Intellectual Property Rights and Research Tools in Molecular Biology: Summary of a Workshop Held at the National Academy of Sciences, February 15-16, 1996

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Intellectual Property Rights and Research Tools in Molecular Biology: Summary of a Workshop Held at the National Academy of Sciences, February 15–16, 1996

	Intellectual Property and Openness	36
	References	38
5	CASE STUDIES	40
	Introduction	40
	Recombinant DNA: A Patented Research Tool, Nonexclusively Licensed with Low Fees	40
	PCR and Taq Polymerase: A Patented Research Tool for Which Licensing Arrangements Were Controversial	43
	Protein and DNA Sequencing Instruments: Research Tools to Which Strong Patent Protection Promoted Broad Access	46
	Research Tools in Drug Discovery: Intellectual Property Protection for Complex Biological Systems	48
	Changes in Biotechnology Strategies	50
	Expressed Sequence Tags (ESTs): Three Models for Disseminating Unpatented Research Tools	51
	The Informational Value Of ESTs Is Rudimentary	53
	The Value of ESTs Could Be Reduced by Limiting Access	54
	The Human Genome Is Finite	54
	The Advent of DNA Sequencing Presents Important Questions About Patentability	55
	References	55
6	PERSPECTIVES FROM DIFFERENT SECTORS	57
	Introduction	57
	University Research	58
	University Administration	59
	Major Pharmaceutical Company	61
	Attitudes Have Greatly Changed	61
	Commerce and Science: Legitimate, Yet Competing, Interests	61
	Research-Use Exemption Is Practiced as Rational Forbearance	63
	Why Intellectual Property Is Important in Molecular Biology	63
	Small Biotechnology Company	64
	Genvec's Intellectual Property	64
	Role of Venture Capital	64
	Issues in Partnering Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Firms	65
	Summary	66
	Government	66
	References	70
7	SUMMARY	71
	AGENDA OF THE FEBRUARY 1996 WORKSHOP	75

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Intellectual Property Rights and Research Tools in Molecular Biology: Summary of a Workshop Held at the National Academy of Sciences, February 15-16, 1996 (1997)
Commission on Life Sciences (CLS)

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Free Resources

Related Titles

Intellectual Property Rights and Research Tools in Molecular Biology: Summary of a Workshop Held at the National Academy of Sciences, February 15-16, 1996 (1997) Commission on Life Sciences (CLS)

Citation Manager

Intellectual Property Rights and Research Tools in Molecular Biology: Summary of a Workshop Held at the National Academy of Sciences, February 15-16, 1996 (1997)
Commission on Life Sciences (CLS)