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TCRP Web Doc 1 Bus Operator Workstation Evaluation and Design Guidelines: Final Report (1997)
Transportation Research Board (TRB)

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219
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B.1 Classification of Bus Operator Workstation Design Variables Number of design variables defined: 242 Number of design guidelines provided: 46 Notation: 1. Classification of related methodological characteristics - Ergonomic design variable (ED) : related to ergonomic characteristics - Mechanical design variable (MD): related to mechanical characteristics - Aesthetic design variable (AD) 2. Classification of cause and effect relationship - Simple design variable (P) - Master design variable (M) Slave design variable (S) - Complex design variable (C) . related to preference or aesthetics little influence, little dependence large influence, little dependence little influence, large dependence . large influence, large dependence Nomenclature of Bus Operator Workstation Design Variables: Abbreviation Description APRP Accelerator Pedal Reference Point 3PRP Brake Pedal Reference Point SIR Ratio Control-Response Ratio FRP Farebox Reference Point NICIRP _ · · _ · _ · · NIDEP Neutral Design Eye Point SILIRP Neutral Left Instrument Panel Reference Point LSCMRP Neutral Left Side Convex Mirror Reference Point ~LSFMRP Neutral Left Side Flat Mirror Reference Point sIPMCMRP Neutral Passenger Monitor Convex Mirror Reference Point RIRP Neutral Right Instrument Panel Reference Point RSCMRP Neutral Right Side Convex Mirror Reference Point JRSFMRP Neutral Right Side Flat Mirror Reference Point JRVMRP Neutral Rear View Mirror Reference Point MSRP Neutral Seat Reference Point SWAP Neutral Steering Wheel Reference Point 'LRP Personal Locker Reference Point BRP Seat Belt Reference Point N0 _ _ B - 1

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B.1 Classification of Bus Operator Workstation Design Variables with respect to Related Methodological Characteristics and Cause/Effect Relationship (continued) Design Variables 1st Level 2nd Level Seat (S) . 3rd Level . headrest (H) seat back (B) seat pan (P) seat belt (L) 4th Level length width . depth l curvature . angle . adjustment location material length widtil depth curvature angle Adjustment location material length width depth curvature angle adjustment location material length width ~- location tension material Code . SH1 SH2 SH3 SH4 SH5 SH6 SH7 SH8 SH9 SH1 0 SH11 SH12 SB1 SB2 SB3 SB4 SB5 SB6 SB7 SB8 SB9 SB1 0 SB1 1 SB12 SB13 SB14 SB15 SP1 SP2 SP3 SP4 SP5 SP6 ~SP7 SP8 jP9 SP10 SP11 SP12 SP13 SP14 SP15 SP16 SP17 SP18 SP19 SL1 SL2 SL3 SL4 SL5 SL6 SL7 headrest length headrest width headrest depth ~ Fa. . headrest vertical adjustment range . headrest vertical adjustment increment headrest vertical angle adjustment horizontal distance of NDEP from ~ I ~ a1~e DI~D-~ h~ NS headrest cover texture headrest cushion material density seat back length upper seat back width middle seat back width = upper seat back depth ~0 [~ ~r =~[ Ju~: O ~1 pper seat back curvature m~D ~ s~ ~:1 uJEVam ower seat back curvature b~= ~:< n~ w~= a~) ~ eat back angle adjustment range vertical distance of lumbar support distance from NSRP 5~= ~-r _~B eel o~ ~i ·n m~ 1~"~y seat pan length front seat pan depth middle seat pan depth rear seat pan depth m~u ~ 0~ ~] = rear seat pan curvature seat pan neutral horizontal angle seat pan angle adjustment range ~ ~_~ - ~t ~e seat upward adjustment range seat downward adjustment range vertical distance of NSRP from WO seat pan cover texture seat pan cushion material density seat spring stiffness seat damping coefficient seat belt length seat belt width la~teral distance of SBRP from NSRP horizontal distance of SBRP from NSRP vertical distance of SBRP from NSRP seat belt tension seat belt texture B - 2 Methodological Characteristics

