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Isotopes for Medicine and the Life Sciences (1995)
Institute of Medicine (IOM)

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TABLE 4-1 Selected Accelerator-Produced Radionuclides and Their Uses

Radioisotope

Uses

Beryllium-7

Berylliosis studies

Magnesium-28

Magnesium tracer

Scandium-47

Radioimmunotherapy

Vanadium-48

Nutrition and environmental studies

Iron-52

Iron tracer, positron emitter

Iron-55

X-ray fluorescence source

Cobalt-57

Calibration of imaging instruments

Copper-61

Positron emitter for studies requiring longer time periods

Copper-64

Positron emitter for studies requiring longer time periods; radioimmunotherapy

Copper-67

Radioimmunotherapy

Zinc-62

Parent in the generator system for producing the positron-emitting 62Cu

Germanium-68

Parent in the generator system for producing the positron-emitting 68Ga; required in calibrating PET tomographs, potential antibody label

Arsenic-74

A positron-emitting chemical analog of phosphorus

Bromine-77

Radioimmunotherapy

Bromine-80m

Radioimmunotherapy

Strontium-82

Parent in generator system for producing the positron-emitting 82Rb, a potassium analog

Yttrium-88

Radioimmunotherapy

Zirconium-89

Radioimmunotheraphy, positron emitter

Ruthenium-97

Hepatobiliary function; tumor and inflammation localization

Cadmium-109

To analyze metal alloys for checking stock, scrap sorting

Indium-111

Radioimmunotherapy

Iodine-123

SPECT brain-imaging agent

Iodine-124

Radioimmunotherapy; positron emitter

Xenon-122

Parent in generator system for producing the positron-emitting 122I

Xenon-127

Used in lung ventilation studies

Barium-128

Parent in generator system for producing the positron-emitting 128Cs, a potassium analog

Cerium-139

Gamma-ray calibration source

Tantalum-179

X-ray fluorescence source (substitute for the alpha-emitter 241Au which is used in cardiac studies)

Tungsten-178

Parent in generator system for producing 178Ta, short-lived scanning agent

Mercury-195m

Parent in the generator system for producing 195mAu which is used in cardiac blood pool studies

Thallium-201

Cardiac imaging agent

Bismuth-205

Bismuth biological distribution

Bismuth-206

Bismuth biological distribution

used in about 13 percent of all nuclear medicine procedures, making it second only to technetium-99m in volume of use. A potassium analog, 201Tl is readily extracted in proportion to regional blood flow within heart muscle, and at equilibrium, its distribution provides an assessment of the amount and location of viable heart muscle. Single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) provides

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