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The next decade will be a crucial period for monitoring climate. The uncertain predictions of climate models will be tested and the changes in the environment may be more striking and heterogeneous than currently predicted. Achievement of the above recommendations will require a cooperative effort among the social, political, and economic sectors of the community, both local and internationally; potentially through close coordination between the scientific community and various local and international agencies such as the U.S. Agency for International Development and PAHO/WHO.