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B.1 Classification of Bus Operator Workstation Design Variables with respect to Related Methoclological Characteristics and Cause/Effect Relationship (continuecl) 1st Level Steering (T) Pedals (P) 2nd Level brake pedal (B) accelerator pedal (A) 3rd Level steering wheel (I spokes (S) pedal plate pedal arm pedal mounting base pedal plate Design Variables 4th Level diameter shape angle adjustment location resistance CR ratio material width thickness angle material length width thickness shape angle location material length width thickness shape material length width thickness angle resistance location material length width thickness shape angle location wheel diameter grip diameter wheel shape grip shape wheel plane neutral horizontal angle wheel column neutral vertical angle wheel telescope adjustment range wheel plane horizontal angle adjustment range wheel column vertical angle adjustment range horizontal distance of NSWRP from NSRP vertical distance of NSWRP from NSRP steering wheel resistance force steering wheel CR ratio steering wheel material spoke width spoke thickness spoke angle relative to wheel plane spoke orientation angle steering wheel spoke material brake pedal plate length brake pedal plate width brake pedal plate thickness brake pedal plate shape brake pedal plate lateral angle brake pedal plate horizontal angle brake pedal plate pivot angle range lateral distance of BPRP from NSRP horizontal distance of BPRP from NSRP vertical distance of BPRP from WO brake pedal plate material brake pedal arm length brake pedal arm width brake pedal arm thickness brake pedal arm shape brake pedal arm material ~ - brake pedal mounting base length brake pedal mounting base width brake pedal mounting base thickness brake pedal actuation angle brake pedal actuation force brake pedal recovery force brake pedal mounting base location brake pedal mounting base material accelerator pedal plate length accelerator pedal plate width accelerator pedal plate thickness accelerator pedal plate shape accelerator pedal plate lateral angle accelerator pedal plate horizontal accelerator pedal plate pivot angle lateral distance of APRP from NSRP Code TW] TW2 TW3 TW4 TW5 TWO TW7 TWO TWO TW10 TW11 TW12 TW13 TW14 TS1 TS2 TS3 TS4 TS5 PB1 PB2 PB3 PB4 PB5 PB6 PB7 PB8 PB9 PB10 PB11 PB12 PB13 PB14 PB15 PB16 PB17 PB18 PB19 PB20 PB21 PB22 PB23 PB24 PA1 PA2 PA3 PA4 PA5 PA6 PAT PA8 Methodological Charactenstics

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B.1 Classification of Bus Operator Workstation Design Variables with respect to Related Methocdological Characteristics and Cause/Effect Relationship (continuecl) Design Variables Code 1st Level 2nd Level 3rd Level 4th Level 5th Level . horizontal distance of APRP from Pedals accelerator pedal plate location NSRP PA9 (P) pedal ~ ~ . ~ u~ o F Arm Ace: t, PA1 0 (A) material accelerator pedal plate material PA11 pedal arm length accelerator pedal arm length PA12 width accelerator pedal arm width PA13 thickness accelerator pedal arm thickness PA14 shape accelerator pedal arm shape PA] 5 material a: anew q~a am ~r ~PA16 pedal length accelerator pedal mounting base PA17 mounting width accelerator pedal mounting base PA18 base thickness ~ ~m u~a ~ ~] ~e gPA19 angle A= PA20 resistance acc~ -ream ~a a~ai oa 3 ~PA21 = PA22 location a;= ·~: ·~a ~ ~g base PA23 material ~= ·~ ·~a ~ ~; Oase PA24 Instrument left length left instrument panel length IL1 Panels instrument width ~ news ~ ~ ~ dm IL2 (I) panel thickness ~ left instrument panel thickness IL3 (L) curvature left instrument panel curvature IL4 angle left instrument panel horizontal angle IL5 adjustment lefl instrument panel horizontal IL6 left instrument panel vertical IL7 location ~m, ~ u~ af NU Rp ~m ~IL8 nJE~ ~ ·~-~ m N RP ~IL9 ~ ~ ~= ~: RP ~ ~? IL10 material ~IL11 ~ nS~ ~ ~ ~ si IL12 central length ICI instrument width central instrument panelwidth ~ IC2 panel thickness central instrument panel thickness IC3 (C) curvature ~ ~:l ~ pane :. IC4 angle ~ Am--p a~ w~ :a ~1 ] ~ IC5 hu ~ ~ . 5~ cd ARC ~ham location N~H IC6 wow I s~B ZINC :? ~m N0~ ~ IC7 material worn ~ m~a IC8 central instrument panel surface finish IC9 right length right instrument panel length IR1 instrument width right instrument panel width ~ IR2 panel thickness right instrument panel thickness IR3 (R) curvature right instrument panel curvature jR4 angle right instrument panel horizontal angle IR5 adjustment right instrument panel horizontal IR6 adjustment range left instrument panel length left instrument Danel width B - 4 Methodological Charactenstics

