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Suggested Citation:"A. Tables A-1 Through A-33." National Research Council. 1986. A Relationship Restored: Trends in U.S.-China Educational Exchanges, 1978-1984. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/899.
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Suggested Citation:"A. Tables A-1 Through A-33." National Research Council. 1986. A Relationship Restored: Trends in U.S.-China Educational Exchanges, 1978-1984. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/899.
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Page 182
Suggested Citation:"A. Tables A-1 Through A-33." National Research Council. 1986. A Relationship Restored: Trends in U.S.-China Educational Exchanges, 1978-1984. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/899.
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Page 183
Suggested Citation:"A. Tables A-1 Through A-33." National Research Council. 1986. A Relationship Restored: Trends in U.S.-China Educational Exchanges, 1978-1984. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/899.
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Page 184
Suggested Citation:"A. Tables A-1 Through A-33." National Research Council. 1986. A Relationship Restored: Trends in U.S.-China Educational Exchanges, 1978-1984. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/899.
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Page 185
Suggested Citation:"A. Tables A-1 Through A-33." National Research Council. 1986. A Relationship Restored: Trends in U.S.-China Educational Exchanges, 1978-1984. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/899.
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Page 186
Suggested Citation:"A. Tables A-1 Through A-33." National Research Council. 1986. A Relationship Restored: Trends in U.S.-China Educational Exchanges, 1978-1984. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/899.
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Page 187
Suggested Citation:"A. Tables A-1 Through A-33." National Research Council. 1986. A Relationship Restored: Trends in U.S.-China Educational Exchanges, 1978-1984. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/899.
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Page 188
Suggested Citation:"A. Tables A-1 Through A-33." National Research Council. 1986. A Relationship Restored: Trends in U.S.-China Educational Exchanges, 1978-1984. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/899.
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Page 189
Suggested Citation:"A. Tables A-1 Through A-33." National Research Council. 1986. A Relationship Restored: Trends in U.S.-China Educational Exchanges, 1978-1984. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/899.
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Page 190
Suggested Citation:"A. Tables A-1 Through A-33." National Research Council. 1986. A Relationship Restored: Trends in U.S.-China Educational Exchanges, 1978-1984. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/899.
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Page 191
Suggested Citation:"A. Tables A-1 Through A-33." National Research Council. 1986. A Relationship Restored: Trends in U.S.-China Educational Exchanges, 1978-1984. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/899.
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Page 192
Suggested Citation:"A. Tables A-1 Through A-33." National Research Council. 1986. A Relationship Restored: Trends in U.S.-China Educational Exchanges, 1978-1984. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/899.
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Page 193
Suggested Citation:"A. Tables A-1 Through A-33." National Research Council. 1986. A Relationship Restored: Trends in U.S.-China Educational Exchanges, 1978-1984. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/899.
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Page 194
Suggested Citation:"A. Tables A-1 Through A-33." National Research Council. 1986. A Relationship Restored: Trends in U.S.-China Educational Exchanges, 1978-1984. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/899.
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Page 195
Suggested Citation:"A. Tables A-1 Through A-33." National Research Council. 1986. A Relationship Restored: Trends in U.S.-China Educational Exchanges, 1978-1984. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/899.
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Page 196
Suggested Citation:"A. Tables A-1 Through A-33." National Research Council. 1986. A Relationship Restored: Trends in U.S.-China Educational Exchanges, 1978-1984. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/899.
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Page 197
Suggested Citation:"A. Tables A-1 Through A-33." National Research Council. 1986. A Relationship Restored: Trends in U.S.-China Educational Exchanges, 1978-1984. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/899.
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Page 198
Suggested Citation:"A. Tables A-1 Through A-33." National Research Council. 1986. A Relationship Restored: Trends in U.S.-China Educational Exchanges, 1978-1984. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/899.
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Page 199
Suggested Citation:"A. Tables A-1 Through A-33." National Research Council. 1986. A Relationship Restored: Trends in U.S.-China Educational Exchanges, 1978-1984. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/899.
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Page 200
Suggested Citation:"A. Tables A-1 Through A-33." National Research Council. 1986. A Relationship Restored: Trends in U.S.-China Educational Exchanges, 1978-1984. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/899.
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Page 201
Suggested Citation:"A. Tables A-1 Through A-33." National Research Council. 1986. A Relationship Restored: Trends in U.S.-China Educational Exchanges, 1978-1984. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/899.
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Page 202
Suggested Citation:"A. Tables A-1 Through A-33." National Research Council. 1986. A Relationship Restored: Trends in U.S.-China Educational Exchanges, 1978-1984. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/899.
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Page 203
Suggested Citation:"A. Tables A-1 Through A-33." National Research Council. 1986. A Relationship Restored: Trends in U.S.-China Educational Exchanges, 1978-1984. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/899.
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Page 204
Suggested Citation:"A. Tables A-1 Through A-33." National Research Council. 1986. A Relationship Restored: Trends in U.S.-China Educational Exchanges, 1978-1984. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/899.
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Page 205
Suggested Citation:"A. Tables A-1 Through A-33." National Research Council. 1986. A Relationship Restored: Trends in U.S.-China Educational Exchanges, 1978-1984. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/899.
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Page 206
Suggested Citation:"A. Tables A-1 Through A-33." National Research Council. 1986. A Relationship Restored: Trends in U.S.-China Educational Exchanges, 1978-1984. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/899.
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Page 207
Suggested Citation:"A. Tables A-1 Through A-33." National Research Council. 1986. A Relationship Restored: Trends in U.S.-China Educational Exchanges, 1978-1984. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/899.
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Page 208
Suggested Citation:"A. Tables A-1 Through A-33." National Research Council. 1986. A Relationship Restored: Trends in U.S.-China Educational Exchanges, 1978-1984. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/899.
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Page 209
Suggested Citation:"A. Tables A-1 Through A-33." National Research Council. 1986. A Relationship Restored: Trends in U.S.-China Educational Exchanges, 1978-1984. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/899.
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Page 210
Suggested Citation:"A. Tables A-1 Through A-33." National Research Council. 1986. A Relationship Restored: Trends in U.S.-China Educational Exchanges, 1978-1984. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/899.
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Page 211
Suggested Citation:"A. Tables A-1 Through A-33." National Research Council. 1986. A Relationship Restored: Trends in U.S.-China Educational Exchanges, 1978-1984. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/899.
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Page 212
Suggested Citation:"A. Tables A-1 Through A-33." National Research Council. 1986. A Relationship Restored: Trends in U.S.-China Educational Exchanges, 1978-1984. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/899.
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Page 213
Suggested Citation:"A. Tables A-1 Through A-33." National Research Council. 1986. A Relationship Restored: Trends in U.S.-China Educational Exchanges, 1978-1984. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/899.
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Page 214
Suggested Citation:"A. Tables A-1 Through A-33." National Research Council. 1986. A Relationship Restored: Trends in U.S.-China Educational Exchanges, 1978-1984. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/899.
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Page 215

