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Dietary Reference Intakes for Calcium, Phosphorus, Magnesium, Vitamin D, and Fluoride (1997)

Chapter: Appendix F Biographical Sketches of Committee, Subcommittee, Panel Members and Staff

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Suggested Citation:"Appendix F Biographical Sketches of Committee, Subcommittee, Panel Members and Staff." Institute of Medicine. 1997. Dietary Reference Intakes for Calcium, Phosphorus, Magnesium, Vitamin D, and Fluoride. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/5776.
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F

Biographical Sketches of Committee, Subcommittee, Panel Members and Staff

STEPHANIE A. ATKINSON, Ph.D., R.D., is professor, Department of Pediatrics and associate member, Department of Biochemistry in the Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University in Hamilton, Ontario, Canada. She holds a clinical appointment as special professional staff at The Children's Hospital in Hamilton. Dr. Atkinson received her Ph.D. in nutritional sciences at the University of Toronto. The focus of her research has been on developmental aspects of bone in the pediatric population. Specifically, her research focuses on the impact of premature birth; nutrition; childhood diseases such as leukemia, asthma, and inflammatory bowel disease; and steroid therapy on bone metabolism and skeletal development in infants and children. Dr. Atkinson served as scientific chair of the 16th International Congress of Nutrition held in Montreal in 1997 and serves on the Board of Trustees of the National Institute of Nutrition in Canada. She is a member of the Canadian and American Societies for Nutritional Sciences, the American Society for Clinical Nutrition, the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research, and the Dietitians of Canada, and is a fellow of the American College of Nutrition.

STEVEN A. ABRAMS, M.D., is an associate professor of pediatrics at Baylor College of Medicine at the U.S. Department of Agriculture Center on Children 's Nutrition Research. He received his B.S. in biology from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and his M.D. from the Ohio State University College of Medicine. Dr.

Suggested Citation:"Appendix F Biographical Sketches of Committee, Subcommittee, Panel Members and Staff." Institute of Medicine. 1997. Dietary Reference Intakes for Calcium, Phosphorus, Magnesium, Vitamin D, and Fluoride. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/5776.
×

Abrams' research centers on the assessment of mineral requirements in children using stable isotope techniques. He is a member of numerous professional associations including the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research, American Society for Clinical Nutrition, American Society for Nutritional Sciences, and Society for Pediatric Research, and is a fellow of the American Academy of Pediatrics.

LINDSAY H. ALLEN, Ph.D., R.D., is professor in the Department of Nutrition and a faculty member in the Program in International Nutrition at the University of California, Davis. She received her B.Sc. in nutrition and agriculture from the University of Nottingham, England, and her Ph.D. in nutrition from the University of California, Davis. Following post-graduate experience at the University of California, Berkeley, she joined the faculty at the University of Connecticut. Dr. Allen's research focuses on the causes, consequences, and prevention of micronutrient deficiencies (vitamin B12, folic acid, iron, zinc, and riboflavin) in developing countries and on vitamin B12 deficiency in the elderly in the United States. She is an associate editor of the Journal of Nutrition and was awarded the Kellogg International Nutrition Prize in 1997. She is a member of the Food and Nutrition Board and the DRI Panel on Folate and Other B Vitamins and Choline. She previously served as chair of the Committee on International Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, National Academy of Sciences, and has authored over 120 publications.

BESS DAWSON-HUGHES, M.D., is a professor of medicine at Tufts University and chief of the Calcium and Bone Metabolism Laboratory at the Jean Mayer U.S. Department of Agriculture Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University. She directs the Metabolic Bone Disease Clinic at New England Medical Center. Dr. Dawson-Hughes received her B.A. in chemistry from Randolph-Macon Women's College and her M.D. from Tufts University School of Medicine. She is a member of the Board of Trustees of the National Osteoporosis Foundation and serves on the Councils of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research and the American Society for Clinical Nutrition. Dr. Dawson-Hughes ' research is directed at examining ways in which calcium, vitamin D, and other nutrients influence age-related loss of bone mass and risk of fragility fractures. She has published over 180 peer-reviewed journal articles, book chapters, abstracts, and reviews.