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B.1 Classification of Bus Operator Workstation Design Variables with respect to Related Methodological Characteristics and CauseJEffect Relationship (continuecl) 1st Level Instrument Panels (1) Mirrors (M) instrument panel left side flat mirror An) left side convex mirror (L) rear view mirror (V) right side flat mirror (R) Design Variables 4th Level adjustment location material length width angle adjustment location material length width curvature angle location material length width angle adjustment location l material length width angle adjustment 5th Level right instrument panel vertical adjustment range lateral distance of NRIRP from NSRP horizontal distance of NRIRP from NSRP vertical distance of NRIRP from NSRF right Instrument panel material right instrument panel surface finish left side flat mirror length left side flat mirror width left side flat mirror lateral angle left side flat mirror vertical angle left side flat mirror lateral angle adjustment range left side flat mirror vertical angle adjustment range lateral distance of NLSFMRP from NDEP horizontal distance of NLSFMRP from NDEP vertical distance of NLSFMRP from NDEP left side flat mirror reflectance left side convex mirror length left side convex mirror width left side convex mirror curvature left side convex mirror lateral angle left side convex mirror vertical angle lateral distance of NLSCMRP from NDEP horizontal distance of NLSCMRP from NDEP vertical distance of NLSCMRP from NDEP left side convex mirror reflectance rear view mirror length rear view mirror width rear view mirror lateral angle rear view mirror vertical angle rear view mirror lateral angle adjustment range rear view mirror vertical angle adjustment range lateral distance of NRVMRP from NDEP horizontal distance of NRVMRP from NDEP vertical distance of NRVMRP from NDEP rear view mirror reflectance right side mirror length right side mirror width right side flat mirror lateral angle right side flat mirror vertical angle right side flat mirror lateral angle adjustment range right side flat mirror vertical angle adjustment range B - 5 Code IR7 IR8 IR9 IR10 IR11 IR12 ML1 ML2 ML3 ML4 ML5 ML6 ML7 ML8 ML9 ML1 0 ML1 1 ML1 2 ML1 3 ML1 4 ML1 5 ML16 ML1 7 ML1 8 ML1 9 MV1 MV2 MV3 MV4 MV5 MV6 MV7 MV8 MV9 MV10 MR1 MR2 MR3 MR4 MR5 MR6 Methodological Charactenstics

