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NCHRP Web Doc 7 Summary of Progress Through 1988 (1988)
Transportation Research Board (TRB)

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NATIONAL COOPERATIVE HIGHWAY RESEARCH PROGRAM SUMMARY OF PROGRESS THROUGH 1988 INTRODUCTION The National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) was established in 1962 to provide a continuing program of highway research. It is sponsored by member departments of the American Association of State High- way and Transportation Officials (AASHTO) in coop- eration with the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA), U.S. Department of Transportation, and is car- ried out under a three-way agreement among these agen- cies and the National Academy of Sciences. AASHTO annually proposes specific research problems for inclusion in the NCHRP fiscal year activities. At least two-thirds of the member departments must approve the research problems and agree to their financial support before they can be brought into the Program. Following balloting by the member departments, the approved problems are referred to the Academy, where they are reviewed to determine their acceptability to the Academy for admin- istration by the Transportation Research Board. Each State annually contracts with the Academy to commit a portion of its Federal-aid highway planning research (HPR) funds. These funds presently make available a cooperative pool of about $8.0 million for NCHRP each year. Each research project in the program is assigned to a panel made up of persons knowledgeable in the particular problem area. The panel analyzes the problem, outlines the particular project and its objectives, and then prepares a research project statement by which proposals are so- licited from qualified research agencies. The panels review the proposals, recommend contract awards, and provide counsel to the NCHRP staff responsible for surveillance of work under the research contracts. Finally, they review final reports for acceptability and for accomplishment of the approved research plan. There are presently some 71 1 members on these panels coming from 45 States, the District of Columbia, Puerto Rico, Canada, and New Zealand. A professional staff is assigned to NCHRP by the Board. Projects engineers with training and experience in the many research areas encompassed by the Program are responsible for administrative and technical surveil- lance of the contracts. If necessary, frequent meetings involving the staff, panel, and agency personnel are held to review project progress and provide guidance for on- going work. The research findings are published in either of two regular NCHRP report series or as a Research Results Digest. Each state highway administrator receives a copy immediately on publication, and as many as 6,000 copies are issued through the Transportation Research Board's Publication's Office. Twice each year, detailed progress reports are submit- ted by the NCHRP to the sponsors to provide them with current information on the specifics of technical progress of the projects, as well as the specifics of administrative matters relating to Program operation. These reports are supplemented by publication of an annual summary of progress that is made available at the end of each year to both the sponsors and the public at large. HOW NCHRP PROGRAMS ARE FORMULATED NCHRP programs are initiated on an annual basis, and there are many steps between initiation and the time that the final reports are published. Each fiscal year's program must start with the identification of critical problems by: state highway and transportation departments, AASHTO Committees, and the Federal Highway Administration. The many problems (usually for more than 150) received from these sources each year are first screened to determine: . If the proposed problem represents an immediate research need and is of interest to many states. . If it can be handled effectively under a cooperative program. . If similar efforts are already under way, or if satis- factory answers are already available. In these respects, a search is made of the relevant literature stored in the Board's automated Highway Research Information Ser- v~ce. . The probability of success. The technical merits of the problems that survive this initial screening (usually about 50 percent) are then eval- uated in depth by the AASHTO Standing Committee on

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2 Research. Final priorities are determined each year at a meeting to formulate research programs for the NCHRP. After the program is approved, by AASHTO, it is referred to TRB for execution. PROGRAMS RECEIVED TO DATE Through most of NCHRP's history, each year's pro- gram generally has consisted of from 7 to 10 new prob- lems, each with funding usually ranging between $ 150,000 and $300,000 and a like number of continuations of proj- ects funded in earlier years. Measured against the large number of research needs, as evidenced by the list that has ranged as high as 188 problems submitted for eval- uation in a single year, the funds made available to the NCHRP each year have been far too limited. For about 15 years, annual funding for the NCHRP remained nearly constant at just below $5 million, while, during this pe- riod, the purchasing power of the research dollar was severely reduced by inflation. This decline was reversed with enactment of the Surface Transportation Assistance Act of 1982 which resulted in an approximately 50 percent funding increase for NCHRP. The federal-aid highway legislation enacted in 1987 had the effect of reducing NCHRP funding by 18 percent to a level of about $6.8 million. In February 1988, AASHTO approved a new formula for NCHRP contributions (5.5% of Federal-Aid Highway Planning and Research apportionments) to re- store NCHRP funding to approximately $8.3 million starting in fiscal year 1989. In 1988 AASHTO referred the twenty-seventh program (FY '89) of research problems. From all programs RESEARCH FIELD A: ADMINISTRATION PROBLEM AREAS: 2 - Economics 11 - Law 19- Finance RESEARCH FIELD B: TRANSPORTATION PLANNING PROBLEM AREAS: 8 - Forecasting 25 - Impact Ana Iysis 1SEEE) * *Social, Environmental. Economic, Energy Note: This structure became effective January 1, 1979, for use relative to FY 1981 and future pro jects. Changes: Area 7 moved from Field B to Field G. Area 8 redesignated (formerly "Urban Transportation'') . Area 25 added. through FY '89, 541 research contracts have resulted, totaling some $86.5 million. The subject matter of the projects ranges across the full spectrum of concern within the highway industry and evidences the sponsor's im- mediate interest in acquiring answers at an early date to the many acute problems facing administrators and en- gineers. The twenty-eighth program (FY '90) was for- mulated in September 1988 by the Standing Committee on Research. Proposals will be solicited in March 1989. AASHTO's initial steps toward development of the twenty-ninth research program (FY '91) were taken in October 1989. FINANCING THE PROGRAM Each year, each State contracts with the National Academy of Sciences to support the Program. The agree- ment commits the State to 572 percent of its 172 percent federal-aid highway planning and research (HPR) funds. From these contributions a cooperative pool of about $8.3 million is presently made available each year for NCHRP's administrative and contract research opera- tions. Funds are scheduled to become available such that research can begin near the end of each year; for example, projects in the FY '89 program were scheduled to begin in December 1988. HOW THE NCHRP IS ORGANIZED TO ADMINISTER RESEARCH PROGRAMS All problems are assigned to specific problem areas within each of the eight broad research fields shown in NCHRP RESEARCH FIELDS AND AREAS rim _ TRB EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE ~ ~-~ r--~~~J A--- -- - - --- ~ ---_ __ _ ___ , TRB EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE ! ,;IJRC^~MMITTEE FOR THE NCHRP RESEARCH FIELD C: DESIGN PROBLEM AREAS: I - Pavements 12 - Bridges 15 - Genera ~ Design 16 - Roadside De velopment 22 - Vehicle Barrier Systems -- - - - - ~ - --r~~~ ~~~~ - ~~~~ . I I . r I RESEARCH FIELD D: RESEARCH FIELD E. MATERIALS AND SOILS AND CON 5TR UCTION ~| GE0LC GY PROBLEM AREAS: 4 - (genera I Materials 9 - Bituminous Materials 10 - Specs., Proce dures, and Practices 18 - Concrete Materia Is RESEARCH FIELD F: MAINTENANCE PROBLEM AREAS: 21 - Testingand Instrumen- tation 23 - Properties 24- Mechanicsand Foundations PROBLEM AREAS: 6 - Snow and Ice Control 13 - Equipment 14- Maintenance of Way and Structures _ RESEARCH FIELD G': TRAFFIC PROBLEM AREAS: 3 - Operations and Control 5 - 111umination and Visi bility 7 - Traffic Planning 17- Safety - 1 SPECIAL PROJECTS PROBLEM AREA: 20 Encompasses all projects not readily identified with other problem areas. See Table 5 of latest annual Summary of Progress for FIGURE I project identification.

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TABLE 1 DISTRIBUTION OF PROJECTS WITH RESPECT TO GENERALIZED SUBJECT AREAS NO. OF PERCENT PROJECTS OF FUNDS GENERALIZED SUBJECT AREAS 52 60 13 82 20 26 31 31 69 100 9.0 12.5 3.4 13.9 3.5 13.8 4.7 8.0 12.3 18.9 Socio-economic and environmental issues Urban issues Multimodal issues Safety and accident prevention Legal studies Special projects (including in-house) Improved materials quality and performance Highway maintenance Specifications, tests, and construction control Structural design and performance . . Figure 1 and are given related NCHRP project numbers. In terms of generalized subject areas, the distribution of all projects through FY 1989 is shown in Table 1. Each project is assigned to a panel consisting of out- standing individuals very knowledgeable in the project area who are looked to for technical guidance and counsel throughout the research and reporting phases. A broad search is made for these individuals, and the Board usually receives about four to five times as many nominees as can be used in the available panel positions. The panels are in existence for the life of their projects. Members do not act as consultants or advisors to project investigators; they may not submit proposals for research. All members serve without compensation, and their total yearly contribution to the Program adds up to thousands of man-days. The panel members are drawn from all walks of professional life, and, as shown in Table 2, heavy dependence is placed on the states for providing members. The perspective of state people in defining the research needed to solve op- erational problems is most important if projects that are both practical and feasible within the limits of available funds are to be structured. The duties and responsibilities of project panels include: . Defining the scope of problems assigned by AASHTO and drafting project statements requesting pro- posals for studies. . Evaluating proposals and making recommendations regarding selection of research agencies. . Monitoring research progress. . Providing guidance regarding technical aspects of the research. . Reviewing and evaluating project reports as to the accomplishment of objectives and suitability for publi- cation. . Making recommendations as to whether or not stud- All ies should be continued. HOW THE PROJECTS ARE PLACED UNDER CONTRACT It is important to note that the NCHRP is not in the business of awarding grants for basic research. Rather, the Program calls for contract research with specific ob- jectives that, if achieved, will result in solutions that are practical and readily usable. As the NCHRP gets each year's program under way, the project panels meet to write research project statements based on the research problems referred by AASHTO. These statements are then sent automatically to a mail- ing list of some 3,000 research agencies ranging from individuals to large corporations. Anyone may be added to this list by request addressed to the Director, Coop- erative Research Programs at TRB. Because NCHRP operates on a fixed-schedule, proposals must be submitted according to fixed deadlines. Contracts have been let to agencies headquartered in more than 25 States, the District of Columbia, and one foreign country. The types of agencies selected to conduct NCHRP research are listed in Table 3. The opportunity to propose is open to anyone possessing extensive, dem- onstrated capability and experience in the problem area. Because the projects call for practical remedies to pressing operational problems, it is expected that only the highest level of agency capability will be applied in meeting the commitments of the proposal- capability cannot be de- veloped at project expense. Consonant with the goal of providing practical, readily usable solutions to pressing problems, time and experience have led to the develop- ment of fairly stringent specifications for proposals and agency attributes that are acceptable to the mission-ori- ented nature of the NCHRP. Proposals must comply with the format in the current brochure, Information and In- structions for Preparing Proposals. TABLE 2 DISTRIBUTION OF PROJECT PANEL AND COMMITTEE MEMBERSHIP WITH RESPECT TO AFFILIATION AFFILIATION NO. OF POSITIONS MEMBERS INVOLVED State highway and transportation departments Federal Highway Administration* Special transportation and other governmental agencies Educational institutions Research institutes Industry, consultants, and trade associations Professional societies and service 8 organizations 66 110 7 153 711 330 371 48 67 131 7 187 11 822 * Does not include liaison representatives