Suggested Citation:"Appendix F Biographical Sketches of Committee, Subcommittee, Panel Members and Staff." Institute of Medicine. 1997. Dietary Reference Intakes for Calcium, Phosphorus, Magnesium, Vitamin D, and Fluoride. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/5776.
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JOHANNA T. DWYER, D.Sc., R.D., is director of the Frances Stern Nutrition Center at New England Medical Center and professor in the Departments of Medicine and of Community Health at the Tufts Medical School and School of Nutrition Science and Policy in Boston. She is also a senior scientist at the Jean Mayer U.S. Department of Agriculture Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University. Dr. Dwyer's work centers on life-cycle related concerns such as the prevention of diet-related disease in children and adolescents, and maximization of quality of life and health in the elderly. She also has a long-standing interest in vegetarian and other alternative lifestyles. She is currently the editor of Nutrition Today and on the editorial board for Family Economics and Nutrition Reviews. She received her D.Sc. and M.Sc. from the Harvard School of Public Health, an M.S. from the University of Wisconsin, and received her undergraduate degree with distinction from Cornell University. She is a member of the Food and Nutrition Board, the Technical Advisory Committee of the Nutrition Screening Initiative, past president of the American Society for Nutritional Sciences, and a past president of the Society for Nutrition Education.

JOHN W. ERDMAN, JR., Ph.D., is professor of nutrition in food science and human nutrition and in internal medicine at the University of Illinois at Champaign-Urbana and director of the Division of Nutritional Sciences. Dr. Erdman received his B.S. and Ph.D. in food science at Rutgers University. His research interests include the effects of food processing on nutrient retention, the metabolic roles of vitamin A and beta carotene, and the bioavailability of minerals from foods. His research regarding soy protein has extended into studies on the impact of non-nutrient components of foods such as phytoestrogens on chronic disease. Dr. Erdman is currently vice-chair of the Food and Nutrition Board (FNB) and is a former member of the FNB's Committee on Opportunities in the Nutrition and Food Sciences and its Committee on the Nutrition Components of Food Labeling. He was also a member of the Subcommittee on the Bioavailability of Nutrients, Committee on Animal Nutrition, Board on Agriculture.

JOHN D. FERNSTROM, Ph.D., is professor of psychiatry, pharmacology, and behavioral neuroscience at the University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and director, Basic Neuroendocrinology Program at the Western Psychiatric Institute and Clinic. He received his B.S. in biology and his Ph.D. in nutritional biochemistry from

Suggested Citation:"Appendix F Biographical Sketches of Committee, Subcommittee, Panel Members and Staff." Institute of Medicine. 1997. Dietary Reference Intakes for Calcium, Phosphorus, Magnesium, Vitamin D, and Fluoride. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/5776.
×

the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. He presently is a member of the National Advisory Council of the Monell Chemical Senses Center and of the American Society for Nutritional Sciences Council. He is a member of numerous professional societies, including the American Society for Clinical Nutrition, American Physiological Society, American Society for Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, American Society for Neurochemistry, Society for Neuroscience, and Endocrine Society. Among other awards, Dr. Fernstrom received the Mead-Johnson Award from ASNS, a Research Scientist Award from the National Institute of Mental Health, a Wellcome Visiting Professorship in the Basic Medical Sciences, and an Alfred P. Sloan Fellowship in Neurochemistry. His current major research interest concerns the influence of the diet and drugs on the synthesis of neurotransmitters in the central and peripheral nervous systems.

SCOTT M. GRUNDY, M.D., Ph.D., is director of the Center for Human Nutrition and chairman of the Department of Clinical Nutrition at the University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas. He received his M.D. from Baylor University Medical School and his Ph.D. from Rockefeller University. Dr. Grundy's major research area is in cholesterol and lipoprotein metabolism. He has published over 200 original papers and numerous solicited articles and book chapters. Dr. Grundy served as editor-in-chief of the Journal of Lipid Research for 5 years and is on the editorial boards of American Journal of Physiology: Endocrinology and Metabolism, Arteriosclerosis, and Circulation. He serves on numerous national and international committees including the Food and Nutrition Board and as chairman of the Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel II for the National Institutes of Health. Dr. Grundy's numerous awards and honors include The Award of Merit from the American Heart Association, an honorary degree in medicine from the University of Helsinki, Finland, the Roger J. Williams Award in preventive nutrition, and the Bristol Myers Squibb/Mead Johnson Award for Distinguished Achievement in Nutrition Research. He was elected to the Institute of Medicine in 1995.

