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Technology Commercialization: Russian Challenges, American Lessons (1998)

Chapter: Appendix K: NSF Industry/University Cooperative Research Centers Program

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Suggested Citation:"Appendix K: NSF Industry/University Cooperative Research Centers Program." National Research Council. 1998. Technology Commercialization: Russian Challenges, American Lessons. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/6378.
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Appendix K
National Science Foundation Industry/University Cooperative Research Centers Program

Introduction

The Industry/University Cooperative Research Centers (I/UCRC) Program was initiated in 1973 to develop long term partnerships among industry, academe, and government. The National Science Foundation invests in these partnerships to promote research programs of mutual interest, contribute to the Nation's research infrastructure base, and enhance the intellectual capacity of the engineering workforce through the integration of research and education.

The Centers are catalyzed by a small investment from NSF and are primarily supported by Center members, with NSF taking a supporting role in their development and evolution. The I/UCRC Program offers five-year awards to Centers that meet the I/UCRC Program requirements. This five-year period allows for the development of a strong partnership between the academic researchers and their industrial and government members. After five years, Centers that continue to meet the I/UCRC Program requirements may apply for a second five-year award. These awards allow Centers to continue to grow and diversify their industrial membership. After ten years, the Centers are expected to be fully supported by industrial, other Federal agency, and state and local government partners.

Defining Characteristics of an I/UCRC

A Center in the I/UCRC Program:

  • develops a partnership among academe, industry, and other organizations participating in the center;
Suggested Citation:"Appendix K: NSF Industry/University Cooperative Research Centers Program." National Research Council. 1998. Technology Commercialization: Russian Challenges, American Lessons. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/6378.
×
  • consults with Center members to set a research agenda focused on shared research interests and opportunities;
  • shares the intellectual property developed by the Center equally among Center members;
  • has Center members monitor and advise on the progress of the research, which speeds two-way transfer of knowledge between universities and industry;
  • has industrial and other partners that are the primary financial resource for the Center;
  • has a formal structure and policies for Center members outlined in an I/UCRC membership agreement;
  • relies primarily on graduate student involvement in the research projects, thus developing students who are knowledgeable in industrially relevant research;
  • has a Center Director, based at a university or college, who is responsible for all Center activities; and
  • has formal evaluations of the partnership conducted by an independent evaluator.

Eligibility

Universities and colleges with sufficient research and graduate education capabilities are eligible as lead institutions for I/UCRC Program support. Since a comprehensive range of disciplines and skills is necessary to address the research issues of interest to industry, a critical mass of interdisciplinary research capabilities is required to form a Center. In order to ensure a sufficiently broad base of research expertise, multiple universities or colleges are encouraged to partner in forming a Center. Each partner university or college is expected to attract industrial support to the Center.

I/UCRC Program Operational Requirements

Non-NSF Support

To be eligible for the I/UCRC Program, a Center is required to obtain a total of at least $300,000 annually in cash membership fees from a minimum of six Center members. This is the minimum funding needed to support a vital research agenda and to ensure the Center can support a number of students and research projects. The minimum number of members required produces a critical mass of partners and encourages a more generic research program. In general, Center members are industrial firms, although some may be other organizations such as Federal agencies. A Center may designate a number of membership categories with varying levels of membership fees and member benefits. However, there must be at least one membership category with membership fees of $25,000 or higher per year with at least three members

Suggested Citation:"Appendix K: NSF Industry/University Cooperative Research Centers Program." National Research Council. 1998. Technology Commercialization: Russian Challenges, American Lessons. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/6378.
×

participating in the Center at that level. Other membership categories with lower fees may be designated to encourage small company participation in the Center.

University cost sharing is required for a Center in the I/UCRC Program.

Center Policies and Management

A Center differs from a group of researchers performing collaborative research in that it has a formal structure that encompasses a substantial number of projects, several investigators and a group of students whose research is part of the Center. For Centers in the I/UCRC Program, this structure includes a management organization and policies that are outlined in a membership agreement signed by all Center members. The membership agreement delineates policies dealing with intellectual property rights, publication delays, membership fees and rights, university cost sharing, etc. A sample membership agreement, which may be used as a guideline, is available on the I/UCRC web site at http://www.eng.nsf.gov/eec/i-ucrc.htm.

In order to integrate the research skills and desires of Center faculty and the research needs of the Center members, a successful Center in the I/UCRC Program has the following management structure:

  • •  

    A Director who is responsible for all aspects of Center operation. The Center Director is the NSF Principal Investigator (PI) and has primary responsibility for administering the award in accordance with NSF's Grant General Conditions (GC-1) and the I/UCRC Program.

  • •  

    An Industrial Advisory Board (IAB) that reviews ongoing and completed activities and selects new projects.

  • •  

    A University Policy Committee that facilitates the operation of the Center within the university or universities to help assure recognition for participation in the Center in tenure and promotion decisions, and to assure that the research is appropriate for graduate education.