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APPENDIX A TABLE A-1 Native Provinces of Chinese Students in the United States for Selected Years, 1903 Through 1945 (percent) 1903a 1909 - 58.0 38.1 4.0 28.5 6.0 11.3 2.0 4.6 0.4 1.7 8.4 16.0 3.4 1.3 1914 47.2 13.9 8.3 5.3 8.0 2.4 2.2 1910 1911 38.0 51.2 23.2 22.0 11.6 9.2 5.1 3.7 2.1 1.0 3.1 1.6 8.2 4.3 4.1 2.0 1.4 0.4 1.0 2.1 2.7 1918 1921b 43.0 24.2 13.4 21.9 9.2 10.8 8.8 7.8 4.7 5.2 2.6 3.7 2.8 1.9 3.7 9.7 10.6 2.8 2.3 2.0 2.6 1.6 1.4 0.8 0.5 0.1 0.8 1943 1945 36.9 33.6 20.9 22.3 8.4 7.5 6.4 5.5 3.0 3.2 10.9 1.6 1.7 2.2 2.5 1.5 1.1 1.3 0.4 Kwangtung Kiangsu Chekiang Fukien Hunan Hupeh Hopeh Anhwei Kiangsi Szechuan Shantung Honan Shansi . . . ~laonlng Kirin Heilungkiang Others Total ~ To ~ Total (no.) Including 2.0 1.5 1.7 100.0 100.0 100.0 50 239 292 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.7 1.5 100.0 490 unknown 50 292 650 5.9 2.9 100.0 100.0 830 990 847 1,124 2.4 1.5 1.8 1.5 2.2 2.2 3.8 1.2 0.9 0.8 0.9 1.3 0.1 3.3 1.8 100.0 100.0 679 1,191 805 1,295 1.7 100.0 1,972 3,066 aThe information is not complete, only 50 out of "some two hundred students" being listed. The sample seems, however, fairly representative. bAfter 1921 the native origin of a student is no longer listed in directories of Chinese students, except during the years from 1943 to 1945 when a great expansion of the activities of the China Institute caused it to issue directories much more comprehensive in scope than was customarily the case. SOURCE: Adapted, with permission, from Y. C. Wang, Chinese Intellectuals and the West: 1872-1949 (Chapel Hill, University of North Carolina Press, 1966). 181

182 APPENDIX A TABLE A-2 Fields of Chinese Students in America, for Selected Years, 1905 Through 1952-1953 (percent) 1906- 1920- 1931- 1934- 1905 -1907 1909 1914 1918 1921 1924 1927 1932 1935 8.6 10.2 10.7 20.8 13.4 — 0.2 2.6 5.4 0.9 2.1 1.6 1.0 1.6 1.0 - 1.7 0.8 — 0.2 - 0.2 6.5 0.8 0.2 0.4 1.6 0.2 0.1 4.2 6.6 19.3 12.5 2.3 1.7 7.3 4.2 7.6 4.4 2.1 2.2 14.1 10.8 9.0 9.2 6.0 6.5 0.1 0.6 1.1 1.5 1.8 0.6 Humanities Business Education Literature History Philosophy Library science Journalism Fine arts General Law Political science Economics Sociology Education Home economics Religion Music Social work Engineering Sciences Medicine Agriculture Military Sciences Preparatory Total Subtotal: no. students 130 Unknown Total no. students 130 — 16.4 2.1 0.3 — 0.6 0.1 5.4 1.5 1.6 5.6 2.3 5.4 8.6 4.6 4.6 — 15.8 5.6 19.7 8.2 7.7 3.8 0.1 1.6 10.2 1.7 2.8 4.7 1.0 9.3 4.0 4.4 4.7 2.2 3.5 _ - 1.0 2.2 11.9 0.5 0.5 1.0 0.3 0.2 0.3 9.1 12.3 2.6 3.1 5.9 0.7 10.5 8.9 5.8 0.7 1.6 0.8 — 0.7 2.3 4.9 10.1 5.5 1.0 s.s 15.1 1.5 4.6 6.8 2.2 10.1 14.0 7.1 8.7 5.6 7.5 0.2 0.1 1.2 1.1 0.1 4.6 9.4 14.1 1.6 5.9 2.7 3.9 12.4 11.4 7.2 2.7 1.5 0.2 23.8 27.2 33.9 30.8 28.2 38.3 36.3 23.7 22.4 30.1 4.6 - 9.8 7.5 9.3 9.3 10.2 11.1 11.7 5.1 4.6 - 2.2 4.8 7.9 6.0 6.8 7.6 7.8 9.5 4.6 - 4.3 6.0 4.3 5.2 3.5 3.3 4.2 3.9 0.8 - - 0.4 0.5 0.3 0.2 1.2 0.6 0.1 46.2 58.6 - 29.5 6.2 - - - - — 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 162 183 55 217 747 1,058 100 66 183 847 1,124 862 1,225 1,272 933 931 55 412 141 323 573 917 1,637 1,413 1,256 1,504 SOURCE: Adapted, with permission, from Y. C. Wang, Chinese Intellectuals and the West: 1872-1949 (Chapel Hill, University of North Carolina Press, 1966~.

