energy (ME) varies from 90 to 95 percent of DE (Hartsook et al., 1973; Pullar and Webster, 1974; McCraken, 1975; Deb et al., 1976). These values may be somewhat lower when diets formulated from natural-ingredients are used
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