ROBERT P. HEANEY, M.D., is John A. Creighton University Professor and professor of medicine, Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska. He received his B.S. and M.D. from Creighton. His principal professional interests have centered on human calcium and bone physiology and the education of health professionals. Dr. Heaney actively participates in research-related professional societ-

Suggested Citation:"Appendix F Biographical Sketches of Committee, Subcommittee, Panel Members and Staff." Institute of Medicine. 1997. Dietary Reference Intakes for Calcium, Phosphorus, Magnesium, Vitamin D, and Fluoride. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/5776.
×

ies and serves as a consultant for scientific, academic, civic, and church-related organizations. He has served as chairman of the board of the Association of Academic Health Centers, and is a member of the Board of Directors of the National Osteoporosis Foundation. Dr. Heaney serves on the editorial boards of a number of scientific publications, is a past trustee of Loyola University of Chicago, and is a past member of the National Advisory Committee for the Pew Foundation Dental Project. He chaired the Scientific Advisory Panel on Osteoporosis of the U.S. Office of Technology Assessment. Dr. Heaney has spent over 40 years studying osteoporosis and human calcium physiology, and is an internationally recognized expert and lecturer in this field. He is the author of three books and has published over 300 original papers, chapters, monographs, and reviews. He has received numerous honors and awards, including the Kappa Delta Award of the American Academy of Orthopedic Surgeons; the Ohio State University Award for a continuing education program on osteoporosis; the Health Citizen of the Year Award from the Omaha Combined Health Agencies, in recognition of his community work while Creighton's vice president; and the Creight-on University Alumni Achievement Citation. Dr. Heaney was awarded honorary membership in the American Dietetic Association, was elected fellow of the American Society for Nutritional Sciences, and in 1994 he received the Frederic C. Bartter Award of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.

CHARLES H. HENNEKENS, M.D., Dr.P.H., is Eugene Braunwald Professor of Medicine and professor of ambulatory care and prevention at Harvard Medical School, professor of epidemiology at Harvard School of Public Health, and chief of the Division of Preventive Medicine at Brigham and Women's Hospital. He received his M.D. from Cornell University Medical College and his M.P.H. and Dr.P.H. from the Harvard School of Public Health. Dr. Hennekens is president of the American Epidemiological Society, past president of the Society for Epidemiologic Research, and is a member of the Association of American Physicians. He has served as editor-in-chief of the American Journal of Preventive Medicine and founding editor-in-chief of the Annals of Epidemiology. Dr. Hennekens is a fellow of the American College of Preventive Medicine and the American College of Epidemiology, and is a member of the Food and Nutrition Board. His awards include the Bruce Award from the American College of Physicians, the Lilienfeld Award from American College of Epidemiology, and the 1996 American Col-

Suggested Citation:"Appendix F Biographical Sketches of Committee, Subcommittee, Panel Members and Staff." Institute of Medicine. 1997. Dietary Reference Intakes for Calcium, Phosphorus, Magnesium, Vitamin D, and Fluoride. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/5776.
×

lege of Nutrition Award. Dr. Hennekens is the principal or coprincipal investigator for several large, long-term observational studies and trials, including the Physician's Health Study and the Women's Health Study.

MICHAEL F. HOLICK, M.D., Ph.D., is professor of medicine, dermatology and physiology; chief of the Endocrinology, Nutrition and Diabetes Program; director for the General Clinical Research Center; and director of the Bone Health Care Clinic at Boston University Medical Center. He received his Ph.D. and M.D. from the University of Wisconsin. Dr. Holick has dedicated his career to understanding the biologic importance of vitamin D for human health. He determined how vitamin D is made in the skin during exposure to sunlight and established the importance of casual exposure to sunlight as a way for humans to obtain their vitamin D requirement. Dr. Holick pioneered the concept of using activated vitamin D for the treatment of psoriasis. He has received numerous awards for his innovative clinical and basic research activities. He serves on a number of editorial boards, has served as a consultant to NASA, and is a member of the NASA Life and Microgravity Sciences and Applications Advisory Committee.

JANET C. KING, Ph.D., R.D., is director of the U.S. Department of Agriculture Human Nutrition Research Center at the Presidio of San Francisco and professor in the Graduate School, University of California, Berkeley. Dr. King received a B.S. in dietetics from Iowa State University, a Ph.D. in nutrition from the University of California, Berkeley, and is a registered dietitian. She is a member of the American Society of Nutritional Sciences, American Society of Clinical Nutrition, American Dietetic Association, Society for Nutrition Education, and American Association for the Advancement of Science. Dr. King has served on the editorial board of the Journal of Nutrition and is associate editor of the American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. She is a past chair of the Food and Nutrition Board and has served on or chaired several of its committees. In 1994, Dr. King was elected to the Institute of Medicine. Other honors and awards include the Borden Award and Lederle Award from the American Society of Nutritional Sciences, Massee Lecturer in Human Nutrition from the University of North Dakota, Mary Shorb Lecturer from the University of Maryland, Lydia J. Roberts Award from the University of Chicago, International Prize in Modern Human Nutrition from the University of Lausanne, Switzerland, and University

Suggested Citation:"Appendix F Biographical Sketches of Committee, Subcommittee, Panel Members and Staff." Institute of Medicine. 1997. Dietary Reference Intakes for Calcium, Phosphorus, Magnesium, Vitamin D, and Fluoride. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/5776.
×

Distinguished Professor in Nutrition from the University of California, Davis.

