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DRI DIETARY REFERENCE INTAKES FOR Calcium, Phosphorus, Magnesium, Vitamin D, and Fluoride
TABLE 4-9 Retrospective or Cross-Sectional Studies Concerning Lactation-Induced Bone Loss
Author
Year
N
Site
Alderman et al.
1986
355
562
Fracture Controls
Aloia et al.
1983
80
Radius
Cummings et al.
1995
173
137
Fracture Controls
Feldblum et al.
1992
352
Lumbar spine Radius
Hoffman et al.
1993
174
Fracture Controls
Hreshchyshyn et al.
1988
151
Lumbar spine
Kent et al.
1990
80
Radius
Koetting and Wardlaw
1988
28
Hip, Radius
Kreiger et al.
1982
98
884
Fracture Controls
Lissner et al.
1991
126
Lumbar spine
Melton et al.
1993b
304
Hip, Radius, Lumbar spine
Walker et al.
1972
102
Metacarpal
Wardlaw and Pike
1986
21
Radius
Wasnich et al.
1983
608
Radius
months (Sowers et al., 1995b). These findings support those from a cross-sectional study that found similar BMD among women with small or large families (Walker et al., 1972). Therefore, it does not appear, from the data available at this time, that closely spaced pregnancies lead to a lower bone mass in these women than in women with pregnancies less closely spaced.
Feeding More Than One Infant. A study in women breast-feeding twins found significantly higher serum PTH and 1,25(OH)2D concentrations compared to women nursing singletons. The authors suggest that these findings reflect an increased mineral need in the mothers (Greer et al., 1984). No studies have been reported in
