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DRI Dietary Reference Intakes: For Thiamin, Riboflavin, Niacin, Vitamin B6, Folate, Vitamin B12, Pantothenic Acid, Biotin, and Choline
have detected low plasma concentrations of biotin (Bhagavan, 1969; Dostalova, 1984); others have not (Mock and Stadler, 1997). DM Mock and colleagues (1997b) detected increased 3-hydroxyisovaleric acid in more than half of healthy pregnant women by the third trimester, and urinary excretion of biotin was decreased in about 50 percent of the women studied. It is not known whether these changes in values are normal for pregnant women or indicate low biotin intake relative to need. However, these data are not sufficient to justify an increase in the AI to meet the needs of pregnancy except for pregnant adolescents.
Biotin AI Summary, Pregnancy
AI for Pregnancy
14–18 years
30 µg/day of biotin
19–30 years
30 µg/day of biotin
31–50 years
30 µg/day of biotin
Lactation
Method Used to Set the AI
To cover the amount of biotin secreted in milk, the AI is increased by 5 µg/day for lactating adolescents and women. No distinction is made for the stage of lactation or age.
Biotin AI Summary, Lactation
AI for Lactation
14–18 years
35 µg/day of biotin
19–30 years
35 µg/day of biotin
31–50 years
35 µg/day of biotin
Special Considerations
Persons receiving hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis may have an increased requirement for biotin (Livaniou et al., 1987; Yatzidis et al., 1984) as would persons with genetic biotinidase deficiency (Mock, 1996).