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B.1 Classification of Bus Operator Workstation Design Variables with respect to Related Methodological Characteristics and Cause/Effect Relationship (continued) 1st Level Mirrors (M) Windshield (I Farebox (FA) Peripheral Workspace (E) 2nd Level right side flat mirror (R) right side convex mirror (R) passenger monitor convex mirror (P) windshield (I pillar (P) personal locker (P) 4th Level location material length width curvature angle ocat' tn material length width curvature angle location material length width curvature angle location material length width thickness length width depth location length width Depth lateral distance of NRSFMRP from NDEP horizontal distance of NRSFMRP from NDEP vertical distance of NRSFMRP from NDEP right side flat mirror reflectance right side convex mirror length right side convex mirror width right side convex mirror curvature right side convex mirror lateral angle right side convex mirror vertical angle lateral distance of NRSCMRP from NDEP horizontal distance of NRSCMRP from NDEP vertical distance of NRSCMRP from NDEP right side convex mirror reflectance passenger monitor convex mirror length passenger monitor convex mirror width passenger monitor convex mirror curvature passenger monitor convex mirror lateral angle passenger monitor convex mirror vertical angle lateral distance of NPMCMRP from NDEP horizontal distance of NPMCMRP from NDEP vertical distance of NPMCMRP from NDEP passenger monitor convex mirror reflectance windshield length windshield width windshield curvature windshield vertical angle windshield lower side height from WO windshield glare reflectance pillar length pillar width pillar thickness farebox length farebox width farebox depth lateral distance of FRP from NSRP- horizontal distance of FRP from NSRP vertical distance of FRP from NSRP personal locker length personal locker width personal locker depth B - 6 Code MR7 MR8 MR9 MR1 0 MR1 1 MR1 2 MR1 3 MR1 4 MR1 5 MR1 6 MR1 7 MR1 8 MR1 9 MP1 MP2 MP3 MP4 MP5 MP6 MP7 MP8 MP9 WW1 WW2 WW3 WW4 WW5 WW6 WP1 WP2 WP3 FB1 FB2 FB3 FB4 FB5 FB6 EP1 EP2 EP3 l Methodological Characteristics

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B.1 CIassification of Bus Operator Workstation Design Variables with respect to Related Methodological Characteristics and Cause/Effect Relationship (continuecl) -_ C o d e M e t h o d o l o g i c a l C h a r a c t e r i s t i c s C a u s e / E ff e c t D e s i g n 1st Level 2nd Level 3rd Level 4th Level 5th Level Relationship Guideline Peripheral personal location lateral distance of PLRP from NSRP EP4 horizontal distance of PLRP from Workspace locker NSRP EP5 x s (E) (P) lock location EP6 x modesty length modesty panel length EM1 x panel width modesty panel width EM2 x (M) thickness modesty panel thickness EM3 x location |h~rizontaldistanceof the f'~nt face of| EM4 | I I x I s modesty panel from NSRP material modesty panel translucence EM5 x cold blast length cold blast protector length EC1 x P protector width old blast protector width EC2 x (C) thickness cold blast protector thickness EC3 x era dis ance of he ef f ce of co d EC4 |location |b ast protector from N;RP l l l l wastebasket length wastebasket length EW1 x P (W) width wastebasket width EW2 _ x . depth wastebasket depth EW3 x B - 7

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33. PAl O. vertical distance of APRP from WO Design Var. PA10. vertical distance of APRP from WO T Classification 1 Master Related Design PA6. accelerator pedal plate horizontal angle (30 a) Variable (From) Related HL18. horizontal length from heel point to ankle pivot Anthropometric HL19. horizontal length from ankle pivot to ball-of-foot Variable Related Design Guideline Key Design 1. Maintain the comfortable ROM ranges of the hip, knee, and ankle. Concept 2. Maintain reachability of foot controls with the ball of foot on the pedal plate pivot. 1 ~ \\\ ~ ,~,.~ ~~ 1 \~.\ my/ ~$b ~Bust ~.~C OCR for page 269
34. PA21. accelerator pedal actuation force | Design Var. | PA21.acceleratorp lalactuation force ~ Classification ~Simple Related Design Variable (From) Related Anthropometric Variable Diffrient et al. (1981) - 28.9 - 40 N (6.5 - 9 lb) optimum - 44.5 N (10 lb) Max.; 26.7 N (6 lb) Min. Van Colt and Kinkade (1972) - 28.9 - 40 N (6.5 - 9 lb) Related - 17.8 N (4 lb) Min. Design - Minimum resistance should be greater than the exerted force on the pedal by the Guideline weight of the leg alone. - Maximum pedal resistance should never exceed the maximum force exertable by the weakest operator. - For ankle operated pedals in continuous use, such as an automobile accelerator, the maximum and minimum resistance should be less than those of leg-operated pedals, such as a brake pedal. 1. The accelerator pedal resistance should be greater than the exerted force on the pedal by the weight of the leg alone to avoid an undesirable activation caused by an Key Design accidental contact with the pedal. Concept 2. The accelerator pedal resistance should be far less (about 10~20%) than the maximum force exertable by the weakest operator to actuate the pedal with a reasonable force continuously. Drawine Desien Function Design Value PA21 = 31.2 ~ 40 N (7 ~ 9 lb) Comment 35. PA22. accelerator pedal recovery force Design Var. PA22.acceleratorpedalrecovery force | Classification | Simple Related Design Variable (From) Related Anthropometric Variable Related Sanders and McCormick (1993) Design - The pedal should return to its initial position when the operator releases the pedal. Guideline This elastic resistance also reduces the possibility of an undesirable activation caused by an accidental contact with the pedal. Key Design Concept Drawine Desien Function Desian Value PA22 = 22.2 N (5 lb) Comment B - 51