WALTER MERTZ, M.D., received his M.D. from the University of Mainz, Germany. He was an intern surgeon at the County Hospital, Hersfeld, and assistant resident at the Medical University Hospital, Frankfurt, Germany. He went to the National Institute of Health at Bethesda in 1953 where he worked on nutritional aspects of liver disease and on the glucose tolerance factor, later identified as the trace element chromium. Dr. Mertz continued his work on chromium in clinical studies at the Walter Reed Army Institute of Research as chief, Department of Biological Chemistry. He later joined the Human Nutrition Research Division, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, as chief, Vitamin and Mineral Nutrition Laboratory. In 1972, he was appointed director of the Nutrition Institute, now the Beltsville Human Nutrition Research Center, a position he held until his retirement in 1993. Dr. Mertz is the author of more than 200 scientific publications.

RITA B. MESSING, Ph.D., received her Ph.D. in physiological psychology from Princeton University and did postdoctoral research in the Department of Nutrition and Food Science at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in the Laboratory of Neuroendocrine Regulation. Dr. Messing has been in the Department of Pharmacology, University of Minnesota Medical School since 1981, and is currently an associate professor. Since 1990 her primary employment has been at the Minnesota Department of Health in environmental toxicology, where she supervises the Site Assessment and Consultation Unit, which conducts public health activities at hazardous waste sites and other sources of uncontrolled toxic releases. Dr. Messing has 70 publications in toxicology and risk assessment, neuropharmacology, psychobiology, and experimental psychology. She has taught at Rutgers University, Northeastern University, University of California at Irvine, and University of Minnesota, and had visiting appointments at Organon Pharmaceuticals in the Netherlands and the University of Paris.

SANFORD A. MILLER, Ph.D., is dean of the Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences and professor in the Departments of Biochemistry and Medicine at The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio. He is the former director of the Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition at the Food and Drug Administration.

Suggested Citation:"Appendix F Biographical Sketches of Committee, Subcommittee, Panel Members and Staff." Institute of Medicine. 1997. Dietary Reference Intakes for Calcium, Phosphorus, Magnesium, Vitamin D, and Fluoride. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/5776.
×

Previously, he was professor of nutritional biochemistry at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Dr. Miller has served on many national and international government and professional society advisory committees, including the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology Expert Committee on GRAS Substances, the National Advisory Environmental Health Sciences Council of the National Institutes of Health, the Food and Nutrition Board and its Food Forum, the Joint WHO/FAO Expert Advisory Panel on Food Safety (Chairman), and the Steering Committees of several WHO/FAO panels. He also served as chair of the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Consultation on the Application of Risk Analysis to Food Standards Issues. He is author or co-author of more than 200 original scientific publications. Dr. Miller received a B.S. in chemistry from the City College of New York, and a M.S. and Ph.D. from Rutgers University in physiology and biochemistry.

IAN C. MUNRO, Ph.D., is a leading authority on toxicology and has over 30 years experience in dealing with complex regulatory issues related to product safety. He has in excess of 150 scientific publications in the fields of toxicology and risk assessment. Dr. Munro formerly held senior positions at Health and Welfare Canada as director of the Bureau of Chemical Safety and director general of the Food Directorate, Health Protection Branch. He was responsible for research and standard setting activities related to microbial and chemical hazards in food and the nutritional quality of the Canadian food supply. He has contributed significantly to the development of risk assessment procedures in the field of public health, both nationally and internationally, through membership on various committees dealing with the regulatory aspects of risk assessment and risk management of public health hazards. Dr. Munro is a graduate of McGill University in biochemistry and nutrition and holds a Ph.D. from Queen's University in pharmacology and toxicology. He is a fellow of the Royal College of Pathologists, London. He also is a former director of the Canadian Centre for Toxicology at Guelph, Ontario.