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4 TABLE 3 AGENCY DISTRIBUTION OF FY '63 THROUGH FY '89 PROJECTS - TYPE OF AGENCY CONTRACTS NO. % Educational institutions Research institutes Industry, consultants, and trade associations Professional societies and service 13 2 organizations State highway and transportation departments Special transportation and other governmental agencies All 18134 8416 24246 51 41 529100 The staff and panel members evaluate all proposals in a uniform manner, with primary consideration given to: . The understanding of the problem and the merit of the research plan and approach. . The experiment design and the promise of fulfilling the objectives of the project statement. . The qualifications of the principal investigator and other members of the research team. . The adequacy of the facilities. The proposed budget is not one of the primary factors because the funds available for reseach are announced in the project statement. The budget does not enter the evaluation process leading to agency selection, except when specific items are reviewed to better determine man power allocations and distribution of resources. When the proposed cost exceeds the funds stated to be available, the proposal is rejected on receipt. A panel meeting is held to select an agency for each project, and a review is made of all known aspects of Once research starts, administrative and technical sur performance of the proposers on other research projects veillance of its progress is performed by NCHRP staff, under NCHRP or elsewhere. The successful proposals presently standing at 16 8 professional, 8 support. In are retained by the panel members for use in monitoring depth surveillance by projects engineers with wide-rang the research. Proposals are considered to be privileged, ing expertise contributes much to the probability of and the information in them is not released outside the project success and can be one of the most significant of TRB unless explicit approval is obtained from the agency. the several elements influencing how well objectives are Policy also holds that panel deliberations and meeting met. It is recognized, however, that a delicate balance notes are privileged. must be maintained in the practical exercise of surveil Following the selection meetings, a list of recommended lance. It must be penetrating enough to be effective, yet research agencies is transmitted to AASHTO and the it must not be so complex or burdensome as to distract Federal Highway Administration for their review and the researchers from their primary efforts or add unrea approval. Contracts between the Academy and the re- sonably to the agency's cost of doing business. search agencies are executed, and research is begun. In addition to reviewing monthly progress schedules Again, it should be emphasized that the NCHRP is a and quarterly progress reports, the projects engineers program of contract research it does not operate on a maintain frequent telephone contacts and regularly visit grant basis. Further, proposals can be received only in the research agencies throughout the contract penods. response to advertised project statements, as the funds They talk with each principal investigator about the proj available each year to the Program are earmarked in their ect's status to learn if the research is being pursued in entirety for research problems specified by the sponsor AASHTO. From the standpoint of AASHTO's interests, needs, and capital investments, it is important to understand that a contract is not signed with the selected agency until the staff and project panel are satisfied that the proposed scope of work provides the best probability for success in meeting AASHTO's needs. In the period between agency selection and contract execution, a concerted effort is made to resolve questions and clarify matters of tech- nical substance emanating from the selection process. This action usually results in an addendum to the research plan in the agency's approved proposal; therefore, both the proposal and the addendum are incorporated in the contract as the binding scope of work. Furthermore, soon after contract execution, the agency is required to submit a Working Plan that is intended to be an amplified version of the research plan. It is against this document that progress of the project is monitored by the staff and proj- ect panel. The policy of the NCHRP is to provide a debriefing to unsuccessful proposers to indicate the technical areas in which their proposals were judged weak and deficient and how the weaknesses or deficiencies were factors in their not having been selected. The projects included in the 27 fiscal year programs conducted to date are listed in Table 4. The Academy's research contract is either: . Cost-Reimbursement . Cost-Reimbursement Plus Fixed Fee . Fixed Price The Academy decides, in agreement with the agency, which type of contract will be used in each case. KEEPING TRACK OF RESEARCH IN PROGRESS

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s line with the approved research plan, and they provide guidance in all technical and administrative matters. They provide liaison in whatever manner is required to keep their project panels abreast of progress and to acquire panel guidance and counsel in technical matters, partic- ularly as regards the relationships between research ob- jectives and the needs of the practicing engineer. Because the agency's proposal is incorporated in its entirety in the contract, the agency's approved budget is among the items subject to the terms of the agreement. The principal in- vestigator has flexibility in managing the budget up to the point of not materially departing from the approved research plan or exceeding the contract's maximum al- lowable cost. Major changes to account for promising new leads or unproductive lines of study must be approved in advance by the staff and project panel and are autho- rized through a contract amendment. Agency invoices are checked monthly by staff for deviations from the- approved budget. Based on all surveillance activities, staff prepares its own progress reports, which are sent to the sponsors to provide a current awareness of ongoing work. Finally, the staff and panels evaluate the completed re- search to determine the degree of technical compliance with the contract so that recommendations for contract close-out can be made. A point heavily stressed with the research agencies at the time of the first surveillance visit is that they must orient their thinking toward presentation of their research results in a form that is directly usable by practicing engineers. Further, to enable an easy determination of the usefulness of the results to practice, each final report includes a "Summary of Findings" and a chapter on "Interpretation, Appraisal, and Application of Results." The detailed research techniques and analyses of interest primarily to researchers are offered in appendixes. Such specification of the style and organization of reports guides the researcher in presenting results so that maxi- mum use by the sponsors may be obtained. NCHRP publications consist of: . Project reports in the regular NCHRP Report series. . Reports in the NCHRP Synthesis of Highway Prac- tice series. . Annual summary of progress through December 31. . NCHRP Research Results Digests. . NCHRP Legal Research Digests. . Semiannual progress reports. The semiannual progress reports are issued only to the various program participants. The other publications are distributed more widely through the NCHRP and through the Board's selective distribution process; the print order for reports in the formal NCHRP series ranges from 3,500 to 7,000 copies. In addition to AASHTO and the Chief Administrative Officers, copies automatically go to: . Individual TRB members who have selected publi- cations in the particular subject area of the report. . About 100 libraries. . Transportation Research Board representatives in the state highway and transportation departments. . Educational institutions. . Liaison representatives. . Appropriate panels and committees. News releases announcing the publication of NCHRP reports are sent to appropriate trade publications and other news media. For each report, the NCHRP staff writes a foreword that identifies the fields of specialty of those individuals having most interest in the results. It also suggests how the results fit into present knowledge and practice. Furthermore, the Board's Technical Activ- ities Staff follows the progress of the work and is therefore able to discuss the potential application of research results during their periodic visits to State highway and trans- portation departments. All published reports are offered for sale through the Board's Publications Office and are also entered in the National Technical Information Ser- vice (NTIS). All unpublished reports are placed on mi- crofiche for ready availability to interested parties. SYSTEMATIC PLANNING FOR GETTING RESEARCH RESULTS FROM NCHRP PROJECTS INTO PRACTICE Promoting Useful Results Previous reference has been made to the fact that many activities take place between initiation of research pro- grams and execution of research contracts. Many addi- tional ones take place before formal publication of the final reports is realized. At milestones in the process net- work reflecting all activities, NCHRP concentrates on the opportunities to increase the probability that useful results will find their way into practice more quickly. Beyond the sponsor's initial contribution of setting the goals for a program of applied research dedicated to solving press- ing operational problems, the NCHRP tries to further increase the probability by: · Establishing the agency and personnel qualifications that are mandatory if the goals are to be achieved. Em- phasis is placed on the importance of a record of successful past performance in endeavors similar to those to be un- dertaken. Further, it is also stipulated that proposals are not acceptable if they do not contain specific statements as to how the anticipated results can be used to improve practice. . Making use of panel members, who not only are experts in the particular problem area but who also have a complete understanding of the needs of the practitioners, to define the research problem and its objectives in the form of a precise project statement on which fully re

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6 sponsive research proposals can be based. Experts drawn from the highway and transportation departments play a major role in this task. . Exercising extreme care in the process of selecting research agencies to ensure not only that the proposed research plan is the best possible in addressing the specifics of the objectives but that it also culminates in the best promise for providing the practitioner with a product that is both usable and readily implementable. . Establishing on the basis of staff and project panel review of and suggested modifications to the research plan a clear meeting of the minds as to what specifically is expected from the project and the researchers in order to meet the needs of the practitioner. . Acquiring an amplified research plan that is intended to detail comprehensively the approved research plan and to include a specific schedule of events for the major tasks. This document is used by the stab in the day-to-day surveillance of the project's progress and by the project panel as required. . Carrying out project surveillance sufficient to keeping the research in line with the approved research plan, constantly keeping the researchers aware of the needs of the practitioner, and insuring that all project develop- ments through final reporting center around these needs. . Requiring research reports in a format that is de- signed specifically to first meet the needs of the busy administrator and the practitioner. Different treatment is given to the material that would be of interest to other researchers. NCHRP Reporting of Research Results In an applied research program such as the NCHRP, the sponsor rightfully expects not only results that are accurate but also findings that can be readily put into practice. This means that the final research reports must be presented in language understandable to both admin- istrators and engineers and in such format as to permit easy assimilation. Research reports are sometimes so clouded by obscure language and format that the reader must spend precious time and effort in translating them into concise and readily usable working documents. Re AWARD-WINNING RESEARCH UNDER NCHRP Several projects have been honored to date as outstand- ing contributions to the field of highway safety and have received Metropolitan Life Awards for Research in Ac- cident Prevention from the National Safety Council. They are: . NCHRP Project 1-7, "Development of Interim Skid- Resistance Requirements for Highway Pavement Sur- faces." In 1968, this project, reported as VCHRP Report 37, "Tentative Skid-Resistance Requirements for Main Rural Highways," received the Award of Merit ($5001. search agencies for the NCHRP are required to report their results in a form that succinctly summarizes the findings for the busy administrator and likewise informs the practitioner of the application of the findings. The detailed research techniques and analyses in which a re- searcher would be interested are presented in appendixes and do not have to be labored through to extract the findings. The Program specifies style and organization of all reports to guide the researcher in his writing so that maximum use by the sponsors may be obtained. IMPLEMENTING RESEARCH RESULTS Over the years there have been opportunities for the Program staff and various AASHTO committees to work together to structure the research findings into the best possible form for immediate use by the practitioner. Such joint efforts are highly desirable and represent the ultimate in the steps that the Program can take to weight the odds in favor of implementation of the findings. AASHTO has provided the NCHRP with frequent opportunities for staff and project researchers to go before the various committees of the Association to present their findings and recommendations directly to the user com- munity. EXAMPLES OF UTILIZATION OF NCHRP RESEARCH RESULTS Beyond the uses of NCHRP research results cited in Table 5, there undoubtedly are many other uses that are unknown to the Program. NCHRP reports have been abstracted by numerous foreign countries, including Rus- sia, with subsequent utilization being reported here. In the interest of all potential users, the Program will be grateful for any information on actual application of re- sults and associated cost savings. This will be reported in the hope that widespread interest will develop in the States and that, consequently, research results will find their way more quickly into policies, practices, procedures, specifications, and standards of the highway and trans- portation departments. . NCHRP Project 3-8, "Factors Influencing Safety at Highway-Rail Grade Crossings." In 1969, this project, reported as NCHRP Report 50, "Factors Influencing Safety at Highway-Rail Grade Crossings," received top honors the Award of Honor ($1,0001. . NCHRP Project 2-3, "Analysis of Motor Vehicle Accident Data as Related to Highway Classes and Design Elements." Also in 1969, this project, reported as NCHRP Report 47, "Accident Rates as Related to Design Ele- ments of Rural Highways," placed second and received the Award of Merit ($5001.

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7 Other projects prominent in various other classes of awards are: . NCHRP Project 20-7, Task 2, "The Relation of Side Slope Design to Highway Safety." In 1977, Eugene D. Marquis and Graeme D. Weaver shared the 1977 Arthur M. Wellington Prize of the American Society of Civil Engineers for their paper, "Roadside Slope Design for Safety," which was based on the research reported in NCHRP Report 15S, "Selection of Safe Roadside Cross Sections." . NCHRP Project 20-3, "Optimizing Freeway Corri- dor Operation Through Traffic Surveillance, Communi- cation, and Control." In 1969, a paper based on this project received Honorable Ment on under the Past Pres- ident's Award, Institute of Traffic Engineers. . NCHRP Project 9-1, "Asphalt Durability and Its Relation to Pavement Performance." In 1969, a paper based on this project, reported in NCHRP Report 67, `'Relation of Asphalt Rheological Properties to Pavement Durability," received the W. J. Emmons Annual Award of the Association of Asphalt Paving Technologists as the best paper at the annual meeting. . NCHRP Project 5-8, 'iWarrants for Highway Light- ing." In 1973, a paper based on this project, reported in NCHRP Report 152, "Warrants for Highway Lighting," received the Highway Research Board Award as the most outstanding paper presented at the Board's Annual Meet- ing. SUMMARY The National Cooperative Highway Research Program is a unique contract research effort designed to respond quickly and efficiently to the needs of State highway and transportation departments through the solution of the pressing transportation problems. Although the Trans- portation Research Board administers the Program, the research content is solely the prerogative of the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Offi . NCHRP Project 12-7, "Effects of Weldments on Fa- tigue Strength of Steel Beams." In 1977, the Principal Investigator, Professor John W. Fisher, received the T. R. Higgins Award from the American Institute of Steel Construction as author of NCHRP Report 147, "Fatigue Strength of Steel Beams with Welded Stiffeners." . NCHRP Project 12-12, "Welded Steel Bridge Mem- bers Under Variable-Cycle Fatigue Loadings." In 1979, the Principal Investigators, Karl H. Klippstein and Charles G. Schilling, were co-recipients of the Arthur M. Wellington Prize from the American Society of Civil En- gineers for their paper, ``Fatigue of Steel Beams by Sim- ulated Bridge Traffic," published in the Journal of the Structural Division, August 1977. The paper was based on Project 12-12. . NCHRP Project 20-9, `'Socioeconomic Conse- quences of Right-of-Way Acquisition Induced Resident Dislocation." The Principal Investigator, Mr. Jon E. Burkhardt, received the 1980 Pvke Johnson Award from the Transportation Research Board as author of the paper "Residential Dislocation: Costs and Consequences." . NCHRP Project 1-17, "Guidelines for Recycling Pavement Materials." In 1981, a paper based on this project, reported in NCHRP Report 224, "Guidelines for Recycling Pavement Materials," received the W. J. Emmons award for the best technical paper at the annual meeting of the Association of Asphalt Paving Technologists. cials and its member departments. The Program is one of applied (rather than basic) research, and every possible effort is made to help administrators and engineers put the findings to early use. Program policy ensures maxi- mum exposure of the research while in progress in the hope that research results will, in fact, more quickly find their way into practice in the form of policies, procedures, specifications, and standards of State highway and trans- portation departments.

