. "Europipe Development Project: Managing a Pipeline Project in a Complex and Sensitive Environment." The Industrial Green Game: Implications for Environmental Design and Management. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press, 1997.
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The Industrial Green Game: Implications for Environmental Design and Management
substitution of natural gas for coal and oil will contribute to environmental improvement and will be an important instrument in attempts by governments to realize their objectives of stabilizing carbon dioxide emissions, which are viewed as probable contributors to the greenhouse effect and global warming.
In the early 1970s, a consortium of continental companies purchased large volumes of gas from the Norwegian Ekofisk offshore fields with the objective of securing a long-term supply of gas to Western Europe. The resulting Statpipe/Norpipe gas pipeline from the Ekofisk Fields to Emden was operational in 1977. After the Troll gas sales agreement in 1986, a decision was made to develop the Troll and Sleipner gas fields; the Zeepipe pipeline was landed in Zeebrügge in Belgium and commissioned in 1993. The Troll and Sleipner gas fields in the Norwegian North Sea are interconnected with Ekofisk and other fields. Figure 1
FIGURE 1 Pipelines link Norway's offshore gas fields with consumers in continental Europe and the United Kingdom. SOURCE: Statoil, 1993.