SUZANNE P. MURPHY, Ph.D., R.D., is adjunct associate professor in the Department of Nutritional Sciences at the University of California, Berkeley, and director of the California Expanded Food and Nutrition Program at the University of California, Davis. She received her B.S. in mathematics from Temple University and her Ph.D. in nutrition from the University of California, Berkeley. Dr. Murphy's research interests include dietary assessment methodolo-

Suggested Citation:"Appendix F Biographical Sketches of Committee, Subcommittee, Panel Members and Staff." Institute of Medicine. 1997. Dietary Reference Intakes for Calcium, Phosphorus, Magnesium, Vitamin D, and Fluoride. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/5776.
×

gy, development of food composition databases, and nutritional epidemiology. She is a member of the National Nutrition Monitoring Advisory Council, and serves on the editorial boards for the Journal of Nutrition, Journal of Food Composition and Analysis, and Family Economics and Nutrition Review. Dr. Murphy is a member of numerous professional organizations including the American Dietetic Association, American Society for Nutritional Sciences, American Public Health Association, American Society for Clinical Nutrition, and Society for Nutrition Education. She has over 50 publications on dietary assessment methodology and has lectured nationally and internationally on this subject.

JOSEPH V. RODRICKS, Ph.D., is one of the founding principals of the ENVIRON Corporation, with internationally recognized expertise in assessing the risks to human health of exposure to toxic substances. He received his B.S. from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and his Ph.D. in biochemistry from the University of Maryland. Dr. Rodricks is certified as a diplomate of the American Board of Toxicology. Before working as a consultant, he spent 15 years at the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). In his final 3 years at the FDA, he was Deputy Associate Commissioner for Science, with special responsibility for risk assessment. He was a member of the National Academy of Sciences (NAS) Board on Toxicology and Environmental Health Hazards, and has also served on or chaired ten other NAS Committees. Dr. Rodricks has more than 100 scientific publications on food safety and risk assessment and has lectured nationally and internationally on these subjects. He is the author of Calculated Risks, a non-technical introduction to toxicology and risk assessment.

IRWIN H. ROSENBERG, M.D., is an internationally recognized leader in nutrition science who serves as professor of physiology, medicine and nutrition at Tufts University School of Medicine and School of Nutrition, as well as director, Jean Mayer U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University and dean for nutrition sciences, Tufts University. He is the first holder of the Jean Mayer Chair in Nutrition at Tufts. Prior to joining Tufts, Dr. Rosenberg held faculty positions at Harvard Medical School and the University of Chicago where he served as the first director of the Clinical Nutrition Research Center. As a clinical nutrition investigator, he has helped develop a nutritional focus within the field of gastroenterology with his prima-

Suggested Citation:"Appendix F Biographical Sketches of Committee, Subcommittee, Panel Members and Staff." Institute of Medicine. 1997. Dietary Reference Intakes for Calcium, Phosphorus, Magnesium, Vitamin D, and Fluoride. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/5776.
×

ry research interest being in the area of folate metabolism. His research for the past decade has focused on nutrition and the aging process. Among his many honors are the Josiah Macy Faculty Award, Grace Goldsmith Award of the American College of Nutrition, Robert H. Herman Memorial Award of the American Society of Clinical Nutrition, Jonathan B. Rhoads Award of the American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition, and 1994 W.O. Atwater Memorial Lectureship of the USDA. Dr. Rosenberg was elected to the Institute of Medicine in 1994 and he received the Bristol Myers Squibb/Mead Johnson Award for Distinguished Achievement in Nutrition Research in 1996.

ROBERT K. RUDE, M.D., is professor of medicine at the University of Southern California and director of the Endocrinology Research Laboratory and the University of Southern California/Orthopaedic Hospital Bone and Mineral Metabolism Clinic at the Orthopaedic Hospital. He received his B.S from the University of North Dakota and his M.D. from Northwestern University. Dr. Rude's research interests have been in the area of bone and mineral metabolism, with emphasis on the effect of magnesium depletion on calcium and bone homeostasis. Other areas of research include osteoporosis and hypercalcemia. He is a member of the American Federation for Clinical Research, Endocrine Society, American Society for Bone and Mineral Research, and American College of Nutrition. Dr. Rude has published close to 100 peer-reviewed journal articles and book chapters.

BONNY SPECKER, Ph.D., received her Ph.D. in epidemiology from the University of Cincinnati. Since that time she has been actively involved in calcium and vitamin D studies in infants and in lactating women. She was professor of pediatrics at the University of Cincinnati College of Medicine and Children's Hospital Medical Center, and recently accepted the position of director and chair of the Ethel Austin Martin Endowed Program in Human Nutrition at South Dakota State University where she is professor of nutrition and food sciences and adjunct professor of pediatrics at the University of South Dakota. Dr. Specker has over 80 peer-reviewed journal articles and book chapters. She is a member of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research, Society for Pediatric Research, American Society of Nutritional Sciences, and American Society for Clinical Nutrition.