APPENDIX A 183 0.4 0.6 2.3 1.8 - 0.5 1.5 19.4 10.6 13.0 13.3 13.8 11.9 1.7 1.5 0.6 3.4 3.9 3.3 4.9 5.6 5.2 3.3 2.8 2.8 7.0 8.6 7.8 16.1 17.8 17.8 11.5 12.6 12.3 2.7 2.1 2.5 1.5 2.2 1.9 0.4 0.9 1.1 1.9 0.3 1 7 1.1 1.4 1935- 1936- 1937- 1941- Nov. 1949- 1950- 1951- 1952- Tote Tote 1936 1937 1938 1942 1942 1943 1945 1950 1951 1952 1953 % No. . 22.8 12.4 15.0 6.5 5.8 6.8 7.0 14.3 13.2 11.9 10.5 11.7 3,690 0.1 - - 0.4 1.4 3.1 2.2 2.3 2.7 3.0 3.2 3.5 1,112 - - - 0.8 0.8 1.5 1.3 1.3 1.2 1.2 1.7 1.0 314 0.4 - - 0.6 - 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.8 1.0 0.5 0.6 181 0.6 - 0.5 0.1 - - 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.4 0.7 0.5 160 2.3 1.8 1.5 3.1 1.9 0.3 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.3 0.9 1.0 300 - - - 1.5 1.7 1.1 1.2 0.3 0.4 0.6 0.6 0.6 182 19.4 10.6 13.0 - - - 0.5 8.6 7.0 5.4 2.9 4.5 1,441 13.3 13.8 11.9 14.5 15.3 18.6 15.9 11.9 14.0 13.4 11.4 13.6 4,270 1.7 1.5 0.6 1.0 1.3 2.1 1.8 0.9 1.3 0.9 1.5 1.5 461 3.4 3.9 3.3 4.5 4.3 5.6 5.1 4.4 3.9 4.7 3.8 4.3 1,348 4.9 5.6 5.2 4.3 4.8 7.1 6.0 4.9 5.9 5.1 3.8 5.2 1,636 3.3 2.8 2.8 4.7 4.9 3.8 3.0 1.8 3.0 2.7 2.3 2.6 825 7.0 8.6 7.8 8.6 7.9 6.5 6.9 7.5 8.5 7.7 8.6 8.6 2,708 16.1 17.8 17.8 13.1 8.0 8.3 7.2 15.7 14.7 12.9 11.3 12.2 3,840 11.5 12.6 12.3 6.5 4.6 5.0 4.7 6.2 6.2 5.4 4.3 6.8 2,137 2.7 2.1 2.5 2.3 2.0 0.4 0.6 2.8 1.9 1.4 1.6 1.6 493 1.5 2.2 1.9 2.3 - 0.6 - 3.4 3.1 2.8 2.8 1.9 605 0.4 0.9 1.1 2.0 1.4 1.6 1.3 2.4 2.6 2.2 1.8 1.5 464 - - - - - 0.7 0.6 0.9 1.0 1.1 0.8 0.4 141 23.0 22.4 25.5 28.4 39.1 34.8 41.1 27.5 25.8 25.5 26.9 28.7 9,023 6.6 10.4 6.3 13.6 15.7 14.5 10.9 14.8 15.0 17.4 18.6 12.3 3,872 7.3 11.1 11.0 13.1 5.2 6.5 7.6 5.1 5.9 8.4 10.2 7.8 2,455 3.6 3.4 4.6 2.1 2.9 2.8 2.4 3.2 2.9 2.8 2.5 3.3 1,045 0.3 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 1.2 1.0 - - - - 0.3 87 - - - - - - - - - - - 1.5 442 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 1,585 1,909 2,221 1,545 1,042 1,259 2,372 3,634 3,351 2,773 2,238 299 253 117 204 15 38 650 290 274 224 410 1 884 2,162 2,338 1,749 1,057 1,297 3,022 3,924 3,625 2,997 2,648 - 31,432 4,499 - 35,931