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36. Irk. left instrument pane] horizontal adjustment range Desien Var. IL6. left instrument panel horizontal adjustment ran he Classification Slave _ . ~ Related Design IL9. horizontal distance of NLIRP from NSRP Variable (From) Related Anthropometric Variable Related Design Guideline Key Design Concept Drawings Design Function IL6 2 range of IL9 =rangeof[33.2,43.11=9.9cm Design Value IL6 = 9.9 cm Comment 37. W7. left instrument pane] vertical adjustment range Design Var. IL7. left instrument panel vertical adjustment range | Classification | Slave Related Design IL10. vertical distance of NLIRP from NSRP Variable (From) Related Anthropometric Variable . Related Design Guideline Key Design Concept Drawings Design Function IL7 > range of IL10 = range of [10.9, 14.9] = 4.0 cm Desian Value IL7 = 4.0 cm cat Comment B - 52

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38. TLS. lateral distance of NETRP from NSRP | Design Var. ~ ~8. lateral distance of NLIRP from NSRP ~ Classification ~Master Related Design TVV1. steering wheel diameter Variable (From) SP9. seat pan neutral horizontal angle (5°) SB11. seat back neutral vertical angle (10°) HL5. shoulder pivot width HL21. humeral link Related HL22. forearm link Anthropometric HL24. wrist to finger-grip Variable HA6. shoulder flexion (0°) HA7. shoulder abduction (22.1 °) HA9. elbow flexion (50°) Related Diffrient et al.~1981) - arm-rest spacing 48.3-55.9 cm (p. 19) Design Guideline Key Design 1. Maintain the comfortable ROMs for the elbow and shoulder Concept 2. Maintain reachability of the left instrument panel with the left finger tips Drawings Design Function IL8 = median of HL5 x 0.5 + [(HL22 + HL24) x cos (HA9 - 90 + SP9 + SB 1 1 + HA6) + HL21 x sin (SP9 + SB 1 1 + HA6~] x sin (HA7) = median of t29.4, 36.6] = 33.0 cm, and IL8 > 0.5 x TW1 = 22.8 cm Design Value IL8 = 33.0 cm Comment The lateral distance from NLIRP to NRIRP(IL8 + IR8) should be greater than the recommended arm-rest spacing (48.3 - 55.9 cm). B - 53

