From Scarcity to Visibility: Gender Differences in the Careers of Doctoral Scientists and Engineers

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TABLE C-3 Percent Working Full Time in Each Sector, by Sex, Field and Year of Survey

	Women				Men
	1973	1979	1989	1995	1973	1979	1989	1995
Engineering
Academia	47.1	43.1	41.3	42.2	38.7	36.0	36.1	32.2
Industry	35.6	44.7	46.1	46.2	46.2	49.8	53.5	57.0
Government	9.2	9.0	8.0	8.3	10.4	9.6	7.2	7.0
PNP/Hospitals	5.8	2.7	3.8	2.1	4.0	4.0	3.0	2.8
Other Education	2.3	0.5	0.8	1.2	0.8	0.7	0.2	1.0
N	87	367	1,671	3,778	31,717	45,315	63,212	72,496
Mathematics
Academia	88.0	73.1	67.7	60.6	81.7	72.4	66.1	60.9
Industry	3.4	14.5	23.1	21.9	10.1	17.0	25.5	29.6
Government	3.5	3.4	3.6	5.9	5.3	5.8	4.3	4.2
PNP/Hospitals	1.9	4.5	2.3	3.2	2.1	2.5	2.4	3.0
Other Education	3.2	4.6	3.3	8.5	0.8	2.2	1.8	2.3
N	627	1,132	2,270	3,290	10,925	15,241	21,570	24,827
Physical Sciences
Academia	60.6	48.0	39.4	39.8	42.0	40.1	38.5	37.6
Industry	17.7	28.9	40.8	43.5	39.9	42.2	46.3	45.7
Government	10.0	9.7	10.0	8.0	11.7	10.6	9.8	10.1
PNP/Hospitals	6.5	7.2	5.3	3.2	4.6	4.8	3.9	4.1
Other Education	5.2	6.3	4.5	5.6	1.9	2.3	1.5	2.5
N	1,814	3,239	7,095	10,543	55,990	70,367	84,777	87,228

Free Resources

Related Titles

From Scarcity to Visibility: Gender Differences in the Careers of Doctoral Scientists and Engineers (2001)
Policy Division (PD)
Committee on Women in Science, Engineering, and Medicine (CWSEM)

Free Resources

Related Titles

From Scarcity to Visibility: Gender Differences in the Careers of Doctoral Scientists and Engineers (2001) Policy Division (PD) Committee on Women in Science, Engineering, and Medicine (CWSEM)

From Scarcity to Visibility: Gender Differences in the Careers of Doctoral Scientists and Engineers (2001)
Policy Division (PD)
Committee on Women in Science, Engineering, and Medicine (CWSEM)