| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Copyright © 2009. National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved. Terms of Use and Privacy Statement |
Below are the first 10 and last 10 pages of uncorrected machine-read text (when available) of this chapter, followed by the top 30 algorithmically extracted key phrases from the chapter as a whole.
Intended to provide our own search engines and external engines with highly rich, chapter-representative searchable text on the opening pages of each chapter.
Because it is UNCORRECTED material, please consider the following text as a useful but insufficient proxy for the authoritative book pages.
Do not use for reproduction, copying, pasting, or reading; exclusively for search engines.
OCR for page 2
Rental Practice
Abstract
The effect of mental practice on subsequent performance of a
motor skill has been the subject of many reviews. The present
review of mental practice effects differed from previous reviews
by examining: (1) learning effects by means of effect sizes for
pretest-to-posttest differences, (2) mental practice effects
compared to no practice, physical practice, and mental and
physical practice, and (3) effect sizes using more contemporary
meta-analytic procedures recommended by Hedges and Olkin (1985).
An overview of meta-analytic procedures is also presented. From
the 48 studies identified as having pretest/posttest comparisons,
the overall average effect size for all practice conditions was
0.43 p<.05). Analysis of categorical comparisons among practice
conditions revealed that physical practice had the largest effect
size followed by combined practice, mental practice, and no
practice (control) conditions. This ordering of effect sizes was
also found for moderating variables of task type (motor tasks)
and dependent measures (accuracy tasks). None of the other
moderating variables were statistically significant. These
findings are discussed in relation to: (a) the conclusions
advanced by previous reviewers of the mental practice literature,
and (b) varying ratios of physical to mental practice for
enhancing learning of motor skills.
Representative terms from entire chapter:
physical practice