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39. ~9. horizontal distance of NLIRP from NSRP Design Var. IL9. horizontal distance of NLIRP from NSRP Classification Master Related Design SP9. seat pan neutral horizontal angle (5°) Variable (From) SB 1 1. seat back neutral vertical angle ( 10°) HL8. shoulder pivot to hip pivot HL12. horizontal length from hip pivot to SRP (sitting) Related HL21. humeral link Anthropometric HL22. forearm link Variable HL24. wrist to finger-grip HA6. shoulder flexion (0°) HA7. shoulder abduction (22.1 °) HA9. elbow flexion (50°) Related Design Guideline Key Design 1. Maintain the comfortable ROMs for the elbow and shoulder Concept 2. Maintain reachability of the left instrument panel with the left finger tips _ Drawines Design Function IL9 = median of tHL21 x sin(SP9 + SB 1 1 + HA6) + (HL22 + HL24) x cos(HA9 - 90 + SP9 + SB 1 1 + HA61] x cos(HA7) + HL12 x cos (SP9) - HL8 x sin (SP9 + SB11) =medianof[33.2,43.1]=38.1 cmtrangeofIL9=9.9 cm) Design Value IL9 = 38.1 cm 1. Assume that the shoulder flexion is 0°and the elbow flexion is 50° when the left Comment arm of a bus operator is on the left instrument panel. 2. The horizontal adjustment range of the left instrument panel (IL6) should be 9.9 cm at least to accommodate the 5th percentile female to the 95th percentile male. B - 54

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40. ~10. vertical distance of NLTRP from NSRP Design Var. | ~10. vertical dista Ice of NLIRP from NSRP | Classification | Master L Related Design SP9. seat pan neutral horizontal angle (5°) Variable (From) SB11. seat back neutral vertical angle (10°) HL8. shoulder pivot to hip pivot HL11. vertical length from hip pivot to SRP (sitting) Related HL12. horizontal length from hip pivot to SRP (sitting) Anthropometric HL21. humeral link Variable HL22. forearm link HL24. wrist to finger-grip HA6. shoulder flexion (0°) HA7. shoulder abduction (22.1 °) HA9. elbow flexion (50°) Related Design Guideline Key Design 1. Maintain the comfortable ROMs for the elbow and shoulder Concept 2. Maintain reachability of the left instrument panel with the left finger tips Drawines IL10 = median of HL1 1 x cos(SP9 + SB 1 1) + HL12 x sin (SP9) Design Function + HL8 x cos (SP9 + SB 1 1 ) + [(HL22 + HL24) x sin (HA9-90+SP9+SB 1 1+HA6) - HL21 x cos (SP9 + SB 1 1 + HA6~] x cos (HA7) = median of [10.9, 14.9] = 12.9 cm (range of IL10 = 4.0 cm) Desian Value IL10 = 12.9 cm 1. Assume that the shoulder flexion is 0° and the elbow flexion is 50° when the left Comment arm of a bus operator is on the left instrument panel. 2. The vertical adjustment range of the left instrument panel (IL7) should be 4.0 cm at least to accommodate the 5~ percentile female to the 95th percentile male. B - 55

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41. {R6. right instrument pane] horizontal adjustment range Design Var. IR6. right instrument panel horizontal adjustment range Classification ~Slave Related Design IR9. horizontal distance of NRIRP from NSRP Variable (From) Related Anthropometric Variable Related Design Guideline Key Design Concept Drawings Design Function IR6 2 range of IR9 = range of [38.6, 51.9] = 13.3 cm Design Value IR6 = 13.3 cm Comment 42. TR7. right instrument pane} vertical adjustment range [ Design Var. | IR7. rightinstrumer: panel vertical adjustment range ~ Classification ~Slave Related Design IR10. vertical distance of NRIRP from NSRP Variable (From) Related Anthropometric Variable Related Design Guideline Key Design Concept Drawings Design Function IR7 2 range of IR10 = range of [28.4, 32.9] = 4.5 cm _ Design Value IR7 = 4.5 cm Comment B - 56