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8 TABLE 4 SUMMARY OF STATUS THROUGH DECEMBER 31, 1988 FOR FY '63 THROUGH FY '89 PROJECTS PROJECT NO. TITLE AREA ONE: DESIGN PAVEMENTS 1-1~1) Development of Procedures for Comparing the AASHO Road Test Findings with Performance of (1) Existing Pavements and (2) Newly Constructed Experimental Pavements 1-1~2) Guidelines for Extending the Findings of the AASHO Road Test Implementation Phase Comparison of Different Methods for Evaluating Pavement Conditions 1-3~1) Factors Influencing Pavement Performance Regional 1-3~2) Factors Influencing Pavement Performance Local 1-3~3) Factors Influencing Pavement Performance 1-4~1) Extension of Road Test Performance Concepts 1-41A Extension of Road Test Performance Concepts 1-4~2) Extension of Road Test Performance Concepts 1-5 Detecting Variations in Load-Carrying Capacity of Flexible Pavements 1-5~2) Detecting Seasonal Changes in Load-Carrying Capabilities of Flexible Pavements 1-6 Standard Measurements for Satellite Program Measurement Team 1-7 Development of Interim Skid-Resistance Requirements for Highway Pavement Surfaces Factors Involved in the Design of Asphalt Pavement Surfaces Materials R & D Evaluation of Studded Tires Cornell Aero Lab Translating AASHO Road Test Findings Basic Properties of Pavement Components Materials R & D 1-8 1-9 1-10 RESEARCH AGENCY CONTRACT AMOUNT OR CONTRACT COST ($) HRB 42,800* HRB 11,356* Purdue U Purdue U Northwestern U U of California Georgia Tech Duke U Purdue U Cornell Aero Lab Texas A & M Texas A & M Penn State U 1-lOA Systems Approach to Pavement Design-Implementation Phase 1-lOB Development of Pavement Structural Subsystems 1-11 Evaluation of AASHO Interim Guides for Design of Pavement Structures 1-12 Determination of Pavement Friction Coefficients Required for Driving Tasks 1-12A Wet-Weather Skidding Accident Reduction at Intersections 1-12~2) Locked-Wheel Pavement Skid Tester Correlation and Calibration Techniques 1-12~3) Requirements for Wear-Resistant and Skid-Resistant Highway Pavement Surfaces 1-13 Effects of Studded Tires on Highway Safety 1-13~2) Effects of Studded Tires on Highway Safety Non-Winter Driving Conditions 1-14 Influence of Combined Highway Grade and Horizontal Alignment on Skidding 1-15 Design of Continuously Reinforced Concrete Pavements for Highways 1-16 Evaluation of Winter-Driving Traction Aids 1-17 Guidelines for Recycling Pavement Materials 1-18 Calibration and Correlation of Response-Type Road Roughness Measuring Systems 1-19 Development of a System for Nationwide Evaluation of PCC Pavements 1-20 Influence of Asphalt Temperature Susceptibility on Pavement Construction and Performance 1-21 Repair of Joint-Related Distress in Portland Cement Concrete Pavements 1-22 Shoulder Geometries and Use Guidelines 1-23 Pavement Roughness and Rideability 1-23~2) Pavement Roughness and Rideability Field Evaluation 1-24 Revision of AASHTO Interim Guide for Design of Pavement Structures 1-25 Effects of Heavy Vehicle Characteristics on Pavement Response and Performance 1-25~1) Effects of Heavy Vehicle Characteristics on Pavement Response and Performance Phase II 1-26 Calibrated Mechanistic Structural Analysis Procedures for Pavements 1-27 Video Image Processing for Evaluating Pavement Surface Distress AREA TWO: ADMINISTRATION ECONOMICS Texas A & M Woo dward - Cl yd e Materials R & D Franklin Inst Ohio DOT Penn State U Materials R & D Calspan Corp U of Michigan U of Michigan U of Texas Penn State U Texas A&M U of Michigan U of Illinois Texas A & M U of Illinois Hugh Downs/RK&K KETRON, Inc JMJ Research McCullough/Finn TRB U of Michigan U of Illinois Criteria for Highway Benefit Analysis U of Washington Guidelines for the Determination of Community Consequences U of Washington Analysis of Motor Vehicle Accident Data as Related to Highway Classes and Design Cornell Aero Lab Elements The Value of Highway Travel Time, Comfort, Convenience, and Uniform Driving Texas A & M Speed 29,957* 45,982* 19,850* 19,800* 10,000* 19,924* 12,243* 49,011* 49,428* 61,353* 24,815* 23,255* 24,998* 99,803* 103,291* 100,000* 447,941* 63,720* 20,205* 309,244* 199,955* 319,000* 261,955* 208,898* 39,450* 69,968* 151,870* 304,400* 199,470* 250,000* 225,000* 200,000* 300,000* 100,000* 249,990* 199,983* 100,000 400,000 250,000 350,000 101,948* 48,873* 155,972* 77,100*

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STARTING COMPLETION PROJECT DATE DATE PROJECT STATUS ** (for details, see latest Summary of Progress) NO. 3/1/63 2/29/64 Completed Published as NCHRP Reports 2, 2A 1-1(1) 3/1/64 8/31/65 Contract terminated No report 1-1~2) 2/15/63 2/15/63 9/1/63 4/1/64 10/1/63 2/1/65 2/1/64 1/15/64 9/1/66 3/31/64 6/15/65 1/1/65 10/1/66 9/12/66 12/1/68 3/1/72 2/1/74 10/23/67 8/1/70 8/25/69 7/1/75 9/16/70 11/1/71 4/19/71 2/15/72 10/15/72 8/1/72 6/3/74 11/1/76 10/1/77 1/23/78 5/1/79 2/28/65 Completed Init. ph. publ. as NCHRP Rep. 7; final rep. not publ.; for avail., see project writeup in latest Sum. of Prog. 9/30/67 Completed Published as NCHRP Report 132 9/30/64 Completed Published as NCHRP Report 22 10/31/65 Completed Published as NCHRP Report 35 9/30/64 Completed Published as NCHRP Report 10 9/30/66 Completed Published as NCHRP Report 97 1/31/66 Completed Published as NCHRP Report 30 7/15/65 Completed Published as NCHRP Report 21 6/30/68 Completed Published as NCHRP Report 76 1/31/67 Completed Published as NCHRP Report 59 12/15/66 Completed Published as NCHRP Report 37 2/28/66 6/30/67 3/11/68 12/31/70 12/31/73 7/31/86 6/30/70 4/30/71 6/8/73 7/1/78 5/15/73 9/30/75 8/20/74 5/31/73 1/14/74 8/31/75 10/31/81 9/30/79 9/30/80 3/15/85 7/16/84 Completed Published as NCHRP Report 39 Completed Published as NCHRP Report 61 Completed- Report included in NCHRP Reports 139, 140 Completed Published as NCHRP Reports 139, 140 Completed Published as NCHRP Report 160 Completed Published as NCHRP Report 291 Completed Published as NCHRP Report 128 Completed- Published by AASHTO Completed Published as NCHRP Report 154 Completed Rep. not publ.; for avail., see project writeup in latest Sum. of Prog. Completed Published as NCHRP Report lS1 Completed-Rep. not publ.; for avail., see project writeup in latest Sum. of Prog. Completed Published as NCHRP Report 183 Completed Published as NCHRP Report 176 Completed Published as NCHRP Report 184 Completed Rep. not publ.; for avail., see project writeup in latest Sum. of Prog. Completed Rep. not publ.; for avail., see project writeup in latest Sum. of Prog. Completed Published as NCHRP Report 224 Completed-Published as NCHRP Report 228 Completed Published in NCHRP Report 277 Completed Published as NCHRP Reports 268 and 269 1-2 1-2 1-3~1) 1-3~2) 1-3~3) 1-4~1) 1-41A 1-4~2) 1-5 1-5~2) 1-6 1-7 1-8 1-9 1-10 1-10 1-lOA 1-lOB 1-11 1-11 1-12 1-12A 1-12~2) 1-12~3) 1-13 1-13~2) 1-14 1-15 1-16 1-17 1-18 1-19 1-20 5/15/806/28/85 Completed Published as NCHRP Report 281 1-21 9/8/814/7/83 Completed-Published as NCHRP Report 254 1-22 1/4/8211/30/84 Completed Published as NCRP Report 275 1-23 1/6/8612/31/87 Completed-Published as NCHRP Report 308 1-23(2) Conducted under Project 20-7, Task 24 1-24 6/12/8611/30/87 Report not publ., for avail., see project writeup 1-25 9/1/888/31/91 Research in progress 1-25~1) 2/6/876/30/89 30 months 11/30/67 8/31/64 8/31/66 Research in progress In developmental stage Completed Rep. not publ.; for avail., see project writeup in latest Sum. of Prog. Completed- Published as NCHRP Report 18 Completed Published as NCHRP Report 47 1-26 1-27 2-1 2-2 2-3 6/1/63 8/31/66 Completed Published as NCHRP Report 33 2-4

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10 TABLE 4 (Continued) PROJECT NO. TITLE 2-5A 2-6 2-7 2-8 2-9 2-10 2-11 2-12 3-1 3-2 3-3 3-4 3-5 3-6 3-7 3-8 3-9 3-10 3-11 3-12 3-13 3-14 3-15 3-16 - RESEARCH AGENCY AREA TWO (Continue]) Running Cost of Motor Vehicles as Affected by Highway Design and Traffic Running Cost of Motor Vehicles as Affected by Highway Design and Traffic Warranted Levels of Improvement for Local Rural Roads Road User Costs in Urban Areas Estimation and Evaluation of Diverted and Generated (Induced) Traffic Effect of Highway Landscape Development on Nearby Property Future Needs for Oversize-Overweight Permit Operation on State Highways Summary and Evaluation of Economic Consequences of Highway Improvements Highway User Economic Analysis Multilane Design Alternatives for Improving Suburban Highways Public/Private Partnerships for Financing Highway Improvements Identifying, Measuring, and Evaluating the Benefits of Safety Roadside Rest Areas Relationships Between Vehicle Configurations and Highway Design Transportation and Economic Development AREA THREE: TRAFFIC OPERATIONS AND CONTROL Development of Criteria for Evaluating Tragic Operations Surveillance Methods and Ways and Means of Communicating with Drivers Sensing and Communication Between Vehicles Means of Locating Disabled or Stopped Vehicles and Methods of Communication with a Central Location Improved Criteria for Designing and Timing Traffic Signal Systems Effect of Regulatory Devices on Intersectional Capacity and Operation Establishment of Standards for Highway Noise Levels Factors Influencing Safety at Highway-Rail Grade Crossings Catholic U Paul J. Claffey Stanford U Catholic U Northwestern U Franklin Inst Jorgensen & Assoc HRB Stanford Res Inst Midwest Res Inst Kimley-Horn & Assoc KLD Assoc TRB Cornell Aero Lab Cornell Aero Lab Ohio State U Airborne Instr Planning Research De Leuw, Cather Bolt, Beranek Voorhees & Assoc Analysis and Projection of Research on Traffic Surveillance, Communication, and Jorgensen & Assoc Control Application of Vehicle Operating Characteristics to Geometric Design and Traffic Cornell Aero Lab Operations Optimizing Street Operations Through Traffic Regulations and Control Peat, Marwick et al Development of Information Requirements and Transmission Techniques for Highway Airborne Instr Users Guidelines for Medial and Marginal Access Control of Major Roadways Optimizing Flow on Existing Street Networks Weaving Area Operations Study Freeway Lane Drops Texas A & M Edwards & Kelcey Poly Inst of NY System Dev Corp 3-17 Improving Traffic Operations and Safety at Exit Gore Areas Penn State U 3-18~1) Improved Control Logic for Use with Computer-Controlled Traffic Stanford Res Inst 3-18~2) Traffic Control in Oversaturated Street Networks 3-18~3) Cost-Effectiveness Methodology for Evaluation of Signalized Street Network Surveillance and Control Systems 3-18~4) Methodology for Performance Evaluation of Signalized Network Control Strategies 3-19 Grade Effects on Traffic Flow Stability and Capacity 3-20 Traffic Signal Warrants CONTRACT AMOUNT OR CONTRACT COST ($) 49,998* 51,265* 35,000* 30,665* 40,000* 99,376* 40,000* 149,103* 99,655* 110,000* 90,074* 9,995* 100,000 125,000 236,560 900,000 250,000 Poly Inst of NY JHK & Assoc Computran Midwest Res Inst KLD Associates 78,965* 79,913* 246,756* 163,190* 78,517* 49,474* 123,030* 48,155* 93,717* 153,175* 144,920* 69,930* 49,927* 307,486* 17,171* 74,250* 23,760* 41,520* 258,331* 198,655* 100,500* 99,821* 149,293* 990,000* 300,000* 99,789* 76,815* 79,983* 323,998* 57,662* 200,000* 123,267* 148,705* 220,443* 120,000* 81,935*