NSF Oversight and Evaluation

Operating Centers are required to submit a short annual report on progress and plans 90 days prior to the anniversary of their NSF award date. The report, which will be used as a basis for continued I/UCRC Program support, will include:

  • •  

    major accomplishments for the Center's most recently completed fiscal year (i.e. scientific and technological developments and significant technology transferred to members);

  • •  

    research goals for the current year;

  • •  

    a short description of the processes used to interact and communicate with Center members (i.e. the project selection process used by the Center, reports generated, etc.);

Suggested Citation:"Appendix K: NSF Industry/University Cooperative Research Centers Program." National Research Council. 1998. Technology Commercialization: Russian Challenges, American Lessons. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/6378.
×
  • quantitative information from the most recently completed fiscal year such as number of students, faculty, and industrial members involved in the Center, degrees granted to students involved in Center activities, amounts and sources of income to the Center, and lists of patents, licenses and publications created;
  • NSF budget forms, statement of fund obligation and statement of university cost-sharing;
  • a copy of the Center's membership agreement; and
  • a certification of the receipt of annual cash membership fees signed by the Center or Site Director and an official from the Sponsored Research Office.

NSF requires that the industry/university interaction of each Center be independently observed and evaluated during its operational phases by an independent evaluator, who is usually chosen from within the university but not from the department receiving Center funding. This gives both NSF and the Center's management feedback on the health and evolution of the partnership between Center researchers and members.

The Center evaluator is responsible for:

  • preparing an annual review of Center activities with respect to industrial collaboration during the
  • previous year (which is appended to the Center's annual report to NSF);
  • Conducting a survey (using an instrument common to all Centers) of all Center participants to probe the participant satisfaction with Center activities;
  • compiling a set of quantitative indicators to analyze the management and operation of the Center; participating in the IAB and any other relevant meetings;
  • performing exit interviews to determine why departing companies chose to withdraw from the Center; and

    feeding information on the quality of the industry/university partnership back to the Center for continuous improvement.

Concept Paper

A concept paper describing the proposed Center must be submitted to NSF for internal review. The concept paper must be approved by an I/UCRC Program Director before a proposal for either a planning grant or operational Center award will be accepted. Approval decisions will be made periodically, but no later than three months after receipt of a concept paper. The proposed Centers that fit within the industry/university collaborative scope are considered potentially viable, and do not significantly duplicate the research focus of other Centers funded in the program will be encouraged to submit a proposal for a planning grant. Those Centers that are ready for full operation under the

Suggested Citation:"Appendix K: NSF Industry/University Cooperative Research Centers Program." National Research Council. 1998. Technology Commercialization: Russian Challenges, American Lessons. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/6378.
×

requirements of the I/UCRC Program may submit a proposal for an operational Center award.

Planning Grant Proposal

A planning grant supplies funds to study the feasibility of developing the industry/university interaction necessary to establish and support a Center. The funds are used to bring together potential members to establish a research plan that fits their needs. Planning grant proposals may be reviewed internally or through external peer review, and awards do not exceed $10,000.

Operational Center Awards

Operational Centers may be based at a single university or college, or may be initiated by more than one institution. The initial I/UCRC award to a Center has a potential duration of five years, assuming sufficiently meritorious achievement and success at maintaining leverage of NSF support. I/UCRC Program support shall be up to $100,000 annually for the duration of the initial award to enable the Center to manage its proposed research and education program effectively in partnership with its other sponsors. NSF support is intended to augment the support the Center receives from industry and other sponsors. Proposals for operational Center awards are evaluated using external peer review.

Some funds are available to support institutions joining existing Centers in the I/UCRC Program. For multi-university Centers, additional funds are available to the lead institution to offset the added administrative burden.

The initial I/UCRC award may be extended for an additional period of up to five years following a successful renewal review guided by peer evaluation and favorable recommendation by the NSF Program Director. NSF I/UCRC Program support for the second five-year award shall be up to $50,000 annually.

Competition to Start New I/UCRC Funding Cycle

Because the goal of a Center is to become self-sufficient after the full ten-year funding cycle, the I/UCRC Program will not continue to fund operating Centers after ten years. This allows the limited I/UCRC Program funds to be used to establish new Centers. However, if an operating Center, in or beyond its tenth year of I/UCRC support, adds significantly new intellectual substance to its research program and continues to meet the criteria of the I/UCRC Program, it may submit a proposal for a new I/UCRC award with the same operating parameters as an initial award. Proposals to begin a new funding cycle compete against other such proposals from Centers that are beyond the ten-year funding cycle. These proposals will be subjected to a combination of individual and panel review. Awards will be based on the relative merit of the proposals and on a balance of support for both new Centers and those requesting the initiation of a new funding cycle.