184 APPENDIX A TABLE A-3 Number of Faculty Members Trained Abroad and to Be Sent Abroacl Under China University Development Project, Between September 1982 and April 1984 Age No. Institutiona Total Title 56 20 & 51- 41- 31- 21- & Assoc. M F over 55 50 40 30 under Prof. Prof. Lect. Ass't. Grad. U.G. 1 Beijing U. 39 34 5 5 22 12 — — — 2 36 1 2 Fudan U. 38 35 3— 2 9 15 11 1 — 3 7 — 4 24 3 Nanjing U. 59 54 5— 8 31 4 16— — 10 31 18 4 Nankai U. 35 28 9— 7 5 10 10 3 — 2 1 9 7 16 5 Wuhan U. 39 36 3 1 — 10 11 17— 1 10 8 4 1 15 6 Zhongshan U. 44 37 7— 2 6 13 23— — 2 13 9 5 15 7 Xiamen U. 34 34 — — — 2 7 24 1 — 2 — 15 1 16 8 Shandong U. 31 31 — — 1 3 4 23— — 1 1 11 5 13 9 Jilin U. 52 41 11 3 8 20 8 13 — 2 15 19 2 6 8 10 Lanzbou U. 33 30 3— 3 14 1 13 2 — 7 11 2 — 13 11 Sichuan U. 19 15 4 — — 3 6 10 — — — 5 6 1 7 12 Qinghua U. 109 96 13— 9 66 18 16— — 24 66 5 — 14 13 Xian Jiaotong U. 61 57 4 — 7 21 12 21 — — 12 17 11 2 19 _ 14 Chinese U. cuff Sci. & Tech. 53 46 7 — — 22 20 11 — 15 Shanghai Jiaotong U. 42 42 — — — — 15 27— 16 Zhejiang U. 51 49 2— 5 3 3 39 1 17 Tianjin U. 35 33 2— 5 2 7 20 1 18 Dalian I.T. 64 58 6 1 3 18 9 33 — 19 Huanan I.T. 47 42 5 — 2 7 12 26 — 20 Nanjing I.T. 45 42 3 — 5 3 5 32 — 21 Huazhong I.T. 59 55 4 — 3 9 25 22 — 22 Chongqing U. 30 22 8— — 1 5 21 3 23 Beijing A.U. 41 30 11 4 19 7 3 8 24 Beijing M.C. 46 37 9 — 18 18 9 1 25 Beijing N.U. 42 20 22 — 1 18 8 15 — 26 Huadong N.U. 28 25 3 — 2 1 12 13 — — — 4 27 Ton~i U. 5 5 — — — 2 3 — — — — 2 28 SFEI — — — — — — — — — — — — — 4 32 5 - 12 — - - 16 - 26 2 4 3 - 1 41 — 6 11 25 6 20 — 3 10 14 8 5 — 2 9 5 7 24 — 6 2 2 3 32 1 10 . 12 16 — 20 — - 3 2 2 23 — 22 5 9 2 3 — 16 21 9 - — — 9 15 8 1 9 9 3 1 — Total 1,182 1,034 148 14 132 320 245 467 12 8 205 209 204 65 12 2 390 au. = University; I.T. = Institute of Technology; A.U. = Agricultural University; M.C. = Medical College; N.U. = Normal University; SFEI = Shanghai Institute of Finance and Eco- nomics. bThese figures were supplied by China's Ministry of Education. There are several errors of arithmetic and inconsistencies. CThese figures report the number of individuals awarded grants to study in various countries. This is not a report of actual grantee activities. SOURCE: China University Development Project, World Bank.

APPENDIX A TABLE A-3 (Continued) 185 Countryb U.S. Can. Jpn. Austral. Fr. FRG U.K. Belg. Neth. Other 34 22 4 37 5 24 7 20 4 31 5 18 10 20 3 26 5 13 14 9 4 51 16 34 8 35 4 33 2 35 2 25 4 33 4 31 12 25 3 49 3 18 4 21 4 29 2 24 5 16 2 5 3 13 1 3 — 7 2 l 1 2 3 10 6 1 TrainingC 1 yr 2 yr Ph.D. M. 39 — 9 42 4 12 3 2 1 35 18 — 1 1 _ I 4 3 1 2 12 2 14 1 2 9 3 4 2 2 1 7 4 2 3 1 4 2 1 2 4 1 2 2 5 3 - _ _ 1 2 1 2 6 2 8 3 6 - 1 2 2 1 6 4 1 2 - 1 - 1 1 4 2 - - 2 - 1 2 4 4 1 7 7 1 14 8 1 5 1 1 6 89 2 23 13 23 19 19 31 20 10 15 13 18 27 - 13 21 31 8 1 _ 9 9 2 12 9 1 2 - - 1 3 14 7 13 - - - 8 - 3 17 12 3 14 6 _ 4 20 s 25 40 25 3 3 s 3 14 2 1 2 _ 1 _ 3 _ 2 709 140 68 17 14 54 12 30 42 21 26 23 34 25 22 10 1 16 22 106 10 13 43 447 81 114 510

186 APPENDIX A TABLE A-4 PRC-Government-Sponsored Students Sent to Japan 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983a Total Currentb Undergraduate students — 103 115 117 50 385 364 (17) Jinxiusheng 131 238 224 266 47 906 526 (108) Graduate students — — — 148 — 148 148 (50) Total 131 341 339 531 97 1,439 1,038 (175) aAs of April 1983. bCurrent = in Japan as of April 1983. Figures in parentheses: number of Chinese students sponsored by the Japanese government. SOURCE: Data from Ministry of Education, Japan. TABLE A-5 Percentage Distribution of J-1 and F-1 Visa Holders by Sex and Marital Status, 1983 J-1 and Sex and Marital Status J-1 F-1 F-1 Men 81 63 77 Single 21 40 26 Married 59 22 51 Previously married O O O Women 19 37 23 Single 5 29 11 Married 14 8 12 Previously married O O O Total 100 100 100 N= (3,183) (949) (4,132 NOTE: Percentage of missing data excluded from totals is less than 1 percent. SOURCE: Records of visas issued in 1983.