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11 STARTING COMPLETION DATE DATE PROJECT STATUS ** (for details, see latest Summary of Progress) PROJECT NO. 6/1/638/31/64 6/1/6512/31/66 7/1/6712/31/68 8/11/698/10/70 6/1/639/30/66 2/1/645/31/66 5/1/648/31/66 11/8/651/31/68 11/1/664/30/68 1/1/677/31/70 4/1/7410/31/75 10/11/765/31/77 7/18/833/31/85 1/1/863/31/88 1/13/869/30/89 3/2/876/30/90 24 months 2/15/632/29/64 7/2/642/28/66 2/15/634/30/66 2/15/6311/30/65 3/1/633/31/65 7/1/6512/15/66 3/1/6312/31/65 7/1/667/31/67 8/1/6812/31/69 4/1/638/15/66 2/1/644/30/67 10/14/681/15/70 4/1/716/30/72 9/1/7211/30/74 12/1/6312/31/64 4/1/651/6/67 10/15/661/14/68 1/1/66 9/1/66 10/1/66 4/1/68 3/29/71 9/1/67 10/1/67 10/1/69 11/1/69 5/1/72 1/1/71 7/15/71 4/15/75 9/1/71 5/1/75 7/21/77 9/1/71 9/1/72 11/1/74 3/10/67 9/30/68 12/31/67 12/1/69 12/11/72 11/30/69 1/10/70 12/31/73 4/30/71 10/31/73 11/30/72 5/15/74 6/30/77 6/30/75 4/15/77 11/20/80 8/31/74 4/15/74 12/31/76 Completed Published as NCHRP Report 13 Completed Report included in NCHRP Report 111 Completed Report included in NCHRP Report 111 Completed Report included in NCHRP Report 111 Completed Published as NCHRP Report 63 Completed Report included in NCHRP Report 111 Completed Rep. not publ.; for avail., see project writeup in latest Sum. of Prog. Completed Published as NCHRP Report 75 Completed Published as NCHRP Report 80 Completed Published as NCHRP Report 122 Completed Report not published Completed Report published by AASHTO Completed Published as NCHRP Report 282 Completed Published as NCHRP Report 307 Research in progress Research in progress In developmental stage Completed Report included in Phase II report Completed- Rep. not publ.; for avail., see project writeup in latest Sum. of Prog. Completed Published as NCHRP Reports 9, 28, 29 Completed Published as NCHRP Report 51 Completed Published as NCHRP Report 6 Completed Published as NCHRP Report 40 Completed Published as NCHRP Reports 3, 32 Completed- Published as NCHRP Report 73 Completed Published as NCHRP Report 124 Completed Published as NCHRP Reports 11, 41 Completed Published as NCHRP Report 78 Completed Published as NCHRP Report 117 Completed Published as NCHRP Report 144 Completed Published as NCHRP Reports 173, 174 Completed Report Included in NCHRP Report 50 Completed Total project published as NCHRP Report 50 Completed Published as NCHRP Report 84 Completed Published as NCHRP Report 68 Completed- Published as NCHRP Report 110 Completed Report included in NCHRP Report 123 Completed Report included in NCHRP Report 123 Completed Rep. not publ.; for avail., see project writeup in latest Sum. of Prog. Completed Published as NCHRP Report 93 Completed- Published as NCHRP Report 113 Completed Published as NCHRP Report 159 Completed Rep. not publ.; for avail., see project writeup in latest Sum. of Prog. Completed Published as NCHRP Report 175 Completed Published as NCHRP Report 145 Completed Report included in Phase II report Completed Rep. not publ.; for avail., see project writeup in latest Sum. of Prog. Completed- Published as NCHRP Report 194 Completed-Rep. not publ.; for avail., see project writeup in latest Sum. of Prog. Completed Rep. not publ.; for avail., see project writeup in latest Sum. of Prog. Completed Published as NCHRP Report 185 Completed Report included in Phase II report Completed Rep. not publ.; for avail., see project writeup in latest Sum. of Prog. 2-5 2-5 2-5A 2-5A 2-6 2-7 2-8 2-9 2-10 2-11 2-12 2-12 2-13 2-14 2-15 2-16 2-17 3-1 3-1 3-2 3-3 3-4 3-4 3-5 3-5 3-5 3-6 3-7 3-7 3-7 3-7 3-8 3-8 3-9 3-10 3-11 3-12 3-12 3-12 3-13 3-14 3-15 3-16 3-16 3-17 3-18~1) 3-18~1) 3-18~2) 3-18~3) 3-18~4) 3-19 3-20 3-20

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44 TABLE 6 (Continued REPORT NO. TITLE, PROJECT, PAGES, PRICE havior Phase I Summary Report (Proj. 20-4), 71 p., $3.20 · 50 Factors Influencing Safety at Highway-Rail Grade Crossings (Proj. 3-8), 113 p., $5.20 · 51 Sensing and Communication Between Vehicles (Proj. 3 3), 105p., $5.00 Measurement of Pavement Thickness by Rapid and Nondestructive Methods (Proj. 10-6), 82 p., $3.80 Multiple Use of Lands Within Highway Rights-of-Way (Proj. 7-6), 68 p., $3.20 · 54 Location, Selection, and Maintenance of Highway Guardrails and Median Barriers (Proj. 15- 1 (2)), 63 p., $2.60 · 55 Research Needs in Highway Transportation (Proj. 20-2), 66 p., $2.80 · 56 Scenic Easements Legal, Administrative, and Val- uation Problems and Procedures (Proj. 11-3), 174 p., $6.40 · 57 Factors Influencing Modal Trip Assignment (Proj. 8-2), 78p., $3.20 · 58 Comparative Analysis of Traffic Assignment Tech- niques with Actual Highway Use (Proj. 7-5), 85 p., $3.60 · 59 Standard Measurements for Satellite Road Test Pro- gram (Proj. 1-6), 78 p., $3.20 · 60 Erects of Illumination on Operating Characteristics of Freeways (Proj. 5-2), 148 p., $6.00 · 61 Evaluation of Studded Tire Performance Data and Pavement Wear Measurement (Proj. 1-9), 66p., $3.00 · 62 Urban Travel Patterns for Hospitals, Universities, Of- fice Buildings and Capitols (Proj. 7-1), 144 p., $5.60 · 63 Economics of Design Standards for Low-Volume Rural Roads (Proj. 2-6), 93 p., $4.00 · 64 Motorists' Needs and Services on Interstate Highways (Proj. 7-7), 88 p., $3.60 65 One-Cycle Slow-Freeze Test for Evaluating Aggregate Performance in Frozen Concrete (Proj. 4-361~), 21 p., $1.40 66 Identification of Frost-Susceptible Particles in Concrete Aggregates (Proj. 4-3~2~), 62 p., $2.80 · 67 Relation of Asphalt Rheological Properties to Pave- ment Durability (Proj. 9-1), 45 p., $2.20 · 68 Application of Vehicle Operating Characteristics to Geometric Design and Traffic Operations (Proj. 3- 10), 38 p., $2.00 · 69 Evaluation of Construction Control Procedures Ag- gregate Gradation Variations and Effects (Proj. 10- 2A), 58p., $2.80 · 70 Social and Economic Factors Affecting Intercity Travel (Proj. 8-1), 68 p., $3.00 · 71 Analytical Study of Weighing Methods for Highway Vehicles in Motion (Proj. 7-3), 63 p., $2.80 72 Theory and Practice in Inverse Condemnation for Five Representative States (Proj. 11-2), 44p., $2.20 · 73 Improved Criteria for Traffic Signal Systems on Urban Arterials (Proj. 3-5), 55 p., $2.80 74 Protective Coatings for Highway Structural Steel (Proj. 4-6), 64 p., $2.80 · 74A Protective Coatings for Highway Structural Steel Literature Survey (Proj. 4-6), 275 p., $8.00 NO. TITLE, PROJECT, PAGES, PRICE · 74B - ~ · 77 · 78 · 81 · 82 · 83 · 84 · 86 87 Protective Coatings for Highway Structural Steel Current Highway Practices (Proj. 4-6), 102 p., $4.00 · 75 Effect of Highway Landscape Development on Nearby Property (Proj. 2-9), 82 p., $3.60 · 76 Detecting Seasonal Changes in Load-Carrying Capa bilities of Flexible Pavements (Proj. 1-5~2), 37 p., $2.00 Development of Design Criteria for Safer Luminaire Supports (Proj. 15-6), 82 p., $3.80 Highway Noise Measurement, Simulation, and Mixed Reactions (Prof. 3-7), 78 p., $3.20 79 Development.of Improved Methods for Reduction of Traffic Accidents (Proj. 17- 1), 163 p., $6.40 · 80 Oversize-Overweight Permit Operation on State High ways (Proj. 2-10), 120p., $5.20 Moving Behavior and Residential Choice A National Survey (Proj. 8-6), 129 p., $5.60 National Survey of Transportation Attitudes and Be havior Phase II Analysis Report (Proj. 20-4), 89 p., $4.00 Distribution of Wheel Loads on Highway Bridges (Proj. 12-2), 56 p., $2.80 Analysis and Projection of Research on Traffic Sur veillance, Communication, and Control (Proj. 3-9), 48 p., $2.40 · 85 Development of Formed-in-Place Wet Reflective Markers (Proj. 5-5), 28 p., $1.80 Tentative Service Requirements for Bridge Rail Sys tems (Proj. 12-8), 62 p., $3.20 Rules of Discovery and Disclosure in Highway Con demnation Proceedings (Proj. 11-1~5)), 28 p., $2.00 88 Recognition of Benefits to Remainder Property in Highway Valuation Cases (Proj. 11-1~2)), 24p., $2.00 · 89 Factors, Trends, and Guidelines Related to Trip Length (Proj. 7-4), 59 p., $3.20 90 Protection of Steel in Prestressed Concrete Bridges (Proj. 12-5), 86 p., $4.00 91 Effects of Deicing Salts on Water Quality and Biota- Literature Review and Recommended Research (Proj. 16-1), 70 p., $3.20 92 Valuation and Condemnation of Special Purpose Prop erties (Proj. 11-1~6)), 47p., $2.60 · 93 Guidelines for Medial and Marginal Access Control on Major Roadways (Proj. 3-13), 147 p., $6.20 · 94 Valuation and Condemnation Problems Involving Trade Fixtures(Proj. 11-1~9)), 22p., $1.80 · 95 Highway Fog (Proj. 5-6), 48 p., $2.40 · 96 Strategies for the Evaluation of Alternative Transpor tation Plans (Proj. 8-4), 111 p., $5.40 97 Analysis of Structural Behavior of AASHO Road Test Rigid Pavements (Proj. 1-4~1)A), 35 p., $2.60 · 98 Tests for Evaluating Degradation of Base Course Aggregates (Proj. 4-2), 98 p., $5.00 · 99 Visual Requirements in Night Driving (Proj. 5-3), 38 p., $2.60 · 100 Research Needs Relating to Performance of Aggregates in Highway Construction (Proj. 4-8), 68 p., $3.40 · 101 Effect of Stress on Freeze-Thaw Durability of Concrete Bridge Decks (Proj. 6-9), 70 p., $3.60

