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Suggested Citation:"E: Tables." National Research Council. 2001. From Scarcity to Visibility: Gender Differences in the Careers of Doctoral Scientists and Engineers. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/5363.
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APPENDIX E
Table

Suggested Citation:"E: Tables." National Research Council. 2001. From Scarcity to Visibility: Gender Differences in the Careers of Doctoral Scientists and Engineers. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/5363.
×

TABLE E-1 Regression Estimates of Log of Salary by Years for Tenure-Track Faculty at Research Universities, by Sex and Year of Survey

 

1979

1989

1995

Variable

 

Men

Women

Men

Women

Men

Women

Years since Ph.D. :in years

b

0.012

0.014

0.009

0.015

0.009

0.014

t

24.58

10.33

15.37

13.18

15.03

11.62

Years squared. :in years squared

b

–8.1E-05

–0.00014

–0.000082

–0.00024

–8.3E-05

–0.00016

t

7.06

3.58

6.15

8.11

6.25

5.56

Is Assistant Professor? :binary

b

–0.344

–0.348

–0.344

–0.346

–0.338

–0.331

t

88.29

34.94

77.86

41.57

63.86

36.41

Is Associate Professor? :binary

b

–0.212

–0.192

–0.244

–0.208

–0.261

–0.255

t

86.66

24.83

91.38

35.55

83.7

39.14

Missing data on Ph.D. quality? :binary

b

–0.002

–0.012

0.039

0.032

0.103

0.153

t

0.52

0.84

7.94

2.83

16.02

10.93

Ph.D. quality. :1–5

b

0.004

–0.01

0.013

0.01

0.018

0.039

t

3.63

2.83

10.91

3.64

10.98

11.08

Ph.D. in engineering? :binary

b

0.08

0.096

0.201

0.254

0.08

0.086

t

30.43

4.56

72.43

22.85

25.28

7.99

Ph.D. in mathematics? :binary

b

0.027

0.034

0.1

0.099

–0.021

0.004

t

8.35

2.88

27.97

10.63

5.34

0.33

Ph.D. in physical sciences? :binary

b

0.018

0.001

0.039

0.011

–0.035

–0.125

t

6.29

0.11

12.65

1.2

9.83

12.17

Ph.D. in social/behavioral science? :binary

b

0.055

0.025

0.059

0.015

–0.038

–0.067

t

21.03

3.42

21.77

2.69

12.32

11.94

Elapsed time to Ph.D. >10? :binary

b

0.034

0.027

0.025

0.04

0.025

0.021

t

10.78

4.16

7.46

7.81

6.3

3.65

Data on elapsed time is missing? :binary

b

0.036

–0.017

0.063

0.063

0.029

0.005

t

11.98

1.65

17.66

7.29

7.23

0.64

Suggested Citation:"E: Tables." National Research Council. 2001. From Scarcity to Visibility: Gender Differences in the Careers of Doctoral Scientists and Engineers. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/5363.
×

Job in private university? :binary

b

0.001

–0.003

0.087

0.037

0.112

0.071

t

0.25

0.52

36.72

8.03

40.82

13.25

Job in Research I School? :binary

b

0.023

0.017

0.061

0.008

0.08

0.064

t

12.41

2.85

28.12

1.69

28.98

11.28

Prestige of employing department. :1–5

b

0.004

0.015

0.008

0.026

0.006

0

t

2.57

3.4

5.35

7.24

6.67

0.05

Prestige is missing? :binary

b

0.039

0.056

0.027

0.123

0

0

t

8.68

3.91

5.52

10.44

.

.

Number of publications.

b

0.002

0.002

0.005

0.004

0.003

0.004

t

20.77

4.58

46.8

12.19

32.13

18.36

Constant

b

3.987

3.972

4.04

3.967

3.956

3.827

t

510.86

174 .48

445.44

201.32

378.69

194.97

Observations

 

39238

3005

50612

7580

52749

10187

R-squared

0.64

0.68

0.54

0.56

0.43

0.47

NOTE:: b=unstandardized regression coefficient; t=absolute value of t-statistics.

Suggested Citation:"E: Tables." National Research Council. 2001. From Scarcity to Visibility: Gender Differences in the Careers of Doctoral Scientists and Engineers. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/5363.
×
Page 307
Suggested Citation:"E: Tables." National Research Council. 2001. From Scarcity to Visibility: Gender Differences in the Careers of Doctoral Scientists and Engineers. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/5363.
×
Page 308
Suggested Citation:"E: Tables." National Research Council. 2001. From Scarcity to Visibility: Gender Differences in the Careers of Doctoral Scientists and Engineers. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/5363.
×
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Although women have made important inroads in science and engineering since the early 1970s, their progress in these fields has stalled over the past several years. This study looks at women in science and engineering careers in the 1970s and 1980s, documenting differences in career outcomes between men and women and between women of different races and ethnic backgrounds.

The panel presents what is known about the following questions and explores their policy implications: In what sectors are female Ph.D.s employed? What salary disparities exist between men and women in these fields? How is marital status associated with career attainment? Does it help a career to have a postdoctoral appointment? How well are female scientists and engineers represented in management?

Within the broader context of education and the labor market, the book provides detailed comparisons between men and women Ph.D.s in a number of measures: financial support for education, academic rank achieved, salary, and others. The study covers engineering; the mathematical, physical, life, and social and behavioral sciences; medical school faculty; and recipients of National Institutes of Health grants.

Findings and recommendations in this volume will be of interest to practitioners, faculty, and students in science and engineering as well as education administrators, employers, and researchers in these fields.

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