APPENDIX A TABLE A-6 Percentage Distribution of PRC ]-1 Students and Scholars by Field of Study and Category, 1979 Through 1984 187 Category of Scholar Research Int'l. Professional Student Trainee Teacher Professor Scholar Visitor Trainee Field of Study - Agriculture American studies Architecture Business management 2 Computer science Education Engineering English as a second language Health sciences Humanities 5 Law Library and archival science Life sciences Mathematics Physical sciences Social sciences Other Total N= NOTE: Individuals are counted in this table for each year they study a given field. Some persons are counted more than once. The symbol "—" indicates a value less than 0.5 percent. Missing data account for less than 1 percent for all years. SOURCE: USIA data tape. 2 33 0 3 3 5 3 o — 1 ~ O — — — — O 1 - — O . ~ 2 4 4 1 7 3 2 5 3 2 21 4 23 27 23 6 5 16 13 15 4 2 3 1 2 0 4 31 4 9 6 1 4 ~ 8 9 100 100 20 34 10 18 o 29 47 — 1 4 8 s 15 9 6 10 9 24 9 3 8 3 1 10 100 100 100 100 100 (7,897) (579) (182) (1,021) (15,669) (606) (312)

188 APPENDIX A TABLE A-7 Percentage Distribution of Female PRC ]-1 Students and Scholars by Field, 1979 Through 1984 Field Agriculture American studies Architecture Business management Computer, information science Education Engineering EsLb Health sciences Humanities Law Library and archival science Life sciences Mathematics Physical sciences Social sciences Other Total ]-1 visa holders beginning new programs aThe figures in parentheses indicate the total number of all ]-1 visa holders from which the percentages were derived. bEnglish as a second language. SOURCE: USIA data tape. Percent Femalea 16 48 16 14 11 30 8 31 33 31 15 40 26 9 14 19 36 17 (536) (23) (45) (220) (448) (341) (3,450) (108) (1,372) (409) (121) (53) (1,133) (546) (2,965) (653) (11) (12,434) TABLE A-8 Percentage Distribution of PRC F-1 Visa Holders by Sex and Educational Background, 1983 N= Highest Level of Education Completed Male Female Total Middle school or less 14 17 15 Technical school 12 17 14 College/university—no degree 13 13 13 College/university—degree 59 50 56 Graduate study 2 3 3 Total 100 100 100 (532)a (3l8)b (8so)a aPercentage of missing data excluded from total is 11 percent. bPercentage of missing data excluded from total is 9 percent. SOURCE: Records of visas issued in 1983.

APPENDIX A TABLE A-9 Percentage Distribution of ]-1 Students and Scholars Beginning New Programs in the United States, by Age, 1979 Through 1983 189 Age 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 Below 30 5 6 9 21 34 30-39 33 22 21 21 20 40-49 55 55 57 42 31 50-59 5 13 11 14 12 60 end above 2 3 2 2 2 Total 100 100 100 100 100 N= (884) (1,844) (2,989) (2,945) (3,088) SOURCE: USIA data tape.

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APPENDIX A TABLE A-ll CIES American Fulbright Lecturers to the PRC, 1980 Through 1984 Year 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 Lecturers Total 13 12 13 18 17 73 NOTE: Total numbers include eight renewals. SOURCE: Data set provided by the Council for International Ex- change of Scholars (CIES). TABLE A-12 Field Distribution of CIES American Fulbright Lecturers in the PRC, 1980 Through 1984 1981 1982 1983 1984 191 Field of Study 1980 Total 14 EsLa Linguistics American literature American studies American history Education Law Economics Political science Business Library resources Other Total NOTE: Data include eight renewals. aEnglish as a second language. SOURCE: Data set provided by the Council for International Exchange of Scholars (CIES). 8 3 2 2 4 2 o o o o o o o o 3 1 2 o 2 o 5 1 2 1 o o o o 3 o o o o o o 1 2 o o o 6 18 0 1 4 12 o 3 2 2 1 1 o 2 4 8 17 73 2 o 2 2 0 2

192 APPENDIX A TABLE A-13 Percentage Distribution of CIES American Fulbright Lecturers in the PRC, by City, 1980 Through 1984 City Beijing Guangzbou Shanghai in- .. 1 1an]ln Nanjing Wuhan Jinan Dalian Total Lecturers 34 2s 4 0 s s loon NOTE: Data include eight renewals. aPercentages have been rounded to the nearest percentage point. SOURCE: Data set provided by the Council for International Ex- change of Scholars (CIES). TABLE A-14 Field Distribution of CIES Chinese Fulbright Lecturers in the United States, 1980 Through 1984 Field of Study Chinese geography Chinese literature Chinese law Economics Linguistics Chinese history Business Arts China studies Total Lecturers 4 3 2 5 1 2 1 2 2 22 NOTE: Data include two renewals. SOURCE: Data set provided by the Council for International Ex- change of Scholars (CIES).

APPENDIX A TABLE A-15 Field Distribution of CIES Chinese Fulbright Researchers in the United States, 1980 Through 1984 Field of Study American studies American political science History American law American literature U.S. economics Urban planning Business management Chinese language English as a second language Other Not stated Total Researchers s 8 2 0 8 2 3 3 45 NOTE: Data include eight renewals. SOURCE: Data set provided by the Council for International Ex- change of Scholars (CIES). TABLE A-16 CIES Chinese Fulbright Lecturers and Researchers in the United States, by Year, 1980 Through 1984 193 Year Lecturers Researchers Total 1980 5 2 7 1981 7 7 14 1982 3 9 12 1983 3 13 16 1984 4 14 18 Total 22 45 67 NOTE: Data include 10 renewals. SOURCE: Data set provided by the Council for International Exchange of Scholars (CIES).