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45 TABLE 6 (Continued REPORT NO. TITLE, PROJECT, PAGES, PRICE NO. - 102 Effect of Weldments on the Fatigue Strength of Steel Beams (Proj. 12-7), 114p., $5.40 · 103 Rapid Test Methods for Field Control of Highway Construction (Proj. 10-4), 89 p., $5.00 104 Rules of Compensability and Valuation Evidence for Highway Land Acquisition (Proj. 11-1), 77 p., $4.40 · 105 Dynamic Pavement Loads of Heavy Highway Vehicles (Proj. 15-5), 94p., $5.00 · 106 Revibration of Retarded Concrete for Continuous Bridge Decks (Proj. 18- 1), 67 p., $3.40 107 New Approaches to Compensation for Residential Takings(Proj. 11-1~10~), 27p., $2.40 · 108 Tentative Design Procedure for Riprap-Lined Chan- nels (Proj. 15-2), 75 p., $4.00 · 109 Elastomeric Bearing Research (Proj. 12-9), 53 p., $3.00 · 110 Optimizing Street Operations Through Traffic Regu- lations and Control (Proj. 3-11), 100 p., $4.40 · 111 Running Costs of Motor Vehicles as Affected by Road Design and Traffic (Proj. 2-5A and 2-7), 97 p., $5.20 · 112 Junkyard Valuation Salvage Industry Appraisal Principles Applicable to Highway Beautification (Proj. 11-3~2~), 41 p., $2.60 113 Optimizing Flow on Existing Street Networks (Proj. 3-14), 414 p., $15.60 · 114 Effects of Proposed Highway Improvements on Prop- erty Values (Proj. 11-1~1~), 42 p., $2.60 · 115 Guardrail Performance and Design (Proj. 15-1~2~), 70 p., $3.60 · 116 Structural Analysis and Design of Pipe Culverts (Proj. 15-3), 155 p., $6.40 117 Highway Noise A Design Guide for Highway En- gineers (Proj. 3-7), 79 p., $4.60 · 118 Location, Selection, and Maintenance of Highway Traffic Barriers (Proj. 15-1~2~), 96 p., $5.20 · 119 Control of Highway Advertising Signs Some Legal Problems (Proj. 11-3~1~), 72 p., $3.60 · 120 Data Requirements for Metropolitan Transportation Planning (Proj. 8-7), 90p., $4.80 · 121 Protection of Highway Utility (Pro;. 8-5), $5.60 · 122 Summary and Evaluation of Economic Consequences of Highway Improvements (Proj. 2-11), 324 p., $13.60 123 Development of Information Requirements and Trans- mission Techniques for Highway Users (Proj. 3-12), 239 p., $9.60 124 Improved Criteria for Traffic Signal Systems in Urban Networks (Proj. 3-5), 86 p., $4.80 125 Optimization of Density and Moisture Content Mea- surements by Nuclear Methods (Proj. 10-5A), 86 p., $4.40 · 126 Divergencies in Right-of-Way Valuation (Pro;. 11-4), 57 p., $3.00 127 Snow Removal and Ice Control Techniques at Inter- changes (Proj. 6-10), 90 p., $5.20 · 128 Evaluation of AASHO Interim Guides for Design of Pavement Structures (Proj. 1-11), 111 p., $5.60 · 129 Guardrail Crash Test Evaluation- New Concepts and End Designs (Proj. 15-1~2~), 89 p., $4.80 115 p., TITLE, PROJECT, PAGES, PRICE 130 Roadway Delineation Systems (Pro;. 5-7), 349 p., $14.00 131 Performance Budgeting System for Highway Mainte nance Management (Proj. 19-2~4~), 213 p., $8.40 132 Relationships Between Physiographic Units and High way Design Factors (Proj. 1-3~1~), 161 p., $7.20 · 133 Procedures for Estimating Highway User Costs, Air Pollution, and Noise Effects (Proj. 7-8), 127 p., $5.60 · 134 Damages Due to Drainage, Runoff, Blasting, and Slides (Proj. 11-1~8~), 24 p., $2.80 135 Promising Replacements for Conventional Aggregates for Highway Use (Proj. 4-10), 53 p., $3.60 · 136 Estimating Peak Runoff Rates from Ungaged Small Rural Watersheds (Proj. 15-4), 85 p., $4.60 · 137 Roadside Development Evaluation of Research (Proj. 16-2), 78 p., $4.20 · 138 Instrumentation for Measurement of Moisure Lit erature Review and Recommended Research (Proj. 21-1), 60 p., $4.00 139 Flexible Pavement Design and Management Systems Formulation (Proj. 1-10), 64p., $4.40 140 Flexible Pavement Design and Management Mate rialsCharacterization(Proj. 1-10), 118p., $5.60 · 141 Changes in Legal Vehicle Weights and Dimensions Some Economic Effects on Highways (Proj. 19-3), 184 p., $8.40 Valuation of Air Space (Proj. 11-5), 48 p., $4.00 Bus Use of Highways State of the Art (Proj. 8 10), 406p., $16.00 Highway Noise A Field Evaluation of Traffic Noise Reduction Measures (Proj. 3-7), 80 p., $4.40 Improving Traffic Operations and Safety at Exit Gore Areas (Proj. 3-17), 120 p., $6.00 Alternative Multimodal Passenger Transportation Sys tems Comparative Economic Analysis (Proj. 8-9), 68 p., $4.00 147 Fatigue Strength of Steel Beams with Welded Sti~eners and Attachments (Proj. 12-7), 85 p., $4.80 148 Roadside Safety Improvement Programs on Free ways A Cost-Effectiveness Priority Approach (Proj. 20-7), 64 p., $4.00 Bridge Rail Design Factors, Trends, and Guidelines (Proj. 12-8), 49 p., $4.00 Effect of Curb Geometry and Location on Vehicle Be havior (Proj. 20-7), 88 p., $4.80 Locked-Wheel Pavement Skid Tester Correlation and Calibration Techniques (Proj. 1-12~2~), 100 p., $6.00 Warrants for Highway Lighting (Proj. 5-8), 117 p., $6.40 Recommended Procedures for Vehicle Crash Testing of Highway Appurtenances (Proj. 22-2), 19 p., $3.20 Determining Pavement Skid Resistance Requirements at Intersections and Braking Sites (Proj. 1-12), 64 p., $4.40 155 Bus Use of Highways Planning and Design Guide lines (Proj. 8-10), 161 p., $7.60 Transportation Decision-Making A Guide to Social and Environmental Considerations (Proj. 8-8~3~), 135 p., $7.20 14n · 142 143 · 144 45 46 149 · 150 51 52 53 54 56

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46 TABLE 6 (Continued) REPORT NO. TITLE, PROJECT, PAGES, PRICE 157 Crash Cushions of Waste Materials (Proj. 20-7), 73 p., $4.80 158 Selection of Safe Roadside Cross Sections (Proj. 20 7), 57 p., $4.40 159 Weaving Areas Design and Analysis (Proj. 3- 15), 119 p., $6.40 160 Flexible Pavement Design and Management Systems Approach Implementation (Proj. 1-lOA), 53 p., $4.00 161 Techniques for Reducing Roadway Occupancy During Routine Maintenance Activities (Proj. 14-2), 55 p., $4.40 162 Methods for Evaluating Highway Safety Improvements (Proj. 17-2A), 150p., $7.40 163 Design of Bent Caps for Concrete Box-Girder Bridges (Proj. 12-10), 124p., $6.80 164 Fatigue Strength of High-Yield Reinforcing Bars (Proj. 4-7), 90 p., $5.60 165 Waterproof Membranes for Protection of Concrete Bridge Decks-Laboratory Phase (Proj. 12-11), 70 p., $4.80 166 Waste Materials as Potential Replacements for High way Aggregates (Proj. 4-1 OA), 94 p., $5.60 167 Transportation Planning for Small Urban Areas (Proj. 8-7A), 71 p., $4.80 168 Rapid Measurement of Concrete Pavement Thickness and Reinforcement Location Field Evaluation of Nondestructive Systems (Proj. 10-8), 63 p., $4.80 169 Peak-Period Traffic Congestion Options for Current Programs (Proj. 7-10), 65 p., $4.80 170 Effects of Deicing Salts on Plant Biota and Soils Experimental Phase (Proj. 16-1~. 88 p., $5.60 171 Highway Fog Visibility Measures and Guidance Sys tems (Proj. 5-6A), 40 p., $4.00 172 Density Standards for Field Compaction of Granular Bases and Subbases (Proj. 4-8~2)), 73 p., $4.80 173 Highway Noise Generation and Control (Proj. 3-7), 174p., $8.00 174 Highway Noise A Design Guide for Prediction and Control (Proj. 3-7), 193 p., $9.60 175 Freeway Lane Drops (Proj. 3- 16), 72 p., $4.80 176 Studded Tires and Highway Safety Feasibility of De termining Indirect Effects (Proj. 1-13~2~), 42 p., $4.00 177 Freight Data Requirements for Statewide Transpor tation Systems Planning Research Report (Proj.8-17), 196 p., $8.80 178 Freight Data Requirements for Statewide Transpor tation Systems Planning User's Manual (Proj. 8-17), 155 p., $7.40 179 Evaluating Options in Statewide Transportation Plan ning/Programming-Issues, Techniques, and Their Relationships (Proj. 8-18), 91 p., $5.60 180 Cathodic Protection for Reinforced Concrete Bridge Decks Laboratory Phase (Proj. 12-13), 135 p., $7.00 181 Subcritical Crack Growth and Fracture of Bridge Steels (Proj. 12-14), 82p., $5.60 182 Economic Evaluation of Ice and Frost on Bridge Decks (Proj.6-11), 73p., $4.80 183 Studded Tires and Highway Safety An Accident Analysis (Proj. 1-13), 70p., $4.80 184 Influence of Combined Highway Grade and Horizontal NO. TITLE, PROJECT, PAGES, PRICE Alignment on Skidding (Proj. 1-14), 33 p., $3.20 185 Grade Effects on Traffic Flow Stability and Capacity (Proj.3-19), 110p., $6.40 186 Travel Estimation Procedures for Quick Response to Urban Policy Issues (Proj. 8-12A), 70 p., $5.60 187 Quick-Response Urban Travel Estimation Techniques and Transferable Parameters User's Guide (Proj. 8 12A), 229 p., $10.20 188 Fatigue of Welded Steel Bridge Members Under Var iable-Amplitude Loadings (Proj. 12-12), 113 p., $6.40 · 189 Quantifying the Benefits of Separating Pedestrians and Vehicles (Proj. 20-10), 127 p., $7.00 · 190 Use of Polymers in Highway Concrete (Proj. 18-2), 77 p., $5.60 191 E~ect of Air Pollution Regulations on Highway Con struction and Maintenance (Proj. 20-12), 81 p., $7.00 · 192 Predicting Moisture-Induced Damage to Asphaltic Concrete (Proj. 4-8~3)), 46p., $5.20 193 Beneficial Effects Associated with Freeway Construc tion-Environmental, Social, and Economic (Proj. 20 13), 110 p., $7.80 194 Tra~c Control in Oversaturated Street Networks (Proj. 3-18~2)), 152 p., $9.60 195 Minimizing Premature Cracking in Asphaltic Concrete Pavement (Proj. 9-4), 51 p., $6.00 196 Reconditioning Heavy-Duty Freeways in Urban Areas (Proj. 14-4), 60p., $6.40 197 Cost and Safety E~ectiveness of Highway Design Ele ments (Proj. 3-25), 237 p., $10.60 198 State Laws and Regulations on Truck Size and Weight (Proj. 20-16), 117p., $7.20 199 Evaluating Options in Statewide Transportation Plan ning/Programming Techniques and Applications (Proj. 8-18), 190 p., $9.00 200 Monitoring Carbon Monoxide Concentrations in Ur ban Area (Proj. 20-14), 41 p., $5.20 201 Acceptance Criteria for Electroslag Weldments in Bridges (Proj. 10-10), 44 p., $5.20 202 Improved Pavement-Shoulder Joint Design (Proj. 14-3), 103 p., $7.20 203 Safety at Narrow Bridge Sites (Proj. 20-7, Task 7), 63 p., $6.00 204 Bridge Deck Joint-Sealing Systems-Evaluation and Performance Specification (Proj. 10-11), '46 p., $5.60 205 Implementing Packages of Congestion-Reducing Tech niques Strategies for Dealing with Institutional Prob lems of Cooperative Programs (Proj. 7-10~2)), 128 p., $7.60 206 Detection and Repair of Fatigue Damage in Welded Highway Bridges (Proj. 12-15 & 12-15~2~), 85 p., $6.80 207 Upgrading of Low-Quality Aggregates for PCC and Bituminous Pavements (Proj. 4-12), 91 p., $7.20 208 Market Opportunity Analysis for Short-Range Public Transportation Planning Procedures for Evaluating Alternative Service Concepts (Proj. 8-16), 80 p., $6.80 209 Market Opportunity Analysis for Short-Range Public Transportation Planning Transportation Services for

