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Modernizing the U.S. Census (1995)
Commission on Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education (CBASSE)

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438
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Modernizing the U.S. Census

APPENDIX
M
Census Data Requirements by Federal Agencies

In 1992, the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) requested federal agencies to document their statutory justification for decennial census data. Federal agencies provided a list of specific census items that they used, the statutory source supporting their use, the purpose of the data, and possible alternative sources of data.

OMB subsequently had Bureau of the Census staff code the federal agency responses by (1) census topic, (2) lowest level of geography required, and (3) requirement classification. Three levels of requirement classification were distinguished:

  • Mandated—decennial census data mandated by legislation;

  • Required—data specifically required by legislation, but decennial census not named as source, the census is the only or historical source of data;

  • Programmatic—data used for agency program, planning, implementation, evaluation or to provide legal evidence.

    From this review, it appears that all 1990 census items are needed for mandated, required, or programmatic purposes, as shown below (see Office of Management and Budget, 1994):

  • Mandated items. For each person: age, sex, race, Hispanic origin, household relationship; for each housing unit: tenure; for a sample of persons: marital status, education, place of birth, citizenship, year of entry, language, veteran status, place of work, journey to work, and income; for a sample of

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438

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OCR for page 438
Modernizing the U.S. Census APPENDIX M Census Data Requirements by Federal Agencies In 1992, the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) requested federal agencies to document their statutory justification for decennial census data. Federal agencies provided a list of specific census items that they used, the statutory source supporting their use, the purpose of the data, and possible alternative sources of data. OMB subsequently had Bureau of the Census staff code the federal agency responses by (1) census topic, (2) lowest level of geography required, and (3) requirement classification. Three levels of requirement classification were distinguished: Mandated—decennial census data mandated by legislation; Required—data specifically required by legislation, but decennial census not named as source, the census is the only or historical source of data; Programmatic—data used for agency program, planning, implementation, evaluation or to provide legal evidence. From this review, it appears that all 1990 census items are needed for mandated, required, or programmatic purposes, as shown below (see Office of Management and Budget, 1994): Mandated items. For each person: age, sex, race, Hispanic origin, household relationship; for each housing unit: tenure; for a sample of persons: marital status, education, place of birth, citizenship, year of entry, language, veteran status, place of work, journey to work, and income; for a sample of

OCR for page 439
Modernizing the U.S. Census housing units: number of rooms, vehicles, year structure built, and farm residence. Required items. For a sample of persons: disability, labor force status, occupation, industry, class of worker; for a sample of housing units: units in structure, rent, year moved in, number of bedrooms, plumbing, kitchen, fuels, utilities, and selected monthly ownership costs. Program items. For a sample of persons: ancestry, residence 5 years ago, children ever born, work status last year, and year last worked; for a sample of housing units: condominium, value of home, telephone, and water/sewer. Table M.1 shows the geographic area requirements for mandated, required, and programmatic census items. With few exceptions, census data are needed for small areas. Most census data are needed for aggregations of blocks, census tracts, or minor civil divisions and places. The table is based on material provided by the Office of Management and Budget (1994). OMB is still receiving responses to its June 9, 1994, request for documentation from federal agencies. REFERENCE Office of Management and Budget 1994 Memorandum on topics for inclusion in the year 2000 census for Heads of Departments and Agencies dated June 9, 1994 from Leon Panetta. With attachments. Office of Management and Budget, Executive Office of the President, Washington, D.C.

OCR for page 440
Modernizing the U.S. Census TABLE M.1  Overview of Mandated, Required, and Programmatic Decennial Census Topics by Lowest Level of Geography for Which Data Are Needed   Lowest Level of Geography Item Block Aggregation of Blocks Census Tracta Place (with or without MCD) County State or Nation Relationship This item will be collected at the block level for coverage and other reasons. Mandated— school district         Sex This item will be collected at the block level for coverage and other reasons. (Programmatic) Mandated— school district         Race This topic will be collected at the block level for coverage and other reasons. (Programmatic)     Mandated     Age This topic will be collected at the block level for coverage and other reasons. (Programmatic) Mandated— school district        

OCR for page 441
Modernizing the U.S. Census Hispanic origin This topic will be collected at the block level for coverage and other reasons. (Programmatic)     Mandated     Marital status       Mandated     Education   Mandated— school district         Place of birth, citizenship, year of entry   Required— school district   Mandated     Ancestry     Programmatic       Language   Mandated— school district         Residence 5 years ago     Programmatic       Disability   Required— school district         Children ever born         Programmatic Veteran status   Programmatic— Zip code Required     Mandated Labor force status   Programmatic— Zip code     Required  

OCR for page 442
Modernizing the U.S. Census   Lowest Level of Geography Item Block Aggregation of Blocks Census Tracta Place (with or without MCD) County State or Nation Occupation, industry,     class of worker   Programmatic— Zip code   Required     Place of work, journey to work   Required—traffic analysis zone     Mandated   Work status last year     Programmatic       Income Programmatic Mandated— school district         Year last worked     Programmatic       Units in structure   Programmatic Required       Rooms   Programmatic Mandated       Tenure This topic will be collected at the block level for coverage and other reasons. (Programmatic)   Mandated      

OCR for page 443
Modernizing the U.S. Census Value   Programmatic       Rent   Programmatic Required     Year moved in         Required Bedrooms   Programmatic Required     Plumbing   Programmatic Required     Kitchen   Programmatic Required     Telephone     Programmatic     Vehicles   Required—traffic analysis zone     Mandated Fuels   Programmatic     Required Water/sewer         Programmatic Year built   Programmatic Mandated     Condominium       Programmatic  

OCR for page 444
Modernizing the U.S. Census   Lowest Level of Geography Item Block Aggregation of Blocks Census Tracta Place (with or without MCD) County State or Nation Acreage/farm   Mandated         Utilities   Programmatic   Required     Selected monthly ownership costs Programmatic     Required     NOTES:  Mandated—decennial census data are specifically mandated by legislation. Required—data are specifically required by legislation; the census is the only or historical source. For each topic, the lowest level of geography for which data are needed is shown. Agencies providing input to the classification include Departments of Agriculture, Commerce, Defense, Education, Energy, Health and Human Services, Housing and Urban Development, Justice, Labor, Transportation, Veterans Affairs, Environmental Protection Agency, Equal Employment Opportunity Commission, the Federal Reserve, and National Science Foundation. a Includes block numbering area (BNA). Source:  Office of Management and Budget (1994).

Representative terms from entire chapter:

lowest level