194 APPENDIX A TABLE A-17 CSCPRC National Program Grantees in Anthropology, Economics, Political Science, and Sociology, by Program Year, 1978-1979 Through 1984-1985 Political Program Year Anthropology Economics Science Sociology l 1978-1979 1979-1980 1980-1981 1981-1982 1982-1983 1983-1984 1984-1985 Total NOTES: Figures were determined by counting the field of study indicated by the grantee on his or her application. Grantees who indicated two fields were counted twice. Program year 1978-1979 began January 1, 1979. All other program years begin on July 1. SOURCE: Committee on Scholarly Communication with the People's Republic of China (CSCPRC) National Program files. 2 4 3 4 2 3 19 o 2 3 1 1 2 o 9 2 4 0 2 1 o 2 1 3 0 5 1 18 5 TABLE A-18 The 12 U.S. Universities with the Most CSCPRC National Program Grantees, 1978-1979 Through 1984-1985 University Stanford University University of Michigan Harvard University University of California, Berkeley Columbia University University of Washington University of Chicago Princeton University Yale University Ohio State University Cornell University University of Hawaii, Manoa/Honolulu Total NOTE: Program year 1978-1979 began January 1, 1979. All other program years begin on July 1. SOURCE: CSCPRC National Program files. National Program Grantees 23 19 14 13 11 11 6 135

APPENDIX A 195 TABLE A-l9 Geographic Distribution of Principal Hosts of CSCPRC National Program Grantees by Province/Municipality in China, 1978-1979 Through 1984-1985 Province/ M unicipality . Anhui Beijing Fujian Gansu Guangdong Guangxi Autonomous Region Guizhou Hebei Heilongjiang Henan Hubei Hunan Jiangsu Jiangxi Jilin . . .laonlng Nei Mongol Ningxiaa Qinghai Shaanxi Shandong Shanghai Shanxi Sichuan Tianjin Xinjiang Autonomous Region Xizang Autonomous Region Yunnan Zhejiang Total No. of Grantees 2 152 2 2 8 o 2 1 o o 6 24 o 4 2 2 o 2 4 7 23 o 4 5 o o 1 4 258 NOTES: Program year 1978-1979 began January 1, 1979. All other program years begin on July l. A total of eight province-level units have received no National Program Grantces, 1978- 1979 through 1984-1985. This tabulation includes only principal host location in China, not all sites at which research may have been undertaken. aOne scholar received a grant extension that enabled him to spend a substantial amount of time in Ningxia although his initial principal host was located in Beijing. SOURCE: CSCPRC National Program files.

196 APPENDIX A TABLE A-20 Chinese DSEP Grantees by Sex, 1979-1980 Through 1984-1985 Sex Grantees 115 14 129 Male Female Total NOTE: Program years begin on July 1. SOURCE: CSCPRC Distinguished Scholar Exchange Program (DSEP) files. TABLE A-21 American DSEP Grantees by Sex, 1979-1980 Through 1984-1985 Sex Grantees Male Female Total 55 9 164 NOTE: Program years begin on July 1. SOURCE: CSCPRC Distinguished Scholar Exchange Program (DSEP) files. TABLE A-22 Chinese and American DSEP Grantees by Program Year, 1979-1980 Through 1984-1985 Chinese American Program Year Grantees Grantees 1979-1980 16 35 1980-1981 13 13 1981-1982 25 25 1982-1983 14 29 1983-1984 32 33 1984-1985 29 29 Total 129 164 NOTE: Program years begin on July 1. SOURCE: CSCPRC Distinguished Scholar Exchange Program (DSEP) files.

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APPENDIX A TABLE A-24 Percentage Distribution of PRC ]-1 and F-1 Visa Holders by Intended Region of Residence in the United States, 1983 199 institutions Resident of Higher Number of New Region in Population Education Students and Scholars United States 1982 1982 J-1 F-1 Northeast New England 5 8 9 7 Middle Atlantic 16 17 23 24 North Central East North Central 18 16 20 16 West North Central 8 10 7 7 South South Atlantic 17 16 11 7 East South Central 6 7 2 1 West South Central 11 8 5 7 West Mountain 5 5 5 5 Pacific 14 12 17 27 Total 100 100 100 100 N = (3,269) (3,040)a (938)b NOTE: Regions include the following states: New England—Connecticut, Maine, Massa- cusetts, New Hampshire, Rhode Island, Vermont; Middle Atlantic—New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania; East North Central—Illinois, Indiana, Michigan, Ohio, Wisconsin; West North Central—Iowa, Kansas, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, South Dakota; South Atlantic—Delaware, Washington, D.C., Florida, Georgia, Mary- land, North Carolina, South Carolina, Virginia, West Virginia; East South Central— Alabama, Kentucky, Mississippi, Tennessee; West South Central—Arkansas, Louisiana, Oklahoma, Texas; Mountain—Arizona, Colorado, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mex- ico, Utah, Wyoming; Pacific—Alaska, California, Hawaii, Oregon, Washington. aPercentage of missing data excluded from total is 5 percent. bPercentage of missing data excluded from total is 1 percent. SOURCES: Population—Statistical Abstract of the United States, 1984, p. 10; higher education—Statistical Abstract of the United States, 1984, p. 136; students and scholars— records of visas issued in 1983. TABLE A-25 Percentage Distribution of PRC ]-1 and F-1 Visa Holders in California and New York, 1983 F-1 Visa ]-1 Visa State Holders Holders California 24 13 New York 18 15 Total 42 28 SOURCE: Records of visas issued in 1983.