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47 TABLE 6 (Continue]) REPORT NO. TITLE, PROJECT, PAGES, PRICE the Transportation Disadvantaged (Proj. 8-16), 232 52 p., $6.00 210 Market Opportunity Analysis for Short-Range Public Transportation Planning Economic, Energy, and En vironmental Impacts (Proj. 8-16), 45 p., $6.00 211 Market Opportunity Analysis for Short-Range Public Transportation Planning-Goals and Policy Devel opment, Institutional Constraints, and Alternative Or ganizational Arrangements (Proj. 8-16), 161 p., $9.20 212 Market Opportunity Analysis for Short-Range Public Transportation Planning-Method and Demonstra tion (Proj. 8-16), 132p., $10.00 Freeway Traffic Management (Proj. 20-3D), 68 p., $4.00 213 Bayesian Methodology for Verifying Recommenda tions to Minimize Asphalt Pavement Distress (Proj. 9 4A), 52p., $6.00 214 Design and Traffic Control Guidelines for Low-Volume Rural Roads (Proj. 20-7, Task 13), 41 p., $5.60 215 Pavement Management System Development (Proj. 20 7, Task 15), 32p., $5.20 216 The No-Action Alternative- Research Report (Proj. 8-11), 72 p., $6.80 217 The No-Action Alternative Impact Assessment Guidelines (Proj. 8-11), 174 p., $9.60 218A Ecological Effects of Highway Fills on Wetlands" Research Report (Proj. 20- 15), 34 p., $5.20 218B Ecological Effects of Highway Fills on Wetlands User's Manual (Proj. 20-15), 99 p., $7.20 219 Application of Traffic Conflict Analyses at Intersec- tions (Proj. 17-3), 109 p., $7.60 220 Erosion Control During Highway Construction Re- search Report (Proj. 16-3), 30p., $5.60 221 Erosion Control During Highway Construction Manual on Principles and Practices (Proj. 16-3), 108 p., $14.40 222 Bridges on Secondary Highways and Local Roads Rehabilitation and Replacement (Proj. 12-20), 132 p., $9.20 223 Maintenance Levels-of-Service Guidelines (Proj. 14-5), 118p., $8.80 224 Guidelines for Recycling Pavement Materials (Proj. 1-17), 137 p., $9.20 225 Plastic Pipe for Subsurface Drainage of Transportation Facilities (Proj. 4-11), 153 p., $9.60 226 Damage Evaluation and Repair Methods for Pre- stressed Concrete Bridge Members (Proj. 12-21), 66 p., $7.20 227 Fatigue Behavior of Full-Scale Welded Bridge Attach- ments (Proj. 12-15~3~), 47 p., $6.40 228 Calibration of Response-Type Road Roughness Mea- suring Systems (Proj. 1- 18), 81 p., $7.60 229 Methods for Analyzing Fuel Supply Limitation on Pas- senger Travel (Proj. 8-23), 132 p., $9.20 230 Recommended Procedures for the Safety Performance Evaluation of Highway Appurtenances (Proj. 22- 2~4~), 42 p., $6.00 231 State Transportation Finance Within the Context of Energy Constraints (Proj. 8-22), 86 p., $7.60 * Special publication. 236 238 239 240 244 245 246 247 250 252 256 NO. TITLE, PROJECT, PAGES, PRICE Guidelines for Selection of Ramp Control Systems (Proj. 3-22A), 108 p., $8.40 233 Selecting Traffic Signal Control at Individual Intersec- tions (Proj. 3-27), 133 p., $9.20 234 Galvanic Cathodic Protection for Reinforced Concrete Bridge Decks Field Evaluation (Proj. 12-13A), 64 p., $6.80 235 Effectiveness of Changeable Message Displays in Ad- vance of High-Speed Freeway Lane Closures (Proj. 3- 21~2)), 49 p., $7.00 Evaluation of Traffic Controls for Highway Work Zones (Proj. 17-4, 17-4~2)), 189 p., $ 12.00 237 Locating Voids Beneath Pavement Using Pulsed Elec- tromagnetic Wave Techniques (Proj. 10-14), 40 p., $6.80 Estimating Exceedances and Design Values from Data Collected by Urban Ozone Monitoring Networks (Proj. 20-14A), 121 p., $9.60 Multiple-Service-Level Highway Bridge Railing Selec- tion Procedures (Proj. 22-2~3)), 161 p., $10.40 A Manual to Determine Benefits of Separating Pedes- trians and Vehicles (Proj. 20-10~2~), 56 p., $7.20 241 Guidelines for Using Vanpools and Carpools as a TSM Technique (Proj. 8-21), 154 p., $ 10.40 242 Ultrasonic Measurement of Weld Flaw Size (Proj. 10- 13), 76 p., $8.00 243 Rehabilitation and Replacement of Bridges on Sec- ondary Highways and Local Roads (Proj. 12- 20), 46 p., $6.80 Concrete Sealers for Protection of Bridge Structures (Proj. 12-19A), 138p., $10.00 Methodology for Evaluating Highway Air Pollution Dispersion Models (Proj. 20-18), 85 p., $8.40 Predicting Moisture-Induced Damage to Asphaltic Concrete Field Evaluation (Proj. 4-8~3)) 50 p., $7.20 Effectiveness of Clear Recovery Zones (Proj. 17-5) 68 p., $7.20 248 Elastomeric Bearings Design, Construction, and Ma- terials (Proj. 10-20), 82 p., $8.40 249 Peak-Hour Traffic Signal Warrant (Proj. 3-20A), 71p., $7.60 New Approaches to Understanding Travel Behavior (Proj. 8- 14A), 142 p., $ 10.00 251 Assessment of Deficiencies and Preservation of Bridge Substructures Below the Waterline (Proj. 10-16), 80 p., $8.40 Adding Dust Collector Fines to Asphalt Paving Mix- tures (Proj. 10-19), 90 p., $8.40 253 Application of Disaggregate Travel Demand Models (Proj. 8-13~2)), 207 p., $12.40 254 Shoulder Geometrics and Use Guidelines (Proj. 1- 22), 71p., $7.60 255 Highway Traffic Data for Urbanized Area Project Planning and Design (Proj. 8-26), 191 p., $11.60 Partial Lighting of Interchanges (Proj. 5-9), 81p., $8.40 257 Long-Term Rehabilitation of Salt-Contaminated Bridge Decks (Proj. 18-2~3)), 32p., $6.40 258 Control of Air Content in Concrete (Proj. 10-18), 84p., $8.40

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48 TABLE 6 (Continued) - REPORT NO. TITLE, PROJECT, PAGES, PRICE 259 Design of Emulsified Asphalt Paving Mixtures (Proj. 9-5), 97 p., $8.80 260 Application of Statewide Freight Demand Forecasting Techniques (Proj. 20-17A), 210 p., $12.80 261 Cost-Effectiveness of Transportation Services for Handicapped Persons Research Report (Proj. 8-27), 130 p., $9.60 262 Planning Transportation Services for Handicapped Persons User's Guide (Proj. 8-27), 74p., $8.00 263 Simplified Procedures for Evaluating Low-Cost TSM Projects User's Manual (Proj. 7-11), 209 p., $12.80 264 Guidelines for the Management of Highway Runoff on Wetlands (Proj. 25-1), 166 p., $10.80 265 Removal of Lead-Based Bridge Paints (Proj. 10-23), 72 p., $8.00 266 Forecasting Inputs to Transportation Planning (Proj. 8-24), 117p., $9.60 267 Steel Bridge Members Under Variable Amplitude Long Life Fatigue Loading (Proj. 12-15~4~), 26 p., $6.40 268 Influence of Asphalt Temperature Susceptibility on Pavement Construction and Performance (Proj. 1-20), 62 p., $7.60 269 Paving with Asphalt Cements Produced in the 1980's (Proj. 1-20), 28 p., $6.40 270 Parameters Affecting Stopping Sight Distance (Proj. 15-8), 169 p., $11.20 271 Guidelines for Evaluation and Repair of Damaged Steel Bridge Members (Proj. 12-17A), 64 p., $7.60 272 Performance of Weathering Steel in Bridges (Proj. 10-22), 164 p., $12.00 273 Manual for the Selection of Optimal Maintenance Lev els of Service (Proj. 14-5~2~), 81 p., $9.20 274 Use of Antistripping Additives in Asphaltic Concrete Mixtures Laboratory Phase (Proj. 10-17), 50 p., $7.60 275 Pavement Roughness and Rideability (Proj. 1 23), 69 p., $8.80 276 Thermal Effects in Concrete Bridge Superstructures (Proj. 12-22), 99 p., $9.60 277 Portland Cement Concrete Pavement Evaluation Sys tem (COPES) (Proj. 1-19), 175 p., $12.80 278 Cathodic Protection of Concrete Bridge Substructures (Proj. 12-19B), 60p., $8.40 279 Intersection Channelization Design Guide (Proj. 3 30), 153 p., $25.00 280 Guidelines for Evaluation and Repair of Damaged Pre stressed Concrete Bridge Members (Proj. 12 21), 84 p., $9.20 281 Joint Repair Methods for Portland Cement Concrete Pavements Design and Construction Guidelines (Proj. 1-21), 83p., $9.20 282 Multilane Design Alternatives for Improving Suburban Highways (Proj. 2-13), 71 p., $8.50 283 Training Aid for Applying NCHRP Report 263- Sim plified Procedures for Evaluating Low-Cost TSM Proj ects (Proj. 7-l lA), 34 p., $7.20 284 Evaluation of Procedures Used to Measure Cement 311 and Water Content in Fresh Concrete (Proj. 10-25), 76 p., $9.20 285 Evaluating Alternative Maintenance Strategies (Proj. 312 14-6), 86 p., $10.40 298 NO. TITLE, PROJECT, PAGES, PRICE 286 Evaluation of Fatigue Tests and Design Criteria on Welded Details (Proj. 12-15~5~), 66 p., $8.40 287 Load Distribution and Connection Design for Precast Stemmed Multibeam Bridge Superstructures (Proj. 12-24), 137 p., $11.80 288 Evaluating Grade-Separated Rail-Highway Crossing Alternatives (Proj. 3-31), 87 p., $10.80 289 Performance of Longitudinal Traffic Barriers (Proj. 22 4), 169 p., $13.20 290 Reinforcement of Earth Slopes and Embankments (Proj. 24-2), 323 p., $40.00 291 Development of Pavement Structural Subsystems (Proj. 1 10B), 59 p., $8.80 292 Strength Evaluation of Existing Reinforced Concrete Bridges (Proj. 10-15), 133 p., $14.00 293 Methods of Strengthening Existing Highway Bridges (Proj. 12-28~4~), 114 p., $ 12.00 294A Planning and Implementing Pedestrian Facilities in Suburban and Developing Rural Areas Research Re port (Proj. 20- 19), 92 p., $ 10.40 294B Planning and Implementing Pedestrian Facilities in Suburban and Developing Rural Areas State-of-the Art Report (Proj. 20-19), 165 p., $12.40 295 Automated Field Survey Data Collection System (Proj. 20-21), 107 p., $13.20 296 Durability of In-Place Concrete Containing High Range Water-Reducing Admixtures (Proj. 10 32), 63 p., $10.40 297 Evaluation of Bridge Deck Protective Strategies (Proj. 12-32), 80 p., $12.00 Performance of Elastomeric Bearings (Proj. 10 20), 100 p., $12.00 299 Fatigue Evaluation Procedures for Steel Bridges (Proj. 12-28~3~), 94 p., $11.20 300 Bridge Management Systems (Proj. 12-28~2~), 74 p., $10.40 Load Capacity Evaluation of Existing Bridges (Proj. 12-28~1~), 104 p., $11.60 Fatigue and Fracture Evaluation for Rating Riveted Bridges (Proj. 12-25), 86 p., $11.20 Feasibility of a National Heavy Vehicle Monitoring System (Proj. 3-34), (In preparation) Determining Deteriorated Areas in Portland Cement Concrete Pavements Using Radar and Video Imaging (Proj. 10-28), 107 p., $14.00 305 Environmental Monitoring and Evaluation of Calcium Magnesium Acetate (CMA) (Proj. 4-17), 160 p., $13.60 Correlation of Bridge Load Capacity Estimates with Test Data (Proj. 12-28~8~), 75 p., $11.20 307 Public and Private Partnerships for Financing High way Improvements (Proj. 2-14), 83 p., $11.20 Pavement Roughness and Rideability Field Evalua tion (Proj. 1-23~2~), 48 p., $9.00 Protection of Pipelines Through Highway Roadbeds (Proj. 15-9), 21 p., $8.00 Dealing with Hazardous Waste Sites A Compendium for Highway Agencies (Proj. 20-22), 107 p., $12.00 Design of Simple Span Precast Prestressed Bridge Gir ders Made Continuous (Proj. 12-29), (In prepara tion) Condition Surveys of Concrete Bridge Components User's Manual (Proj. 12-28~5~), 84 p., $11.00 301 302 303 304 306 308 309 310

