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NOTICE: The project that is the subject of this report was approved by the Governing Board of the National Research Council, whose members are drawn from the councils of the National Academy of Sciences, the National Academy of Engineering, and the Institute of Medicine.
This study was supported by Contract No. S-FBOAD-94-C-0023 between the National Academy of Sciences and the Department of State on behalf of the Defense Special Weapons Agency. The views presented in this report are solely those of the workshop participants and do not represent the position or opinion of the Defense Special Weapons Agency, the Board on Infrastructure and the Constructed Environment, the National Research Council, or the National Academy of Sciences.
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Cover art: Schematic line drawing of underground facilities in Norway is reprinted by permission of the Norwegian Defence Construction Service
Copyright 1998 by the National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.
Printed in the United States of America.
Board On Infrastructure And The Constructed Environment
WALTER P. MOORE,* (Chair),
Texas A&M University, College Station
BRENDA MYERS BOHLKE,
Parsons Brinckerhoff, Inc., Herndon, Virginia
CATHERINE BROWN,*
University of Minnesota, Minneapolis
NANCY RUTLEDGE CONNERY,
Woolwich, Maine
RICHARD DATTNER, Richard Dattner Architect,
P.C., New York
CHRISTOPHER M. GORDON,
Massachusetts Port Authority, Boston
NEIL GRIGG,
Colorado State University, Fort Collins
DELON HAMPTON,
Delon Hampton & Associates, Washington, D.C.
SUSAN E. HANSON,
Clark University, Worcester, Massachusetts
JAMES O. JIRSA,
University of Texas, Austin
GEORGE D. LEAL,
Dames & Moore, Inc., Los Angeles
VIVIAN LOFTNESS,
Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh
NRC Staff
RICHARD G. LITTLE, Director,
Board on Infrastructure and the Constructed Environment
LYNDA L. STANLEY, Director,
Federal Facilities Council
JOHN A. WALEWSKI, Program Officer
LORI DUPREE, Administrative Associate
Acknowledgments
This report has been reviewed by individuals chosen for their diverse perspectives and technical expertise, in accordance with procedures approved by the National Research Council's (NRC's) Report Review Committee. The purpose of this independent review is to provide candid and critical comments that will assist the NRC in making the published report as sound as possible and to ensure that the report meets institutional standards for objectivity, evidence, and responsiveness to the study charge. The contents of the review comments and draft manuscript remain confidential to protect the integrity of the deliberative process. We wish to thank the following individuals for their participation in the review of this report:
Dr. Brenda Meyers Bohlke, Parsons Brinckerhoff, Inc., Reston, Virginia
Mr. Reuben Samuels, NAE, Parsons Brinckerhoff, Inc., New York, New York
Dr. Eugene Sevin, NAE, Lyndhurst, Ohio
Mr. Peter Smeallie, Research Opportunities Management, Alexandria, Virginia
Although the individuals listed above have provided many constructive comments and suggestions, responsibility for the final content of this report rests solely with the NRC.
Contents
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Welcoming Address |
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Findings of the President's Commission on Critical Infrastructure Protection |
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Key Issues in Going Underground |
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Infrastructure Protection in the United States: A Norwegian Perspective |
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Panel 1:Infrastructure Protection Issues |
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Panel 2:Needs and Requirements of the Infrastructure Community |
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Panel 3:Experience with Underground Facilities: Capabilities, Limitations, and Applications |
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Panel 4:Factors Influencing the Decision-Making Process |
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Technical Session Summary |
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Policy Session Summary |
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