200 TABLE A-26 U.S. Colleges and Universities with the Largest Numbers of PRC ]-1 and F-1 Visa Holders Issued Visas in 1983 APPENDIX A College or University Both ]-1 and F-1 Number of New Students and Scholars in 1983 Columbia University University of Wisconsin, Madison University of California, Berkeley University of California, Los Angeles University of Michigan Stanford University University of Minnesota Michigan State University Purdue University University of Illinois, Champaign-Urbana Cornell University University of Maryland, College Park University of Pittsburgh City University of New York, The City College Massachusetts Institute of Technology J-1 visa only University of Wisconsin, Madison University of California, Berkeley Columbia University University of Michigan University of California, Los Angeles Stanford University University of Minnesota University of Illinois, Champaign-Urbana Cornell University University of Pittsburgh Michigan State University F-1 visa only Columbia University La Guardia Community College, N.Y. The Loop College, Ill. City University of New York, The City College Hunter College University of California, Los Angeles University of Wisconsin, Madison Rutgers University University of Houston San Francisco State University 98 90 87 78 71 67 65 60 58 58 57 54 53 52 51 83 77 66 66 61 58 58 55 54 52 52 31 19 19 17 17 17 17 13 12 11 NOTE: Since these data were compiled from 1983 visa application files, the U.S. colleges and universities listed are the ones that the Chinese students and scholars intended to attend. SOURCE: 1983 visa data.

APPENDIX A TABLE A-27 Ten U.S. Universities/Colleges and States with Largest PRC Student Populations, Academic Year 1984-1985 201 Universities/Collegesa and Statesb CUNY Queens College University of Michigan, Ann Arbor SUNY at Stony Brook University of California, Los Angeles City College of Chicago, Loop College (2-year) University of Wisconsin, Madison University of Texas, Austin New York University SUNY at Buffalo University of Washington No. of PRC Students 135 129 122 105 102 99 90 83 80 78 New York California Illinois Michigan Massachusetts Texas Pennsylvania Ohio Indiana Wisconsin 890 690 310 284 254 250 186 167 127 123 aPRC students are enrolled in at least 390 U.S. colleges and universities. bPRC students are enrolled in universities in all 50 states, the District of Columbia, and Guam. SOURCE: Data provided by Jay Henderson, Institute of International Education. TABLE A-28 Percentage Distribution of PRC ]-1 and F-1 Visa Holders by Type of American University Affiliation, in 1983 Type of Visa Type of Institution J-1 F-1 Private research universitiesa 23 11 Public research universitiesa 53 27 Other private institutions 9 24 Other public institutions 16 38 Total 100 100 N = (2,758)b (86l)c aAmong the top 100 research universities in the United States. bPercentage of missing data excluded from total is 14 percent. CPercentage of missing data excluded from total is 9 percent. SOURCES: Records of visas issued in 1983; National Science Foundation, "Early Release of Summary Statistics on Academic Science/Engineering Resources," November 1984; and data supplied by the National Center for Education Statistics.

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APPENDIX A TABLE A-30 AcIditional Interinstitutional Agreements Between U.S. and PRC Institutions 211 U.S. Institution PRC Institutions - Beijing University Nanjing University Southwestern Jiaotong University Xinjiang University University of Arizona (under negotiation) University of California at Berkeley Columbia University Harvard University Johns Hopkins University University of Michigan University of Pennsylvania University of Wisconsin at Madison Yale University NOTE: This table complements the information in Table A-29. SOURCE: Telephone interviews conducted by CSCPRC staff. Beijing University Fudan University Nanjing University Beijing University Shanghai Jiaotong University Beijing University Chinese Academy of Social Sciences Fudan University Nanjing University Shandong University Zhongshan University Beijing Medical Institute Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Nanjing University Shanghai First Medical College Beijing University Chinese Academy of Social Sciences Qinghua University Shanghai Jiaotong University Beijing University of Iron and Steel Technology (with Penn's School of Engineering) Northwest Telecommunications Institute Shanghai Jiaotong University (with the Wharton and Engineering Schools) Harbin Medical College Harbin Teachers University Heilongjiang University Nankai University Harbin Institute of Technology (pending) Northeast Agricultural College (pending) Nanjing University (pending) Qinghua University (pending) Shanghai Jiaotong University (pending) Tianjin University (pending) Wuhan University

212 APPENDIX A TABLE A-31 PRC Institutions Known to Have One or More Exchanges with a U.S. University Institution No. of Agreements (If greater than 1) COLLEGES AND UNIVERSITIES Anhui University Beijing Agricultural University Beijing Forestry College Beijing Institute of Agricultural Mechanization Beijing Institute of Foreign Trade (now called The University of International Business and Economics) . . . Beijing Institute of Foreign Language-Branch (Agent, China Educational Tours) Beijing Institute of Physical Education Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing Language Institute Beijing Medical College Beijing Normal University Beijing Polytechnic University Beijing Second Medical College Beijing Teacher's College Beijing University of Iron and Steel Technology Beijing University Beijing University—Department of Chinese Language Central-South Institute of Mining and Metallurgy Changchun Institute of Geography Chengdu Institute of Physical Culture Chengdu University of Science and Technology Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences and Agricultural Engineering Chinese University of Sciences and Technology (Beijing) 2 Chongqing Architectural Engineering Institute Chongqing University College of Geology, Changchun East China Institute of Hydraulic Engineering East China Normal University, Shanghai East China Normal University East China Technical University of Water Resources Forestry College of Inner Mongolia Fudan University Fujian College of Forestry Gansu Agricultural University Gansu Grassland Ecological Institute Gllangxi University Hangzhou School of Nursing Hangzhou University Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin Medical University 6 2 2 2 2 2 9 .10 2