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49 TABLE 6 (Continue]) · %. SYNTHESIS OF HIGHWAY PRACTICE NO. TITLE, PAGES, PRICE 1 Traffic Control for Freeway Maintenance (Proj. 20-5, Topic 1), 47 p., $2.20 · 2 Bridge Approach Design and Construction Practices (Proj. 20-5, Topic 2), 30 p., $2.00 Traffic-Safe and Hydraulically Efficient Drainage Prac tice (Proj. 20-5, Topic 4), 38 p., $2.20 Concrete Bridge Deck Durability (Proj. 20-5, Topic 3), 28 p., $2.20 Scour at Bridge Waterways (Proj. 20-5, Topic 5), 37 p., $2.40 Principles of Project Scheduling and Monitoring (Proj. 20-5, Topic 6), 43 p., $2.40 7 Motorist Aid Systems (Proj. 20-5, Topic 3-01), 28 p., $2.40 8 Construction of Embankments (Proj. 20-5, Topic 9), 38 p., $2.40 · 9 Pavement Rehabilitation Materials and Techniques (Proj. 20-5, Topic 8), 41 p., $2.80 10 Recruiting, Training, and Retaining Maintenance and Equipment Personnel (Proj. 20-5, Topic 10), 35 p., $280 11 Development of Management Capability (Proj. 20-5, Topic 12), 50p., $3.20 12 Telecommunications Systems for Highway Adminis tration and Operations (Proj. 20-5, Topic 3-03), 29 p., $2.80 13 Radio Spectrum Frequency Management (Proj. 20-5, Topic 3-03), 32 p., $2.80 14 Skid Resistance (Proj. 20-5, Topic 7), 66 p., $4.00 · 15 Statewide Transportation Planning Needs and Re- quirements (Proj. 20-5, Topic 3-02), 41 p., $3.60 16 Continuously Reinforced Concrete Pavement (Proj. 20-5, Topic 3-08), 23 p., $2.80 17 Pavement Traffic Marking Materials and Application Affecting Serviceability (Proj. 20-5, Topic 3-05), 44 p. $3.60 18 Erosion Control on Highway Construction (Proj. 20- 5, Topic 4-01), 52 p., $4.00 19 Design, Construction, and Maintenance of PCC Pave- ment Joints (Proj. 20-5, Topic 3-04), 40 p., $3.60 20 Rest Areas (Proj. 20-5, Topic 4-04), $3.60 21 Highway Location Reference Methods (Proj. 20-5, Topic 4-06), 30 p., $3.20 · 22 Maintenance Management of Traffic Signal Equipment and Systems (Proj. 20-5, Topic 4-03), 41 p., $4.00 23 Getting Research Findings into Practice (Proj. 20-5, Topic 11), 24p., $3.20 24 Minimizing I:)eicing Chemical Use (Proj. 20-5, Topic 4-02), 58 p., $4.00 25 Reconditioning High-Volume Freeways in Urban Areas (Proj. 20-5, Topic 5-01), 56 p., $4.00 26 Roadway Design in Seasonal Frost Areas (Proj. 20-5, Topic 3-07), 104 p., $6.00 · 27 PCC Pavements for Low-Volume Roads and City Streets (Proj. 20-5, Topic 5-06), 31 p., $3.60 28 Partial-Lane Pavement Widening (Proj. 20-5, Topic 5-05), 30 p., $3.20 NO. TITLE, PAGES, PRICE 38p., 47 29 Treatment of Soft Foundations for Highway Embank ments (Proj. 20-5, Topic 4-09), 25 p., $3.20 30 Bituminous Emulsions for Highway Pavements (Proj. 20-5, Topic 6- 10), 76 p., $4.80 31 Highway Tunnel Operations (Proj. 20-5, Topic 5-08), 29 p., $3.20 · 32 Effects of Studded Tires (Proj. 20-5, Topic 5-13), 46 p., $4.00 33 Acquisition and Use of Geotechnical Information (Proj. 20-5, Topic 5-03), 40 p., $4.00 34 Policies for Accommodation of Utilities on Highway Rights-of-Way (Proj. 20-5, Topic 6-03), 22 p., $3.20 35 Design and Control of Freeway Off-Ramp Terminals (Proj. 20-5, Topic 5-02), 61 p., $4.40 36 Instrumentation and Equipment for Testing Highway Materials, Products, and Performance (Proj. 20-5, Topic 6-01), 70 p., $4.80 37 Lime-Fly Ash-Stabilized Bases and Subbases (Proj. 20-5, Topic 6-06), 66 p., $4.80 38 Statistically Oriented End-Result Specifications (Proj. 20-5, Topic 6-02), 40 p., $4.00 · 39 Transportation Requirements for the Handicapped, E1 derly, and Economically Disadvantaged (Proj. 20-5, Topic 6-07), 54 p., $4.40 40 Sta~ng and Management for Social, Economic, and Environmental Impact Assessments (Proj. 20-5, Topic 7-02), 43 p., $4.00 Bridge Bearings (Proj. 20-5, Topic 6-09), 62 p., $4.80 42 Design of Pile Foundations (Proj. 20-5, Topic 5-04), 68p., $4.80 43 Energy Effects, Efficiencies, and Prospects for Various Modes of Transportation (Proj. 20-5, Topic 7-05), 57 p., $4.80 44 Consolidation of Concrete for Pavements, Bridge Decks, and Overlays (Proj. 20-5, Topic 7-01), 61 p., $4.80 45 Rapid-Setting Materials for patching of Concrete (Proj. 20-5, Topic 6-05), 13 p., $2.40 46 Recording and Reporting Methods for Highway Main tenance Expenditures (Proj. 20-5, Topic 7-04), 35 p., $3.60 Effect of Weather on Highway Construction 20-5, Topic 5-07), 29 p., $3.20 48 Priority Programming and Project Selection 20-5, Topic 7-07), 31 p., $3.20 49 Open-Graded Friction Courses for Highways (Proj. 20-5, Topic 8-09), 50p., $4.00 50 Durability of Drainage Pipe (Proj. 20-5, Topic 5-09), 37 p., $3.60 51 Construction Contract Staffing (Proj. 20-5, 8-02), 62p., $6.00 52 Management and Selection Systems for Highway Main tenance equipment (Proj. 20-5, Topic 8-08), 17 p., $4.40 53 Precast Concrete Elements for Transportation Facili ties (Proj. 20-5, Topic 8-05), 48 p., $5.60 Recycling Materials for Highways (Proj. 20-5, Topic 8-01), 53 p., $5.60 55 Storage and Retrieval Systems for Highway and Trans (Proj. (Proj. T. OplC

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50 TABLE 6 (Continued) SYNTHESIS OF HIGHWAY PRACTICE NO. TITLE, PAGES, PRICE NO. TITLE, PAGES, PRICE portation Data (Proj. 20-52 Topic 8-06), 30 p., $4.80 56 Joint-Related Distress in PCC Pavement Cause, Pre vention and Rehabilitation (Proj. 20-5, Topic 7-06), 36 p., $5.20 · 57 Durability of Concrete Bridge Decks (Proj. 20-5, Topic 9-01), 61 p., $6.00 58 Consequences of Deferred Maintenance (Proj. 20-5, Topic 10-01), 24p., $4.40 59 Relationship of Asphalt Cement Properties to Pave ment Durability (Proj. 20-5, Topic 8-11), 43 p., $5.60 60 Failure and Repair of Continuously Reinforced Con crete Pavement (Proj. 20-5, Topic 9-08), 42 p., $5.60 Changeable Message Signs (Proj. 20-5, Topic 9-03), 37 p., $5.60 62 State Resources for Financing Transportation Pro grams (Proj. 20-5, Topic 9-09), 34 p., $5.20 63 Design and Use of Highway Shoulders (Proj. 20-5, Topic 8-03), 26p., $4.80 64 Bituminous Patching Mixtures (Proj. 20-5, Topic 8-12), 26 p., $4.80 65 Quality Assurance (Proj. 20-5, Topic 9-05), 42 p., $5.60 66 Glare Screen Guidelines (Proj. 20-5, Topic 9-11), 17p., $4.40 67 Bridge Drainage Systems (Proj. 20-5, Topic 10-06), 44 p., $5.60 68 Motor Vehicle Size and Weight Regulations, Enforce ment, and Permit Operations (Proj. 20-5, Topic 10-04), 45 p., $6.00 69 Bus Route and Schedule Planning Guidelines (Proj. 20-5, Topic 7-09), 99 p., $8.00 70 Design of Sedimentation Basins (Proj. 20-5, Topic 9-10), 54 p., $6.80 71 Direction Finding from Arterials to Destinations (Proj. 20-5, Topic 9-07), 50 p., $6.40 72 Transportation Needs Studies and Financial Con straints (Proj. 20-5, Topic 11-01), 54p., $6.80 73 Alternative Work Schedules: Impacts on Transporta tion (Proj. 20-5, Topic 9-06), 54p., $6.80 74 State Transit-Management Assistance to Local Com munities (Proj. 20-5, Topic 10-11), 35 p., $6.00 75 Transit Boards Composition, Roles, and Procedures (Proj. 20-5, Topic 11-09), 24 p., $6.20 76 Collection and Use of Pavement Condition Data (Proj. 20-5, Topic 10-05), 74p., $8.00 77 Evaluation of Pavement Maintenance Stategies (Proj. 20-5, Topic 11-08), 56p., $7.40 78 Value Engineering in Preconstruction and Construc tion (Proj. 20-5, Topic 11-02, 03), 23 p., $6.40 79 Contract Time Determination (Proj. 20-5, Topic 11 10), 45 p., $7.20 80 Formulating and Justifying Highway Maintenance Budgets (Proj. 20-5, Topic 10-03), 49 p., $7.20 81 Experiences in Transportation System Management (Proj. 20-5, Topic 11-14), 88 p., $8.40 82 Criteria for Evaluation of Truck Weight Enforcement Programs (Proj. 20-5, Topic 12-02), 74 p., $7.20 83 Bus Transit Accessibility for the Handicapped in Urban Areas (Proj. 20-5, Topic 11- 13), 73 p., $7.60 90 91 92 93 97 98 99 100 102 104 105 107 109 84 Evaluation Criteria and Priority Setting for State High way Programs (Proj. 20-5, Topic 12-01), 32 p. $6.40 85 Energy Involved in Construction Materials and Pro cedures (Proj. 20-5, Topic 12-09), 34p., $6.40 86 Effects of Traffic-Induced Vibrations on Bridge-Deck Repairs (Proj. 20-5, Topic 10-21), 40 p., $6.80 87 Highway Noise Barriers (Proj. 20-5, Topic 12-07), 82 p., $7.20 88 Underwater Inspection and Repairs of Bridge Sub structures (Proj. 20-5, Topic 10-08), 77 p., $7.60 89 Geotechnical Instrumentation for Monitoring Field Performance (Proj. 20-5, Topic 11-06), 46 p., $6.80 New-Product Evaluation Procedures (Proj. 20-5, Topic 12-12), 34 pp., $6.80 Highway Accident Analysis Systems (Proj. 20-5, Topic 12-03), 69 pp., $7.60 Minimizing Reflection Cracking of Pavement Overlays (Proj. 20-5, Topic 11-04), 38 pp., $6.80 Coordination of Transportation System Management and Land Use Management (Proj. 20-5, Topic 12-08), 38 pp. $6.80 94 Photologging (Proj. 20-5, Topic 8-10), 38 p., $6.80 95 Statewide Transportation Planning (Proj. 20-5, Topic 13-05), 54 p., $7.20 96 Pavement Subsurface Drainage Systems (Proj. 20-5, Topic 11-07), 38p., $6.80 Transit Ownership/Operation Options for Small Ur ban and Rural Areas (Proj. 20-5, Topic 13-06), 28 p., $6.40 Resealing Joints and Cracks in Rigid and Flexible Pavements (Proj. 20-5, Topic 12-04), 62 p., $7.20 Resurfacing with Portland Cement Concrete (Proj. 20-5, Topic 13-04), 90p., $8.40 Managing State Highway Finance (Proj. 20-5, Topic 13-03), 23 p., $6.40 101 Historic Bridges: Criteria for Decision Making (Proj. 20-5,Topic13-11), 84p., $8.00 Material Certification and Material-Certification Effec tiveness (Proj. 20-5, Topic 14-05), 24p., $6.00 103 Risk Assessment Process for Hazardous Materials Transportation (Proj. 20-5, Topic 13-10), 36 p., $6.40 Criteria for Use of Asphalt Friction Surfaces (Proj. 20-5, Topic 14-08), 41 p., $6.80 Construction Contract Claims: Causes and Methods of Settlement (Proj. 20-5, Topic 13-01), 58 p., $7.20 106 Practical Guidelines for Minimizing Tort Liability (Proj. 20-5, Topic 14-01), 40 p., $6.80 Shallow Foundations for Highway Structures (Proj. 20-5, Topic 12-06), 38 p., $6.80 108 Bridge Weight Limit Posting Practice (Proj. 20-5, Topic 13-08), 3Q p., $6.40 Highway Users of Epoxy with Concrete (Proj. 20-5, Topic 14-12), 68 p., $8.80 110 Maintenance Management Systems (Proj. 20-5, Topic 14-06), 49 p., $8.00

