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| NCHRP Web Document 2
(Project 3-51)
Appendix A of Contractor's Final Report
1
Communication Mediums for
Intelligent Transportation Systems
Final Report
Prepared for
National Cooperative Highway Research Program
Transportation Research Board
National Research Council
by
Kimley-Horn and Associates, Inc.
Dallas, Texas
Bruce C. Abernathy, P.E., Ph.D., Principal Investigator
James E. Gunn, P.E., Ph.D., Asst. Principal investigator
Joyce E. Minor, Editor
June 1996
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ACKNOWLEDGMENT
This work was sponsored by the American
Association of State Highway and Transportation
Officials (AASHTO), in cooperation win He Federal
Highway Administration, and was conducted in the
National Cooperative Highway Research Program
(NCHRP), which is administered by the Transportation
Research Board (TRB) of the National Research
Council.
DISCLAIMER
The opinion and conclusions expressed or implied in
He report are those of the research agency. They are
not necessarily those of He TRB, the National
Research Council, AASHTO, or the U.S. Government.
This report has not been edited by TRB.
Click on the Cooperative Research Programs
(CRP) homepage (http://www2.nas.edu/trtcrp)
for project status and report availability or write
to:
Transportation Research Board
National Research Council
2 ~ 0 ~ Constitution Ave. N.W.
Washington, D.C. 20418
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FOREWORD
This report describes many of the alternatives available in designing the communications subsystem
of an intelligent transportation system (ITS). The various communication mediums, protocols, and
terminals are extensively discussed. A rational approach to communication subsystem design is
introduced along with examples of typical systems and information on cost estimating and support
considerations. Lastly, perceived barriers to implementation of advanced communication technologies
are discussed as well as strategies to overcome them. This report wait be extremely useful to those
designing a communications system or overseeing the design of one.
In January ~ 996, Secretary of Transportation Federico Pena introduced a major new Depardnent of
Transportation initiative called "Operation TimeSaver." The goal of Operation Timesaver is to install
Intelligent Transportation Infrastructure (ITI) in 75 of the largest U.S. metropolitan areas in 10 years.
The ITT, as defined by the U.S. DOT, consists of the following nine elements: smart traffic-controT
systems, freeway management systems, transit management systems, incident management programs,
electronic toll collection on roads and bridges, electronic fare payment, railroad grade crossings that are
integrated into the overall system, emergency response providers, and traveler information systems. The
TTT subsumes the more traditional elements of ITS.
The cost of an ITS is driven by the communication subsystem, which often accounts for 50 percent
of the budget. The communications industry is rapidly evolving, creating technologies that can
beneficially be applied to ITS. This requires transportation agencies to continually reassess their
standards because last year's design may not be the best given today's conditions.
Many transportation agencies lack the in-house talent to design communications systems and rely
upon the work of consultants. An understanding of communications concepts and capabilities is needed
to both scope the work of the consultant and to critically review the consultant's products.
The objectives of NCHRP Project 3-51 were to assess advanced communication mediums applicable
to ITS and provide guidance on selection, design, deployment, maintenance, and staffing for these
mediums. Kimiey-Horn and Associates, assisted by the voluntary cooperation of many communications
suppliers, has developed a thorough guide to communications that will be extremely helpful both to those
designing communications systems and those responsible for overseeing the work of consultants.
Appendix A of the report, included in this volume, is the primary user guide resulting from the
project. It is available for viewing on the worId-w~de web and copies are available for sale Tom TRB.
Appendices B (Presentation Material), C (Medium/Terminal Data Sheets), and D (Annotative
Bibliography of Communications Technology) are available as downIoadable files on the worId-wide
web. The worId-wide web documents are available on the~page describing NCHRP Project 3-5~ on the
TRB Cooperative Research Program homepage, http://www2.nas.edu/trbcrp.
