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Suggested Citation:"FRONT MATTER." National Research Council. 1997. Intermetallic Alloy Development: A Program Evaluation. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/5701.
×

INTERMETALLIC ALLOY DEVELOPMENT

A Program Evaluation

Panel on Intermetallic Alloy Development

Committee on Industrial Technology Assessments

National Materials Advisory Board

Commission on Engineering and Technical Systems

National Research Council

Publication NMAB-487-1
NATIONAL ACADEMY PRESS
Washington, D.C. 1997

Suggested Citation:"FRONT MATTER." National Research Council. 1997. Intermetallic Alloy Development: A Program Evaluation. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/5701.
×

NOTICE: The project that is the subject of this report was approved by the Governing Board of the National Research Council, whose members are drawn from the councils of the National Academy of Sciences, the National Academy of Engineering, and the Institute of Medicine. The members of the committee responsible for the report were chosen for their special competences and with regard for appropriate balance.

This report has been reviewed by a group other than the authors according to procedures approved by a Report Review Committee consisting of members of the National Academy of Sciences, the National Academy of Engineering, and the Institute of Medicine.

The National Academy of Sciences is a private, nonprofit, self-perpetuating society of distinguished scholars engaged in scientific and engineering research, dedicated to the furtherance of science and technology and to their use for the general welfare. Upon the authority of the charter granted to it by the Congress in 1863, the Academy has a mandate that requires it to advise the federal government on scientific and technical matters. Dr. Bruce M. Alberts is president of the National Academy of Sciences.

The National Academy of Engineering was established in 1964, under the charter of the National Academy of Sciences, as a parallel organization of outstanding engineers. It is autonomous in its administration and in the selection of its members, sharing with the National Academy of Sciences the responsibility for advising the federal government. The National Academy of Engineering also sponsors engineering programs aimed at meeting national needs, encourages education and research, and recognizes the superior achievements of engineers. Dr. William A. Wulf is interim president of the National Academy of Engineering.

The Institute of Medicine was established in 1970 by the National Academy of Sciences to secure the services of eminent members of appropriate professions in the examination of policy matters pertaining to the health of the public. The Institute acts under the responsibility given to the National Academy of Sciences by its congressional charter to be an adviser to the federal government and, upon its own initiative, to identify issues of medical care, research, and education. Dr. Kenneth I. Shine is president of the Institute of Medicine.

The National Research Council was organized by the National Academy of Sciences in 1916 to associate the broad community of science and technology with the Academy's purposes of furthering knowledge and advising the federal government. Functioning in accordance with general policies determined by the Academy, the Council has become the principal operating agency of both the National Academy of Sciences and the National Academy of Engineering in providing services to the government, the public, and the scientific and engineering communities. The Council is administered jointly by both Academies and the Institute of Medicine. Dr. Bruce M. Alberts and Dr. William A. Wulf are chairman and interim vice chairman, respectively, of the National Research Council.

This study by the National Materials Advisory Board was conducted under Grant No. DE-FG41-95R110859 with the U.S. Department of Energy. Any opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the view of the organizations or agencies that provided support for the project.

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Copyright 1997 by the National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.

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Cover: Scanning electron micrograph of a grain boundary in a weld of Ni3Al alloy. The two-phased, γ+γ', microstructure of the matrix is apparent. A particle of Ni-Ni5Zr eutectic is located on the grain boundary. Courtesy of Oak Ridge National Laboratory.

Suggested Citation:"FRONT MATTER." National Research Council. 1997. Intermetallic Alloy Development: A Program Evaluation. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/5701.
×

PANEL ON INTERMETALLIC ALLOY DEVELOPMENT

NORMAN A. GJOSTEIN (chair),

NAE, materials engineering consultant, Dearborn, Michigan

JOHN V. BUSCH,

IBIS Associates, Wellesley, Massachusetts

TIMOTHY E. HOWSON,

Wyman-Gordon Company, North Grafton, Massachusetts

LYMAN A. JOHNSON,

GE Aircraft Engines, Cincinnati, Ohio

HARRY A. LIPSITT,

Wright State University, Dayton, Ohio

ANATOLY NEMZER,

FMC Corporation, Princeton, New Jersey

MAXINE L. SAVITZ,

NAE, AlliedSignal Aerospace Corporation, Torrance, California

National Materials Advisory Board Staff

THOMAS E. MUNNS, Senior Program Officer

AIDA C. NEEL, Senior Project Assistant

BONNIE SCARBOROUGH, Research Associate

National Materials Advisory Board Liaison

KATHLEEN C. TAYLOR,

NAE, General Motors Corporation, Warren, Michigan

Government Liaison

CHARLES SORRELL,

U.S. Department of Energy, Washington, D.C.