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51 TABLE 6 (Continue]) SYNTHESIS OF HIGHWAY PRACI'ICE NO. TITLE, PAGES, PRICE 111 Distribution of Wheel Loads on Highway Bridges (Proj. 20-5, Topic 14-22), 21 p., $7.20 112 Cost Effectiveness of Hot-Dip Galvanizing for Exposed Steel (Proj. 20-5, Topic 15- 19), 28 p., $7.20 113 Administration of Research, Development, and Im plementation Activities in Highway Agencies (Proj. 20 5,Topicl4-11), 49p., $8.00 114 Management of Traffic Signal Maintenance (Proj. 20- 5, Topic 14-02), 133 p., $10.80 115 Reducing Construction Conflicts Between Highways and Utilities (Proj. 20-5, Topic 14-03), 72 p., $8.80 116 Asphalt Overlay Design Procedures (Proj. 20-5, Topic 14-04), 66 p., $8.40 117 Toll Highway Financing (Proj. 20-5, Topic 15 01), 29 p., $7.20 118 Detecting Defects and Deterioration in Highway Struc- tures (Proj. 20-5, Topic 15-03), 75 p., $8.80 119 Prefabricated Bridge Elements and Systems (Proj. 20- 5, Topic 15-10), 75 p., $8.80 120 Professional Resource Management and Forecasting (Proj. 20-5, Topic 15-08), 14 p., $6.80 121 Energy Conservation in Transportation (Proj. 20-5, Topic 14-09), 25 p., $7.20 122 Life-Cycle Cost Analysis of Pavements (Proj. 20-5, Topic 15-07), 136 p., $10.80 123 Bridge Designs to Reduce and Facilitate Maintenance Repairs (Proj. 20-5, Topic 12-11), 65 p., $8.40 124 Use of Weigh-In-Motion Systems for Data Collection and Enforcement (Proj. 20-5, Topic 16-02), 34 p., $7.60 125 Maintenance Activities Accomplished by Contract (Proj. 20-5, Topic 14-07), 42 p., $8.00 126 Equipment for Obtaining Pavement Condition and Traffic Loading Data (Proj. 20-5, Topic 15-04), 117 p., $11.20 NO. TITLE, PAGES, PRICE 127 Use of Fly Ash in Concrete (Proj. 20-5, Topic 16-07), 66 p., $8.40 128 Methods of Identifying Hazardous Highway Elements (Proj. 20-5, Topic 15-06), 80 p., $10.00 129 Freezing and Thawing Resistance of High-Strength Concrete (Proj. 20-5, Topic 16-05), 31 p., $7.60 130 Traffic Data Collection and Analysis: Methods and Procedures (Proj. 20-5, Topic 15-11), 58 p., $8.40 131 Effects of Permit and Illegal Overloads on Pavements (Proj. 20-5, Topic 15-05), 99 p., $10.40 132 System-Wide Safety Improvements: An Approach to Safety Consistency (Proj. 20-5, Topic 17-01), 20 p., $6.80 133 Integrated Highway Information Systems (Pro;. 20-5, Topic 17-02), 31 p., $7.60 134 D-Cracking of Concrete Pavements (Pro;. 20-5, Topic 17-08), 33 p., $7.60 135 Pavement Management Practices (Pro;. 20-5, Topic 17 10), 139p., $12.40 136 Protective Coatings for Bridge Steel (Pro;. 20-5, Topic 15-09), 107 p., $11.00 137 Negotiating and Contracting for Professional Engi neering Services (Proj. 20-5, Topic 18-05), 75 p., $10.00 138 Pavement Markings Materials and Application for Ex tended Service Life (Proj. 20-5, Topic 18-06), 45 p., $8.00 139 Pedestrians and Traffic-Control Measures (Pro;. 20-5, Topic 17-11), 75 p., $9.00 140 Durability of Prestressed Concrete Highway Structures (Proj. 20-5, Topic 15-02), 65 p., $9.00 141 Bridge Deck Joints (Proj. 20-5, Topic 16-10), (In prep aration) 142 Methods of Cost-Effectiveness Analysis for Highway Projects (Proj. 20-5, Topic 13-02), (In preparation) 143 Uniformity Efforts in Oversize/Overweight Permits (Proj. 20-5, Topic 19-02), (In preparation)

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52 TABLE 7 NCHRP RESEARCH RESULTS DIGESTS a DIGEST PROJ. NO. NO. 3 6 20-6 20-6 11 14 19 20 22 25 31 32 39 40 41 42 45 47 48 54 55 67 68 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 89 91 95 97 99 100 102 103 105 106 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 119 121 122 123b 126 127 129 133 TITLE, PAGES, PRICE 20-6 12-3 20-6 19-1 20-6 20-6 20-6 20-6 20-6 20-6 20-6 20-6 20-6 20-6 10-9 20-6 20-7 15-2 20-6 22-3, 3A 20-7 3-20 20-6 20-6 22-1A 1-15 20-6 22-2 12-16 1-12(3) 3-21 20-6 3-23 20-6 20-5 22-2 20-6 3-26 20-5 20-6 20-6 20-6 20-6 20-6 20-6 20-11B Var. 20-6 20-6 21 -2(3) 3-26 4-9 3- 18(4) 8-19 20-6 1-16 Relocation Assistance Under Chapter Five of the 1968 Federal-Aid Highway Act 18 p. $1.00 Standing to Sue for Purposes of Securing Judicial Review of Exercise of Administrative Discretion in Route Location of Federal-Aid Highways 9 p. $1.00 Valuation Changes Resulting from Influence of Public Improvements 25 p. $1.00 Waterproof Expansion Joints for Bridges 3 p. $1.00 Advance Acquisition Under the Federal-Aid Highway Act of 1968 21 p. $1.00 Budgeting for State Highway Departments 4 p. $1.00 Valuation in Eminent Domain as Affected by Zoning 19 p. $1.00 Federal Environmental Legislation and Regulations as Affecting Highways 35 p. $1.00 Proposed Legislation to Authorize Joint Development of Highway Rights-of-Way 12 p. $1.00 Changes in Existing State Law Required by the Uniform Relocation Assistance and Real Property Ac quisition Policies Act of 1970 13 p. $1.00 Legal Effect of Representations as to Subsurface Conditions 17 p. $1.00 Appeal Bodies for Highway Relocation Assistance 16 p. $1.00 Trial Strategy and Techniques to Exclude Noncompensable Damages and Improper Valuation Methods in Eminent Domain Cases 24 p. $1.00 Supplemental Condemnation: A Discussion of the Principles of excess and Substitute Condemnation 20 p. $1.00 Exclusion of Increase or Decrease in Value Caused by Public Improvement for Which Lands Are Condemned 24 p. $1.00 Trial Strategy and Techniques Using the Comparable Sales Approach to Valuation Surface Condition Rating System for Bituminous Pavements 24 p. $1.50 Trial Strategy and Techniques Using the Income Approach to Valuation 31 p. $1.00 Side-Friction Factors in the Design of Highway Curves (Task 4) 9 p. $1.00 Field Evaluation of Tentative Design Procedure for Riprap-Lined Channels 4 p. $1.00 The Meaning of Highway Purpose 15 p. $ 1.00 Field Evaluation of Vehicle Barrier System 3 p. $1.00 Earth-Berm Vehicle Deflector (Task 3) 3 p. $1.00 Traffic Signal Warrants A Bibliography 42 p. $1.00 Personal Liability of State Highway Department Officers and Employees Liability of State Highway Departments for Design, Construction, and Maintenance Defects 49 p. $5.00 Crash Testing and Evaluation of Attenuating Bridge Railing System 10 p. $1.00 Design of Continuously Reinforced Concrete Pavements for Highways 12 p. $1.00 Liability of State and Local Governments for Snow and Ice Control 16 p. $3.00 Breakaway Cable Terminals for Guardrails and Median Barriers 18 p. $1.00 Bridge Deck Repairs 22 p. $1.00 Guidelines for Skid-Resistant Highway Pavement Surfaces 12 p. Motorist Response to Guide Signing 9 p. $1.00 Legal Implications of Regulations Aimed at Reducing Wet-Weather Skidding Accidents on Highways 31 p. $3.00 Guidelines for Uniformity in Traffic Control Signal Design Configurations 8 p. $1.00 Liability of the State for Highway Traffic Noise 14 p. $3.00 Safe Conduct of Traffic Through Highway Construction and Maintenance Zones 5 p. $1.00 Modified Breakaway Cable Terminals for Guardrails and Median Barriers 13 p. $1.00 Payment of Attorney Fees in Eminent Domain and Environmental Litigation 24 p. $3.00 Selected Acoustical Parameters of Highway Noise Barriers 8 p. $1.00 Use of Waste Materials in Highway Construction and Maintenance 2 p. $1.00 Trial Strategy and Techniques in Highway Contract Litigation 31 p. $3.00 Control of Conflicts of Interest in Highway Construction Contract Administration 56 p. $3.00 Liability of State and Local Governments for Negligence Arising out of the Installation and Maintenance of Warning Signs, Traffic Lights, and Pavement Markings 14 p. $3.00 Trial Aids in Highway Condemnation Cases 11 p. $3.00 Legal Implications of Control of Access to Uncontrolled-Access Highways 22 p. Right to Compensation in Eminent Domain for Abrogation of Restrictive Covenants Energy Analysis Methodology for Assessing Environmental Impacts 7 p. $1.00 NCHRP Research on the Durability of Reinforced Concrete Bridge Components 6 p. $1.00 Payments to Public Utilities for Relocation of Facilities in Highway Rights-of-Way 35 p. $3.00 Recovery of Condemnation Blight Under Inverse Law 11 p. $3.00 Development and Field Evaluation of Prototype Soil Moisture Sensors. 3 p. $1.00 Noise Barrier Acoustical Parameters Experimental Results 5 p. $1.00 Evaluation of Preformed Elastomeric Pavement Joint Sealing Systems 7 p. $1.00 Performance Evaluation of Signalized Network Control Strategies 4 p. $1.00 The Vehicle-Miles of Travel-Urban Highway Supply Relationship 7 p. $1.00 Legal Implications of Highway Department's Failure to Comply with Design, Safety, or Maintenance Guidelines 17 p. $3.00 Evaluation of Winter-Driving Traction Aids 13 p. $1.00 22 p. $1.00 $3.00 12 p. $3.00 7 p. $1.00

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53 TABLE 7 (Continued) DIGEST NO. 134 135 136 137 138 141 145 146 147 149 150 151 152 153 154 157 158 160 161 163 164 165 167 168 PROJ NO. 20-6 20-6 20-6 20-6 20-6 20-6 20-6 20-6 20-6 20-6 20-6 20-6 20-6 20-6 20-6 20-6 20-6 20-6 2-14 20-6 20-6 20-6 Var 20-5 TITLE, PAGES, PRICE Procedural Aspects of Inverse Condemnation-Title on Interest Acquired by Transportation and Other Public Agencies 13 p. $3.00 Liability of the State for Injury-Producing Defects in Highway Surface 14 p. $3.00 State Highway Programs Versus the Spending Powers of Congress 18 p. $3.00 The Erects of Federal and State Public Information Acts on Highway and Transportation Department Activities 23 p. $3.00 Legal Aspects of Historic Preservation in Highway Programs 27 p. $3.00 Liability of State Highway Departments for Defects in Design, Construction, and Maintenance of Bridges 20 p. $3.00 First Amendment Aspects of Control of Outdoor Advertising 31 p. $5.00 Minority and Disadvantaged Business Enterprise Requirements in Public Contracting Mineral Rights in Rights-of-Way: Acquisition, Valuations, and Disposition 15 p. Exaction of Right-of-Way by Exercise of Police Power 13 p. $5.00 Planning and Precondemnation Activities as Constituting a Taking under Inverse Law 14 p.$5.00 Liability of State for Injury or Damage Occurring in Motor Vehicle Accident Caused by Trees, Shrubbery, or Other Vegetative Obstruction Located in Right-of-Way or Growing on Adjacent Private Property 20 p. $5.00 Enforceability of the Requirement of Notice in Highway Construction Contracts 17 p. $5.00 Liability of the State for Injuries Caused by Obstruction or Defects in Highway Shoulder or Berm 19 p. $5.00 Trial Strategy and Techniques in Enforcing Laws Relating to Truck Weights and Sizes 35 p. $5.00 Supplement to Licensing and Qualification of Bidders in Selected Studies in Highway Law 19 p. $5.00 Legal Procedural Issues Related to Relocation Assistance 25 p. $5.00 Acquisition of Uneconomic Remnants Under 23 U.S.C. 109(f) 13 p. $5.00 Public and Private Partnerships for Financing Highway Improvements 34 p. $5.00 Supplement to Competitive Bidding and Award of Construction Contracts in Selected Studies in Highway Law 32 p. $6.00 Rights of Abutting Property Owner Upon Conversion of Uncontrolled-Access Road into Limited-Access Highway 14 p. $6.00 Legal Techniques for Reserving Right-of-Way for Future Projects Including Corridor Protection 44 p. $6.00 NCHRP Research on Bridge Engineering 8 p. $3.00 Continuing Project to Synthesize Information on Highway Projects 31 p. $5.00 $5.00 7 p. $3.00 . a See Table 4 for project titles. All items listed are final publications except where noted. Numbers missing from the series have been superseded by a later publication. See final page of this document for ordering information. b Subsequent publication anticipated. TABLE 8 NCHRP LEGAL RESEARCH DIGESTS a DIGEST NO. 2 3 4 PROJ. NO. 20-6 20-6 20-6 20-6 TITLE, PAGES, PRICE . Continuing Project on Legal Problems Arising Out of Highway Programs 6 p. $3.00 Supplement to Liability of State Highway Departments for Design, Construction, and Main tenance Defectsb 20 p. $6.00 Supplement to Liability of State and Local Governments for Negligence Arising Out of the Installation and Maintenance of Warning Signs, Traffic Lights, and Pavement Markingsb 10 p. $3.00 Supplement to Personal Liability of State Highway Department Officers and Employeesb 9 p. $3.00 Note: Supplements reference papers published in Selected Studies in Highway Law. Volumes 1, 2, 3, 4. a All items listed are final publications except where noted. Numbers missing from the series have been superseded by a later publication. b Subsequent publication anticipated in Addendum to SSHL.

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Representative terms from entire chapter:

completed published