Suggested Citation:"Appendix F Biographical Sketches of Committee, Subcommittee, Panel Members and Staff." Institute of Medicine. 1997. Dietary Reference Intakes for Calcium, Phosphorus, Magnesium, Vitamin D, and Fluoride. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/5776.
×

STEVE L. TAYLOR, Ph.D., serves as professor and head of the Department of Food Science and Technology and director of the Food Processing Center at the University of Nebraska. He also maintains an active research program in the area of food allergies through the Food Allergy Research and Resource Program at the University of Nebraska. He received his B.S. and M.S. in food science and technology from Oregon State University and his Ph.D. in biochemistry from the University of California, Davis. Dr. Taylor's primary research interests involve naturally occurring toxicants in foods, especially food allergens. His research involves the development of immunoassays for the detection of residues of allergenic foods contaminating other foods, the effect of processing on food allergens, and the assessment of the allergenicity of genetically engineered foods. Dr. Taylor has over 160 publications. He is a member of numerous professional associations including the Institute of Food Technologists, American Chemical Society, American Academy of Allergy, Asthma, and Immunology, and Society of Toxicology.

VERNON R. YOUNG, Ph.D., is a professor of nutritional biochemistry at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and director of the Mass Spectrometry Facility, Shriners Burn Hospital, Boston. Dr. Young received a B.Sc. in agriculture from the University of Reading, United Kingdom and a Ph.D. in nutrition from the University of California, Davis. He later received a D.Sc. from the University of Reading for his research on various aspects of muscle and whole-body protein metabolism. Dr. Young has served as president of the American Society for Nutritional Sciences. He is a member of the Food and Nutrition Board, the American Society of Clinical Nutrition, and the Nutrition Society (UK). He has served on many editorial boards, including the Journal of Nutrition and American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. In 1990 Dr. Young was elected to the National Academy of Sciences and in 1993 to the Institute of Medicine. His research has focused mainly on human protein and amino acid metabolism and nutritional requirements. He is the recipient of numerous other awards including the Mead-Johnson Award and the Bordon Award from the ASNS, the McCollum Award from the American Society of Clinical Nutrition, the Rank Prize in Nutrition (UK), the Bristol-Myers Squibb/Mead Johnson Award for Excellence in Nutrition Research (US), and the Danone International Prize for Nutrition (France). He also received an M.D. (h.c.) from Uppsala University, Sweden.

Suggested Citation:"Appendix F Biographical Sketches of Committee, Subcommittee, Panel Members and Staff." Institute of Medicine. 1997. Dietary Reference Intakes for Calcium, Phosphorus, Magnesium, Vitamin D, and Fluoride. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/5776.
×

ROBERT H. WASSERMAN, Ph.D., is James Law Professor of Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University. He received his B.S. in microbiology and his Ph.D. in nutritional microbiology from Cornell University. Dr. Wasserman's research interest is the mechanisms and control of epithelial transport of mineral ions with emphasis given to the role of vitamin D on the intestinal absorption of calcium and phosphorus. He was elected to the National Academy of Sciences in 1980, chaired its Committee on the Scientific Basis of Meat and Poultry Inspection, and was a member of the Food and Nutrition Board. Dr. Wasserman has served on the editorial boards of Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine, The Cornell Veterinarian, Calcified Tissue International, and Journal of Nutrition. Included among his numerous awards are the Mead Johnson Lectureship at Iowa State University, the Lichtwitz Prize of the Institut National de la Sante et de la Researche Medicale in Paris, the MERIT status award of the National Institutes of Health, the William F. Neuman Research Award from the American Society of Bone and Mineral Research, the Career Recognition Award from Vitamin D Workshop, Inc., and was elected a fellow of the American Institute of Nutrition.

CONNIE M. WEAVER, Ph.D., is professor and head of Foods and Nutrition at Purdue University. She received her B.S. and M.S. from Oregon State University and her Ph.D. from Florida State University, all in food science and human nutrition. She serves as president elect of the American Society for Nutritional Sciences, as scientific advisor to NASA and the International Life Sciences Institute, and on the editorial boards of the Journal of Nutrition Biochemistry and the CRC Series in Contemporary Food Science. Dr. Weaver's research focuses on mineral bioavailability and function.

GARY M. WHITFORD, Ph.D., D.M.D., is Regents' Professor in the Department of Oral Biology, Medical College of Georgia. He received his Ph.D. in toxicology from the University of Rochester and his D.M.D. from the Medical College of Georgia. Dr. Whitford received the H. Trendley Dean Distinguished Scientist Award from the International Association for Dental Research in 1986 and the ORCA-Rolex Award from the European Association for Caries Research in 1992. He is the author of over 100 publications, several chapters in various textbooks, and the monograph entitled the Metabolism and Toxicity of Fluoride.