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43. TRS. lateral distance of NRTRP from NSRP | Design Var. | IR8. lateral distance of NRIRP from NSRP | Classification | Master Related Design TW1. steering wheel diameter Variable (From) SP9. seat pan neutral horizontal angle (5°) SB 1 1. seat back neutral vertical angle (10°) HL5. shoulder pivot width HL21. humeral link Related HL22. forearm link Anthropometric HL24. wrist to finger-grip Variable HA6. shoulder flexion (15°) HA7. shoulder abduction (27.9°) ~ HA9. elbow flexion (60°) Related Diffrient et al.~1981) - arm-rest spacing 48.3-55.9 cm (p. 19) Design Guideline Key Design 1. Maintain the comfortable ROMs for the elbow and shoulder Concept 2. Maintain reachability of the right instrument panel with the right finger tips Drawings Design Function IR8 = median of HL5 x 0.5 + [(HL22 + HL24) x cos (HA9 - 90 + SP9 + SB 1 1 + HA6) + HL21 x sin (SP9 + SB 11 + HAN] x sin (HA7) = median of t33.1, 40.9] = 37.0 cm, and IR8 > 0.5 x TW1 = 22.8 cm Design Value IR8 = 13 in. Comment The lateral distance from NLIRP to NRIRP(IL8 + IR8) should be greater than the recommended arm-rest spacing (48.3 - 55.9 cm). B - 57

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44. {R9. horizontal distance of NRTRP from NSRP Design Var. IR9. horizontaldistance of NRIRP from NSRP | Classification | Master Related Design TW1. steering wheel diameter Variable (From) SP9. seat pan neutral horizontal angle (5°) SB 1 1. seat back neutral vertical angle (10°) HL5. shoulder pivot width HL8. shoulder pivot to hip pivot Related HL12. horizontal length from hip pivot to SRP (sitting) Anthropometric HL22. forearm link Variable HL24. wrist to finger-grip HA6. shoulder flexion (15°) HA7. shoulder abduction (27.9°) HA9. elbow flexion (60°) Related Design Guideline Key Design maintain the comfortable ROMs for the elbow and shoulder Concept maintain reachability of the right instrument panel with the right finger tips Drawings IR9 = median of [HL21 x sin(SP9 + SB 1 1 + HA6) + (HL22 + HL24) x Design Function cos(HA9 - 90 + SP9 + SB 1 1 + HAN] x cos(HA7) + HL12 x cos (SP9) - HL8 x sin (SP9 + SB 1 1) = median of [38.6, 51.9] = 45.2 cm (range of IR9 = 13.3 cm) Desi~n Value IR9 = 38.1 cm v 1. Assume that the shoulder flexion is 15°and the elbow flexion is 60° when the right Comment arm of a bus operator is on the right instrument panel. 2. The horizontal adjustment range of the right instrument panel (IR6) should be 13.3 cm at least to accommodate the 5th percentile female to the 95th percentile male. B - 58

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45. TR]0. vertical distance of NRTRP from NSRP Design Var. | IR10. vertical distal he of NRTRP from NSRP ~ Classification ~Master Related Design SP9. seat pan neutral horizontal angle (5°) Variable (From) SB 1 1. seat back neutral vertical angle (10°) HL8. shoulder pivot to hip pivot HL1 l.vertical length from hip pivot to SRP (sitting) HL12. horizontal length from hip pivot to SRP (sitting) Related HL21. humeral link AnthropometFic HL22. forearm link Variable HL24. wrist to finger-grip HA6. shoulder flexion ( 15°) HA7. shoulder abduction (27.9°) HA9. elbow flexion (60°) Related Design Guideline Key Design 1. Maintain the comfortable ROMs for the elbow and shoulder Concept 2. Maintain reachability of the right instrument panel with the right finger tips Drawings IR10 = median of HL11 x cos(SP9 + SB11) + HL12 x sin (SP9) Design Function + HL8 x cos (SP9 + SB 1 1) + t(HL22 + HL24) x sin (HA9-90+SP9+SB 1 1+HA6) - HL21 x cos (SP9 + SB 1 1 + HA6~] x cos (HA7) = median of [28.4, 32.9] = 30.5 cm (range of IR10 = 4.5 cm) Desian Value IR10 = 30.5 cm 1. Assume that the shoulder flexion is 15°and the elbow flexion is 60° when the right Comment arm of a bus operator is on the right instrument panel. 2. The vertical adjustment range of the right instrument panel (IR7) should be 4.5 cm at least to accommodate the 5th percentile female to the 95th percentile male. B - 59

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Representative terms from entire chapter:

pedal plate