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TCRP Web Doc 1 Bus Operator Workstation Evaluation and Design Guidelines: Final Report (1997)
Transportation Research Board (TRB)

Page
443
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Page
443

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I. Ergonomic Design Process of Instrument Panel Layout F-1

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Ergonomic Design Process of Transit Bus Instrument Panel Layout Instrument Panel Analysis - Taxonomy - Design Attributes - Operational Charactenstics (Frequency of Use / Importance Sequence / Functional Similarity) Isis Scow Design Guideline ' Field Survey / Operating Requirement Analysis - Relationship Analysis - Space Requirement Analysis (~sign Criteria) ~ _ . . Layout Optimization I - SLP method i I - Optional Assignment I Ergonomic Panel Suggestion - Panel Layout - Controls / Displays Specification F-2 Workspace Analysis Viewing Zone plenary - Secondary (Eye / Neck / Head Movement) Workspace Segmentation Reach Zone - Minimurn - Normal - Maximllm Bland / Foot) Ergonomic Guideli 5/ , - Viewing Zone Segmentation - Reach Zone Se~nentanon .

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II. Controls / Displays Analysis F-3

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F-11: Controls / Displays Analysis Ilk. Hierarchy of Transit Bus Controls / Displays Fat

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F-II: Controls / Displays Analysis Hierarchy of Transit Bus Controls / Displays - Controls / Displays I 1 si Level 2 nd Level Master Engine Transmission I Lighting Load / Unload Windshield Mirror Climate Communication _ ~ I en: Light Panel Test Button _ Engine Override Automatic Transmission ShiD . as_ ' Turn Signal (Left / Right) _ Hazard Warning Signal _ Headlamp (Upper i Lower) _ Interior Lighting _ Drivers Area Light _ Instrument Panel Dimmer Door Control (Front / Rear) _ Rear Door Control . _ Door Ovemde _ Door Air Dump Valve _ Parlcing Brake . brake Release . Kneed eel Recover ~iG~ff ~iR Control Wheelchair Function Switch Passenger Chime Control Farebox Control Wiper (Left / Right) Hi= ime Control _ Mirror Defroster _ Uses DriveYs Climate Control is_ Ventilation Control Front Step Heat Control Public Address System Radio Control Microphone Destination Sib Adjuster Horn Emergency F-5 No 1 2 4 5 _ 7 8 9 0 1 2 1 14 1 16 l 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 34 35 36 ,7 38 39 40 41

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F-II: Controls / Displays Analysis Hierarchy of Transit Bus Controls / Displays Contro s / Displays . . . 1 St Level 2 nd Level Display Telltale Auxiliary No. . ~ rd Level . Engine Coolant Temperature _ Engine Oil Pressure _ Transmission Oil Temperamre _ . _ Gauge Speedometer / Odometer _ Tachometer _ _ Electrical Charge Seat Belt Trar.~m~ssion Mode Tum Signal & Howard Warning Highbearn Door Unlock Stop Request Mobility Aid Stop Request papa Brake Kneel Wheelchair Lift Defrost _ Air Conditioner Fail l Low Engine Coolant 44 45 4 47 48 49 50 51 _1 52 5~ 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 rid 64 65 Engine Fire Low Transmission Oil Transmission Retarder Low Air Pressure Low Fuel _ i~Am_ _ _ Clock Fee 68 69 70 71 72 7~

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F-1I: Controls / Displays Analysis Il-2. Taxonomy of Controls / Displays F-7

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F-II: Controls / Displa~ s Analysi s Taxonomy of Controis Adjustment Tyce Discrete Controls Continuous Controis Cursor Controls l Control Movement Linear . . Swiveling Turning Linear Swiveling Turning Controls Push-button Legend SM/ Slide SM/ Push-Pull SMI Push-Pull Handle . Sensor Key Alphanumeric Keys Toggie SMI _ Rocker SM/ Detent Lever Keylock Rotary Selector Knob _ Detent Thumbwheel J-Handle Rota~ Disk _ _ Sliding Handle _ Continuous Lever _ Joystick Pedal Continuous t OCR for page 451
F-II: Controls / Displays Analysis Taxonomy of Controls l l Adjustment Type Discrete Controls Control Movement Linear Controls Push-button Legend SMI Slide SM/ Push-Pull SM/ l Push-Pull Handle Code Hand Push-button Foot Push-buKon Page 1 of 7 F-9 Illustration DL1 DL2 DL3 DL4 \ DLS DL6 At&

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F-lI: Controls / Displays Analysis Taxonomy of Controls 1 11 1 Adjustment Type Discrete Controls Control Movement Linear Swiveling Sensor Key Alphanumenc Keys Toggle SARI Rocker SARI Detent Lever Turning Controls Keylock Code DL7 DL8 DS1 DS2 DS3 DT1 Page 2 of 7 F-10 Illustration ~3i=' SGE(~G~ it,