Suggested Citation:"Appendix F Biographical Sketches of Committee, Subcommittee, Panel Members and Staff." Institute of Medicine. 1997. Dietary Reference Intakes for Calcium, Phosphorus, Magnesium, Vitamin D, and Fluoride. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/5776.
×

FNB STAFF

ALICE L. KULIK, M.S.P.H., is a research associate with the Food and Nutrition Board (FNB). In addition to her work with the Panel on Calcium and Related Nutrients, she has worked on several other Institute of Medicine reports including those of the Panel on Folate, Other B Vitamins, and Choline and the Committee to Review the Department of Defense 's Breast Cancer Research Program. Ms. Kulik received her B.A. in biology from Barnard College and her M.S.P.H. in epidemiology from the University of North Carolina School of Public Health. Prior to joining the FNB in 1996, Ms. Kulik was an assistant in the grants department of the Howard Hughes Medical Institute. She also worked as a biologist at the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases.

ELISABETH A. REESE, M.P.H., is a research associate with the Food and Nutrition Board (FNB). In addition to her work with the Subcommittee on Upper Reference Levels of Nutrients, Ms. Reese has worked on several Institute of Medicine and National Research Council reports including those of the Standing Committee on the Scientific Evaluation of Dietary Reference Intakes on calcium and related nutrients and folate and other B vitamins, and of the Committee to Ensure Safe Food from Production to Consumption. She also serves as president of the Society for Risk Analysis' Dose Response Specialty Group. Prior to joining the FNB in 1996, Ms. Reese was a staff scientist at an environmental consulting firm where she assessed and summarized the human health hazards of environmental chemicals and provided technical support for risk assessment projects. She earned a B.A. in chemistry and history from New York University, an M.P.H. in toxicology from the University of Michigan, and has since taken additional course work in epidemiology.

SANDRA A. SCHLICKER, Ph.D., is a senior program officer at the Food and Nutrition Board (FNB), and serves as the study director for the Subcommittee on Upper Reference Levels of Nutrients. Prior to joining the FNB, she was vice president of a Washington, D.C.-based consulting/research firm which focused on public policy issues in the fields of agriculture, health, and nutrition. Dr. Schlicker has served as a government relations representative, media spokes-person, and nutrition consultant to food manufacturers and trade associations. She is a licensed nutritionist and hold as B.S. in science and an M.S. and Ph.D. in food and nutrition from

Suggested Citation:"Appendix F Biographical Sketches of Committee, Subcommittee, Panel Members and Staff." Institute of Medicine. 1997. Dietary Reference Intakes for Calcium, Phosphorus, Magnesium, Vitamin D, and Fluoride. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/5776.
×

The Pennsylvania State University. An active member of the American Dietetic Association, Dr. Schlicker has authored numerous nutrition articles in professional and consumer publications.

ALLISON A. YATES, Ph.D., R.D., is director of the Food and Nutrition Board (FNB), Institute of Medicine (IOM), and also serves as study director for the Standing Committee on the Scientific Evaluation of Dietary Reference Intakes. Dr. Yates received a B.S. in dietetics and an M.S. in public health (nutrition) from U.C.L.A., a Ph.D. in nutrition from the University of California, Berkeley, and is a registered dietitian. She is a member of the American Society for Nutrition Sciences, American Society of Clinical Nutrition, American Dietetic Association, Institute of Food Technologists, and the American Public Health Association. Dr. Yates served as a member of the FNB Committee on Military Nutrition Research prior to assuming her position at IOM in 1994. Most recently, Dr. Yates was professor of foods and nutrition and dean of the College of Health and Human Sciences at the University of Southern Mississippi.