Suggested Citation:"FRONT MATTER." National Research Council. 1997. Intermetallic Alloy Development: A Program Evaluation. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/5701.
×

COMMITTEE ON INDUSTRIAL TECHNOLOGY ASSESSMENTS

R. RAY BEEBE (chair),

NAE, consultant, Tucson, Arizona

GARY A. BAUM,

Institute of Paper Science and Technology, Atlanta, Georgia

PHILIP H. BRODSKY,

Monsanto Company, St. Louis, Missouri

JOHN V. BUSCH,

IBIS Associates, Wellesley, Massachusetts

NORMAN A. GJOSTEIN,

NAE, materials engineering consultant, Dearborn, Michigan

FRANCIS C. McMICHAEL,

Carnegie-Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania

MAXINE L. SAVITZ,

NAE, AlliedSignal Aerospace Corporation, Torrance, California

National Materials Advisory Board Staff

THOMAS E. MUNNS, Senior Program Officer

AIDA C. NEEL, Senior Project Assistant

BONNIE SCARBOROUGH, Research Associate

National Materials Advisory Board Liaison

KATHLEEN C. TAYLOR,

NAE, General Motors Corporation, Warren, Michigan

Government Liaisons

DENISE SWINK,

U.S. Department of Energy, Washington, D.C.

JAMES E. QUINN,

U.S. Department of Energy, Washington, D.C.

Suggested Citation:"FRONT MATTER." National Research Council. 1997. Intermetallic Alloy Development: A Program Evaluation. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/5701.
×

NATIONAL MATERIALS ADVISORY BOARD

ROBERT A. LAUDISE (chair),

NAS/NAE, Bell Laboratories, Lucent Technologies, Murray Hill, New Jersey

G.J. ABBASCHIAN,

University of Florida, Gainesville

JAN D. ACHENBACH,

NAS/NAE, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois

MICHAEL I. BASKES,

Sandia/Livermore National Laboratories, Livermore, California

JESSE L. BEAUCHAMP,

NAS, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena

EDWARD C. DOWLING,

Cyprus Amax Minerals Company, Englewood, Colorado

FRANCIS DISALVO,

NAS, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York

ANTHONY G. EVANS,

Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts

JOHN A. S. GREEN,

The Aluminum Association, Washington, D.C.

JOHN H. HOPPS,

Morehouse College, Atlanta, Georgia

MICHAEL JAFFE,

Hoechst Celanese Corporation, Summit, New Jersey

SYLVIA M. JOHNSON,

SRI International, Menlo Park, California

LIONEL C. KIMERLING,

Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge

HARRY A. LIPSITT,

Wright State University, Dayton, Ohio

RICHARD S. MULLER,

NAE, University of California, Berkeley

ELSA REICHMANIS,

NAE, Bell Laboratories, Lucent Technologies, Murray Hill, New Jersey

KENNETH L. REIFSNIDER,

Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg

EDGAR A. STARKE,

University of Virginia, Charlottesville

KATHLEEN C. TAYLOR,

NAE, General Motors Corporation, Warren, Michigan

JAMES WAGNER,

Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland

JOSEPH WIRTH,

Raychem Corporation, Menlo Park, California

BILL G. W. YEE,

Pratt and Whitney, West Palm Beach, Florida

ROBERT E. SCHAFRIK, Director

Suggested Citation:"FRONT MATTER." National Research Council. 1997. Intermetallic Alloy Development: A Program Evaluation. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/5701.
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Suggested Citation:"FRONT MATTER." National Research Council. 1997. Intermetallic Alloy Development: A Program Evaluation. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/5701.
×

Acknowledgments

The hospitality of the employees of Martin Marietta Energy Systems at Oak Ridge National Laboratories during the panel's site visit and their time and effort in meetings and presentations are greatly appreciated. Individuals who prepared presentations or conducted laboratory tours include Bill Appleton, Jim Stiegler, Linda Horton, C. T. Liu, Vinod Sikka, Mike Santella, Rod Judkins, Peter Angelini, and Larry Dickens, Mike Miller, Kathi Alexander, Joe Horton, and Cam Hubbard.

The panel on Intermetallic Alloy Development acknowledges Gary Hudson of United Defense LP/Steel Products Division, Jim Farago of General Motors Delphi Saginaw Steering Systems, and John Rogers of Sandusky International for providing an industrial perspective of the commercial potential of intermetallic alloys.

The panel is particularly grateful to Charles Sorrel and James Quinn of the Department of Energy Office of Industrial Technology and Peter Angelini of the Oak Ridge National Laboratory for assistance in conducting the meeting at Oak Ridge, Tennessee.

Finally, the panel gratefully acknowledges the support of Thomas E. Munns, National Materials Advisory Board (NMAB) senior program officer, Aida C. Neel, NMAB senior project assistant, and Bonnie Scarborough, NMAB research associate.

