inspections, and control of specific environmentally critical operations. The sheets cover activity definition, responsibility and authorization, plan for work instruction, description of execution, control and verification, and deviation handling.

In addition to the contractors' own control activities, Statoil is carrying out separate environmental inspections, management reviews, and environmental audits.

Ecological monitoring programs will continue for several years after the pipeline is constructed to determine the extent of possible long-term effects on the environment.

In landing the pipeline in the complex and sensitive environment of the Wadden Sea National Park, it has been necessary on several occasions to use new, nontraditional, and untried technology. Completing the Europipe project successfully, particularly regarding environmental protection, remains a major challenge.

Preliminary indications are that the environmental management approach chosen by Statoil is effectively managing the complex environmental challenges on the project. BS 7750 has been very useful in creating the required contractor commitments to environmental protection and as a guide in developing appropriate environmental measures.

The environmental management experience gained will undoubtedly be a major input to the development of an environmental planning model for future Statoil construction projects.

Statoil. 1993. Development and Construction of the Europipe Line. Munich, Germany: Statoil.