. "Summary." Dietary Reference Intakes for Calcium, Phosphorus, Magnesium, Vitamin D, and Fluoride. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press, 1997.
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DRI DIETARY REFERENCE INTAKES FOR Calcium, Phosphorus, Magnesium, Vitamin D, and Fluoride
TABLE S-1 Criteria and Dietary Reference Intake Values for Calcium by Life Stage Group
Extrapolation of desirable calcium retention from 4 through 8 years
500
4 through 8 years
Calcium accretion/∆ BMC/calcium balance
800
9 through 13 years
Desirable calcium retention/factorial/∆ BMC
1,300
14 through 18 years
Desirable calcium retention/factorial/∆ BMC
1,300
19 through 30 years
Desirable calcium retention/factorial
1,000
31 through 50 years
Calcium balance
1,000
51 through 70 years
Desirable calcium retention/factorial/∆ BMD
1,200
> 70 years
Extrapolation of desirable calcium retention from 51 through 70 year age group/∆ BMD/fracture rate
1,200
Pregnancy
≤ 18 years
Bone mineral mass
1,300
19 through 50 years
Bone mineral mass
1,000
Lactation
≤ 18 years
Bone mineral mass
1,300
19 through 50 years
Bone mineral mass
1,000
a All groups except Pregnancy and Lactation are males and females.
b Criteria upon which the AI was based vary between life stage groups depending on the data available in the literature that were judged to be appropriate. The value for the AI reflects an approximation of the calcium intake that is judged to maintain calcium nutriture based upon all of the information examined. See Table 4-5 for a detailed summary of the specific approaches and data considered for each life stage group. ∆ BMC is the change in bone mineral content. ∆ BMD is the change in bone mineral density.
c AI = Adequate Intake. The experimentally determined estimate of nutrient intake by a defined group of healthy people. AI is used if the scientific evidence is not available to derive an EAR. For healthy infants fed human milk, AI is an estimated mean intake. Some seemingly healthy individuals may require higher calcium intakes to minimize risk of osteopenia and some individuals may be at low risk on even lower intakes. The AI is believed to cover their needs, but lack of data or uncertainty in the data prevent being able to specify with confidence the percentage of individuals covered by this intake.