A PPE N DIX A TABLE A-31 (Continued) Institution No. of Agreements (If greater than 1) Heilongjiang University Henan Medical College Huazhong Agricultural College Huazhong Institute of Technology Hubei Medical College Hunan Medical College Hunan University Jiaotong University, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Xian Jilin University of Technology Jilin University . . . Jinan University Kunming Institute of Technology Lanzhou University Liaoning University Nanjing Agricultural College Nanjing Institute of Technology Nanjing Technological College of Forest Products Nanjing University Nankai University Northeast Agricultural College, Harbin Northeast Normal University Northeast University of Technology, Shenyang . . . Northeastern Forestry Institute Northwest College of Agriculture Northwestern Polytechnic University Qinghua University Shaanxi Forest Research Institute Shaanxi Normal University Shaanxi Teacher's University Shandong College of Oceanography Shandong Teacher's University Shandong University 4 Shanghai Institute of Foreign Languages 2 Shanghai Second Medical College Shanxi Agricultural College Shanxi Agricultural University Shenyang Agricultural College Sichuan Agricultural College Sichuan Foreign Language Institute Sichuan Medical College and Chongqing Medical College Sichuan University South China Agricultural College South China Institute of Technology South China Normal University . Southwest Teacher's College 4 ... 3 2 3 2 2 213 (Continued)

214 A RELATIONSHIP RESTORED TABLE A-31 (Continued) Institution No. of Agreements (If greater than 1) Southwestern Jiaotong University Taiyuan Institute of Technology Tianjin Normal College Tongji University, Shanghai University of Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology of China (Hefei) . . Wuhan Geological College Wuhan Institute of Hydraulic and Electrical Engineering Wuhan Universitv .................... Xian Foreign Language Institute Xibei University . . Yunnan University Zhejiang Agricultural University Zhejiang University ....... Zhengzhou University ..... Zhongshan Medical College Zhongshan University English Language Center Zhongshan University ...... 2 ............ 5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 OTHER Beijing Language Institute . . - Central Translation Bureau China Daily Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science and Agricultural Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences ................................. Chinese Academy of Sciences, Gansu Province Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Systems Science Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Botany Foreign Languages Press Foreign Language Publications and Distribution Bureau Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences Hubei Bureau of Education Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences Ministry of Agriculture Ministry of Education Ministry of Forestry ........................................... Radio Beijing Xinhua News Agency Yunnan Province s 2 6 2 SOURCE: University questionnaires.

APPENDIX A 215 TABLE A-32 Number of American Scholars Supported by University Funds for Travel to the PRC, 1983 Through 1985 Institutions Supporting Scholars (No.) Undergraduate Graduate Faculty 1983-84 1984-85 1983-84 1984-85 1983-84 10 13 15 14 4 2 3 Scholars Sllpp rted (No ) _84-85 10 12 S 2 2 3 More than 4 — 1 Number of 13 15 2 3 2 3 3 3 _ — 1 — — - 1 1 1 1 . . universities responding to question 19 19 19 19 19 19 NOTE: The symbol "—" indicates a value of less than 0.5 percent. SOURCE: Asian studies questionnaires. TABLE A-33 Title VI Fellowshipa Expenditures and Grants Awarded, by Year, Fiscal Years 1980 Through 1984 Fiscalb Total Program Expenditures Awards to Awards to Year Expenditures for East Asia East Asia China 1980 4,799~500C 1,166,278 190 110 1981 6,099,996C 1,423,290C 187 111 1982 57924,700C 1,37O,174C 178 117 1983 6,000,000C 1,376,450C 151C 87C 1984 7,200,000C 1,626,518C _ d _d NOTE: These figures on numbers of awards do not include numbers of summer grants which started in FY 1981, although the dollar figures do include summer allocations. a(National Defense Foreign Language fellowships—also known as either Foreign Lan- guage and Area Studies fellowships [FLAS] or National Resource Fellowships [NRF].) Title VI of the Higher Education Act was formerly Title VI of the National Defense Education Act; hence the former National Defense Foreign Language fellowships (NDFL) are now referred to as Foreign Language and Area Studies fellowships (FLAS). bFiscal year 1980 refers to funding awarded during academic year 1980-1981; this is the same for all years. CThese figures were provided by Ann I. Schneider of the U.S. Department of Education. All other figures were calculated by CSCPRC staff from Department of Education data. dData for these years were not yet available. SOURCE: Dr. Ann I. Schneider, U.S. Department of Education.

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A Relationship Restored: Trends in U.S.-China Educational Exchanges, 1978-1984 Get This Book
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In what The Wall Street Journal calls "the first comprehensive analysis of Sino-American educational exchanges," this volume provides information on the numbers and attributes of American and Chinese students and scholars who have moved between China and the United States since 1978. This book not only supplies quantitative data on their fields of study, length of stay, and financial resources, but also discusses such qualitative issues as the problems students and scholars have encountered in carrying out their work, the adequacy of their preparation, the "reabsorption" process that students and scholars from China face upon their return home, and the impact of the exchange process on fields of study in both countries.

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