Suggested Citation:"Appendix K: NSF Industry/University Cooperative Research Centers Program." National Research Council. 1998. Technology Commercialization: Russian Challenges, American Lessons. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/6378.
×

Augmented Funding for Connectivity and Long Term Discovery Research

Partnerships with State Government: In order to foster partnerships between industry sectors, the academic community, and state governments, NSF may provide up to $200,000 annually per center to Centers in the I/UCRC Program that form strong partnerships with and receive financial support from state governments.

Exploratory Research Projects: Most Centers do not have enough resources to fund all projects of interest to Center members. In making the difficult decisions concerning which projects to fund, it is often the longer term or more basic research projects that are the hardest to justify for funding as the benefits of the research may not be immediately apparent to Center members. However, these exploratory projects are often the ones with the greatest potential return for Center members and the Nation in the long run. In order to foster longer term, higher risk research projects, NSF may supply up to $200,000 annually (depending upon the quality of the proposal and the availability of funds) to fund exploratory projects. These projects must be approved by the Center's industrial advisory board.

Cross-Center Collaborative Projects (Tie Projects): In order to broaden the research base of a Center, a proposal may be submitted for a collaborative project involving researchers from a Center in the I/UCRC Program with other I/UCRC or NSF funded Centers. This type of project may address industrial research interests that could not be addressed by a single Center. The experimental plan for a cross-Center collaborative project must be developed jointly by all researchers involved and must result in a single proposal submitted by all Centers collaborating on the project. Each Center may request up to $25,000 annually for two years. The funds requested by each Center must be matched by that Center, and a letter supporting the use of Center funds for this purpose from the industrial advisory board of each collaborating Center must be included in the proposal.

Industry/University Cooperative Research Fellowships (I/UF): It can be valuable for Center researchers to spend time performing research at a member company. The researcher gains a better understanding of the research needs of the company and experience with production processes in an industrial setting. In addition, the presence of the researcher at the member company is an efficient and effective mechanism for knowledge and technology transfer. NSF supports Center researchers in residence at a member company through Cooperative Research Fellowships. A proposal for an I/UF must present an experimental plan for the research to be done by the Center researcher at the member company. Funding for a fellowship is cost-shared equally with the company, with NSF funding up to $25,000.

Suggested Citation:"Appendix K: NSF Industry/University Cooperative Research Centers Program." National Research Council. 1998. Technology Commercialization: Russian Challenges, American Lessons. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/6378.
×

Other I/UCRC Supplemental Programs: Centers in the I/UCRC Program are eligible for $5,000 per year to support a woman, under-represented minority or disabled undergraduate research assistant to perform Center research. Additionally, the I/UCRC Program will supply up to $25,000 per year for one or two years to support Center research performed by a faculty member from an undergraduate or predominately undergraduate institution. This proposal must be approved by the IAB, and the research may be performed either at the Center's or the faculty member's home institution.

Source: National Science Foundation, Program Announcement 97–164

Suggested Citation:"Appendix K: NSF Industry/University Cooperative Research Centers Program." National Research Council. 1998. Technology Commercialization: Russian Challenges, American Lessons. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/6378.
×
Page 122
Suggested Citation:"Appendix K: NSF Industry/University Cooperative Research Centers Program." National Research Council. 1998. Technology Commercialization: Russian Challenges, American Lessons. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/6378.
×
Page 123
Suggested Citation:"Appendix K: NSF Industry/University Cooperative Research Centers Program." National Research Council. 1998. Technology Commercialization: Russian Challenges, American Lessons. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/6378.
×
Page 124
Suggested Citation:"Appendix K: NSF Industry/University Cooperative Research Centers Program." National Research Council. 1998. Technology Commercialization: Russian Challenges, American Lessons. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/6378.
×
Page 125
Suggested Citation:"Appendix K: NSF Industry/University Cooperative Research Centers Program." National Research Council. 1998. Technology Commercialization: Russian Challenges, American Lessons. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/6378.
×
Page 126
Suggested Citation:"Appendix K: NSF Industry/University Cooperative Research Centers Program." National Research Council. 1998. Technology Commercialization: Russian Challenges, American Lessons. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/6378.
×
Page 127
Suggested Citation:"Appendix K: NSF Industry/University Cooperative Research Centers Program." National Research Council. 1998. Technology Commercialization: Russian Challenges, American Lessons. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/6378.
×
Page 128
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This collection of papers—by American and Russian specialists—addresses a variety of legal, regulatory, institutional, and financial issues that can promote or hinder technology commercialization. The book is the result of a series of workshops organized by the National Research Council with the Russian Academy of Sciences on commercialization of technologies, particularly those developed at research and educational institutions.

Technology Commercialization concludes with a list of actions, programs, and policies which warrant further consideration as Russia tries to improve the success of technology commercialization. This book will be of interest to those concerned with small-business development in post-communist states, university technology management, and comparative technology commercialization.

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