Page viii Cite
Suggested Citation:"FRONT MATTER." National Research Council. 1997. Intermetallic Alloy Development: A Program Evaluation. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/5701.
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Suggested Citation:"FRONT MATTER." National Research Council. 1997. Intermetallic Alloy Development: A Program Evaluation. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/5701.
×

Preface

The Department of Energy Office of Industrial Technology (OIT) requested that the National Research Council, through the National Materials Advisory Board (NMAB), conduct a study to evaluate the OIT program strategy, to provide guidance during the transition to the new Industries of the Future strategy, and to assess the effects of the change on crosscutting technology programs. The Committee on Industrial Technology Assessments (CITA) was established to review and evaluate the program and plans of the overall OIT program, to review the plans and progress of selected OIT-sponsored research programs, and to conduct site visits and laboratory evaluations, when appropriate, to supplement program assessments. In the future, the committee will establish and oversee topical panels to review selected aspects of the program, conduct the site visits, and bring in additional members with expertise in the topical areas to be evaluated.

The purpose of the panel on Intermetallic Alloy Development, the first topical panel established under CITA, was to document and evaluate the progress of the Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) toward the development and commercialization of high temperature intermetallic alloys, to identify industrial applications and barriers to commercialization, and to recommend criteria for selecting and prioritizing future research projects. This topic was selected because the intermetallic alloy program is a mature program focused on crosscutting research and development projects.

The ORNL intermetallic alloy development program is a long-term, collaborative R&D program involving various Department of Energy program offices, including Basic Energy Sciences (BES), which sponsors fundamental research, and Fossil Energy (FE) and Energy Efficiency (EE), which sponsor applied

Suggested Citation:"FRONT MATTER." National Research Council. 1997. Intermetallic Alloy Development: A Program Evaluation. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/5701.
×

research and development programs. The objective of the ORNL intermetallics program has been to develop high strength, ductile, intermetallic alloys that can be processed and utilized for high-temperature structural applications.

The panel met with key ORNL researchers, program managers, and industrial participants on June 6 and 7, 1996, at Oak Ridge, Tennessee, to discuss progress and plans, review program strategies and accomplishments, and tour the laboratory facilities. This report reviews and assesses the intermetallic alloy development program and offers recommendations for the focus of the program in the future, as well as assessing the implications of the lessons learned for the entire OIT program strategy.

The chair thanks the panel members for their efforts, dedication, and patience during the preparation of the report and the staff of the NMAB for their assistance in the publication of the panel's report. The diligence and goodwill of all who were involved made for an unusually effective team effort.

Comments and suggestions can be sent via Internet electronic mail to nmab@nas.edu or by FAX to the NMAB (202) 334-3718.

Norman a. Gjostein, chair

Panel on Intermetallic Alloy Development

Suggested Citation:"FRONT MATTER." National Research Council. 1997. Intermetallic Alloy Development: A Program Evaluation. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/5701.
×
Suggested Citation:"FRONT MATTER." National Research Council. 1997. Intermetallic Alloy Development: A Program Evaluation. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/5701.
×
Page xiii Cite
Suggested Citation:"FRONT MATTER." National Research Council. 1997. Intermetallic Alloy Development: A Program Evaluation. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/5701.
×

Tables and Figures

TABLES

1-1

 

Status of IOF Vision Documents,

 

9

2-1

 

Ni3Al Alloy Compositions,

 

18

FIGURES

1-1

 

Manufacturing energy use (1991),

 

8

2-1

 

Profile of funding (in then-year dollars) by Basic Energy Sciences (BES), Energy Efficiency (EE), and Fossil Energy (FE) offices of DOE,

 

12

2-2

 

Time line of program management and interactions,

 

13

2-3

 

Integration of research projects and mechanisms for technology transfer,

 

14

2-4

 

Mechanical properties of cast Ni3Al based alloys (IC-221M and IC-396M) and Fe-Ni-Cr steel alloy as a function of test temperature,

 

19

2-5

 

Cast and welded Ni3Al transfer roll,

 

24

2-6

 

Ni3Al carburizing grids,

 

25

3-1

 

Phases and activities in the commercialization process,

 

37

Suggested Citation:"FRONT MATTER." National Research Council. 1997. Intermetallic Alloy Development: A Program Evaluation. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/5701.
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Suggested Citation:"FRONT MATTER." National Research Council. 1997. Intermetallic Alloy Development: A Program Evaluation. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/5701.
×

Acronyms

AECC

Alloy Engineering and Casting Company

AIM

Advanced Industrial Materials

BES

Basic Energy Sciences

CITA

Committee on Industrial Technology Assessments

CRADA

cooperative research and development agreement

DOE

Department of Energy

ECUT

Energy Conversion and Utilization

EE

Energy Efficiency

FE

Fossil Energy

IOF

Industries of the Future

NRC

National Research Council

NMAB

National Materials Advisory Board

OD

outer diameter

OIT

Office of Industrial Technology

ORNL

Oak Ridge National Laboratory

UDLP

United Defense LP/Steel Products Division

Suggested Citation:"FRONT MATTER." National Research Council. 1997. Intermetallic Alloy Development: A Program Evaluation. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/5701.
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