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F-II: Controls / Displays Analysis Taxonomy of Controls Adjustment Type Control Movement Controls Discrete Controls Turning Rotary Selector Knob Detent Thumbwheel Bar Knob Round Knob J-Handle i Rotary Disk Page 3 of 7 F-11 Code DT2 DT3 DT4 DT5 OT6 Illustration 0~4 ,~ \ (ooo~:

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F-V: lustrumcm PanclLayoulCpEmizadon V-3e Instrument Placement AlgorUbm Development F-78

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F-V: Instn~n~ent Panel Layout Optimization Instrument Placement Algorithm of Bus Workstation Panels I. Theoretical Background Each control and display on instrument panels needs to be placed in an optimum location to facilitate performance of bus operator's activities carried out in the workstation. This optimum location would be predicated on visual, anthropometric, and biomechanical characteristics- visibility, reach, and muscle contraction force. However, it is not feasible to place all instruments in the optimum operating area due to the limited space of the optimum viewing and reach zones. In order to optimally arrange the instruments in the limited panel area, operational characteristics of each instrument such as frequency-of-use, importance, functional similarity, sequence-of-use, user's stereotype, and standards are utilized in the panel layout design. Although these operational characteristics are effective to reflect their practical task requirements in the determination of instrument location. there are trade-offs between those characteristics. Thus, it is required to set priorities of those characteristics according to design phase. In general, there are two different but sequentially interrelated layout planning phases: overall layout and detail layout (Musher, 1973). In overall layout phase, the general location of instruments is roughly established, while the specific location of instruments within their general location is deterrn~ned in detail layout phase. In this study, three stepwise layout design phases are defined to apply six operational characteristics of transit bus instruments and a layout design algorithm is developed in conjunction with those layout design phases. F-79

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F-V: Instn~ment Paw Layout Optimization 2. Instrument Placement Algorithm Phase i: Overall Layout Step i: Combined Ranking of Frequency-of-Use and Importance - Relative Weight of Frequency : 0.65 - Relative Weight of Importance: 0.35 Step 2: Ranking of Workspace Zones Phase 2: Intermediate Layout Step I: Apply Results of Bus Operators' Stereotypes Step 2: Apply Recommen~lations Phase 3: Detail Layout Step I: Apply Results of Functional Similarity Relationship - High Similar Ins~nents: Grouping Together Step 2: Apply Results of Sequence-of-Use Relationship - Place Instruments Left-to-Right or Top-to-Bottom or - Workspace Ranking for Control Placement - Workspace Ranking for Display Placement Step 3: Control & Display Placement - Assignment High-Ranked Display / Control to lIigh-Ranked Workspace Zone for Display / Control Placement Center-to-Outside Location according to Sequential Relationship F-80

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F-V: Instrun~ent Panel Las out Optimization V-4. Optimized Instrument Pane! Layout At. F-81

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F-V: Instrument Panel Layout Optimization ~ mew, , _ ~9 it, Dim ~~~ ''I 1~3 :3 i 9001 _ _O r L F-82 Hi ,~ i

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F-V: instrument Panel Layout Optimization 1 ~ cite Dow Hoers it' ~ Ln~ent ~1 2e~ ~o' D ~Cam \ \~ W/C Power Fc~ox \ I I 1 1~1 ~ ~-~ ;'I I ~ 1 ~ ~ -~ em. ~ ~11~ ~ ~P . _: _~c -too _ 1 F-83

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Lo Test F-V: Instrument Panel Layout Optimization _~S~ ,~, an 1 -r ~ No L1PH J ~ PSI k\\~5/ ~ / F~4 ;

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Fed: Instn~ment Panel Layout Optimization l l ~- I:! tic-= ; ~~\ ^/~ , . `\ ' ~ ( (:2 ,) ! - it /C~ 'A I,?- Bent: ' i ~ ~ec~~ L ~r;ve~ Cl,mote | ~ I I '-"'- ~41 l in L i Lit Coach Drivers | l ~ H: r lie S-.crter. I| ~ ~ ~IL: ~BUD S~l,e=~r ~_ ; I 5~= _0 ~ 1 -t~r~er Come Chew! P. A ', - 'he Specie 1 M7rr~c ~I p~~~ Adjust I ~ Mart ~e-. ,~ ! I ~- A' Pro i 1:f:

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~V: lam ~1 ~ ~imi~don V-5- Design Specification of Controls / Displays F-86

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F-V: I~stn~ment Panel Las out Optimization

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instrument Panel Layout Optimization F-88 ~0 - - - - . u, -~ E e ,, _ ~ 5 To 3 5 > _ 5 o C ~ ~ ~ C ~ Ig ~ a ~0 . ~ 8 o & c o 2 > ~ ~ o ~ ~ _ O e O lo a _ ~ . - o - g

Representative terms from entire chapter:

front instrument