Suggested Citation:"Appendix F Biographical Sketches of Committee, Subcommittee, Panel Members and Staff." Institute of Medicine. 1997. Dietary Reference Intakes for Calcium, Phosphorus, Magnesium, Vitamin D, and Fluoride. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/5776.
×
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Suggested Citation:"Appendix F Biographical Sketches of Committee, Subcommittee, Panel Members and Staff." Institute of Medicine. 1997. Dietary Reference Intakes for Calcium, Phosphorus, Magnesium, Vitamin D, and Fluoride. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/5776.
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Suggested Citation:"Appendix F Biographical Sketches of Committee, Subcommittee, Panel Members and Staff." Institute of Medicine. 1997. Dietary Reference Intakes for Calcium, Phosphorus, Magnesium, Vitamin D, and Fluoride. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/5776.
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Suggested Citation:"Appendix F Biographical Sketches of Committee, Subcommittee, Panel Members and Staff." Institute of Medicine. 1997. Dietary Reference Intakes for Calcium, Phosphorus, Magnesium, Vitamin D, and Fluoride. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/5776.
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Suggested Citation:"Appendix F Biographical Sketches of Committee, Subcommittee, Panel Members and Staff." Institute of Medicine. 1997. Dietary Reference Intakes for Calcium, Phosphorus, Magnesium, Vitamin D, and Fluoride. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/5776.
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Suggested Citation:"Appendix F Biographical Sketches of Committee, Subcommittee, Panel Members and Staff." Institute of Medicine. 1997. Dietary Reference Intakes for Calcium, Phosphorus, Magnesium, Vitamin D, and Fluoride. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/5776.
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Suggested Citation:"Appendix F Biographical Sketches of Committee, Subcommittee, Panel Members and Staff." Institute of Medicine. 1997. Dietary Reference Intakes for Calcium, Phosphorus, Magnesium, Vitamin D, and Fluoride. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/5776.
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Suggested Citation:"Appendix F Biographical Sketches of Committee, Subcommittee, Panel Members and Staff." Institute of Medicine. 1997. Dietary Reference Intakes for Calcium, Phosphorus, Magnesium, Vitamin D, and Fluoride. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/5776.
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Suggested Citation:"Appendix F Biographical Sketches of Committee, Subcommittee, Panel Members and Staff." Institute of Medicine. 1997. Dietary Reference Intakes for Calcium, Phosphorus, Magnesium, Vitamin D, and Fluoride. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/5776.
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Suggested Citation:"Appendix F Biographical Sketches of Committee, Subcommittee, Panel Members and Staff." Institute of Medicine. 1997. Dietary Reference Intakes for Calcium, Phosphorus, Magnesium, Vitamin D, and Fluoride. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/5776.
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Suggested Citation:"Appendix F Biographical Sketches of Committee, Subcommittee, Panel Members and Staff." Institute of Medicine. 1997. Dietary Reference Intakes for Calcium, Phosphorus, Magnesium, Vitamin D, and Fluoride. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/5776.
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Suggested Citation:"Appendix F Biographical Sketches of Committee, Subcommittee, Panel Members and Staff." Institute of Medicine. 1997. Dietary Reference Intakes for Calcium, Phosphorus, Magnesium, Vitamin D, and Fluoride. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/5776.
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Suggested Citation:"Appendix F Biographical Sketches of Committee, Subcommittee, Panel Members and Staff." Institute of Medicine. 1997. Dietary Reference Intakes for Calcium, Phosphorus, Magnesium, Vitamin D, and Fluoride. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/5776.
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Since 1941, Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDAs) has been recognized as the most authoritative source of information on nutrient levels for healthy people. Since publication of the 10th edition in 1989, there has been rising awareness of the impact of nutrition on chronic disease. In light of new research findings and a growing public focus on nutrition and health, the expert panel responsible for formulation RDAs reviewed and expanded its approach—the result: Dietary Reference Intakes.

This new series of references greatly extends the scope and application of previous nutrient guidelines. For each nutrient the book presents what is known about how the nutrient functions in the human body, what the best method is to determine its requirements, which factors (caffeine or exercise, for example) may affect how it works, and how the nutrient may be related to chronic disease.

The first volume of Dietary Reference Intakes includes calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, vitamin D, and fluoride. The second book in the series presents information about thiamin, riboflavin, niacin, vitamin B6, folate, vitamin B12, pantothenic acid, biotin, and choline.

Based on analysis of nutrient metabolism in humans and data on intakes in the U.S. population, the committee recommends intakes for each age group—from the first days of life through childhood, sexual maturity, midlife, and the later years. Recommendations for pregnancy and lactation also are made, and the book identifies when intake of a nutrient may be too much. Representing a new paradigm for the nutrition community, Dietary Reference Intakes encompasses:

  • Estimated Average Requirements (EARs). These are used to set Recommended Dietary Allowances.
  • Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDAs). Intakes that meet the RDA are likely to meet the nutrient requirement of nearly all individuals in a life-stage and gender group.
  • Adequate Intakes (AIs). These are used instead of RDAs when an EAR cannot be calculated. Both the RDA and the AI may be used as goals for individual intake.
  • Tolerable Upper Intake Levels (ULs). Intakes below the UL are unlikely to pose risks of adverse health effects in healthy people.

This new framework encompasses both essential nutrients and other food components thought to pay a role in health, such as dietary fiber. It incorporates functional endpoints and examines the relationship between dose and response in determining adequacy and the hazards of excess intake for each nutrient.

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