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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." Institute of Medicine. 1994. Committee on Military Nutrition Research: Activity Report 1992-1994. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/9169.
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Committee on Military Nutrition Research

Activity Report

April 1, 1992 through November 30, 1994

Food and Nutrition Board

INSTITUTE OF MEDICINE

Prepared by

Bernadette M. Marriott and Paul Thomas

NATIONAL ACADEMY PRESS
Washington, D.C.
1994

Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." Institute of Medicine. 1994. Committee on Military Nutrition Research: Activity Report 1992-1994. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/9169.
×

NATIONAL ACADEMY PRESS
2101 Constitution Avenue, N.W.Washington, DC 20418

NOTICE: The project that is the subject of this report was approved by the Governing Board of the National Research Council, whose members are drawn from the councils of the National Academy of Sciences, the National Academy of Engineering, and the Institute of Medicine. The members of the committee responsible for the report were chosen for their special competencies and with regard for appropriate balance.

This report presents a summary of activities of the Committee on Military Nutrition Research (CMNR) from April 1, 1992, through November 30, 1994. Many of the activities mentioned here have resulted in reports that were previously published or submitted as letter reports to the sponsor and as such were reviewed by a group other than the authors according to procedures approved by a Report Review Committee consisting of members of the National Academy of Sciences, the National Academy of Engineering, and the Institute of Medicine. This activities summary has not been separately reviewed and represents an overview of all activities during the project period as designated.

The Institute of Medicine was chartered in 1970 by the National Academy of Sciences to enlist distinguished members of the appropriate professions in the examination of policy matters pertaining to the health of the public. In this, the Institute acts under both the Academy's 1863 congressional charter responsibility to be an adviser to the federal government and its own initiative in identifying issues of medical care, research, and education. Dr. Kenneth I. Shine is president of the Institute of Medicine.

The activities of the Committee on Military Nutrition Research (CMNR) from April 1, 1992, through November 30, 1994, were supported by Grant no. DAMD17-92-J-2003 from the U.S. Army Medical Research and Development Command. The preparation of this report and partial funding for reports produced from October 20, 1994 through November 30, 1994 were supported by Grant No. DAMD17-94-J-4046 from the U.S. Army Medical Research and Development Command through the U.S. Army Medical Research Acquisition Activity.

A limited supply of additional copies of this report are available from:

Food and Nutrition Board

Institute of Medicine (FO-3046)

2101 Constitution Avenue, N.W.

Washington, DC 20418

Printed in the United States of America

The serpent has been a symbol of long life, healing, and knowledge among almost all cultures and religions since the beginning of recorded history. The image adopted as a logotype by the Institute of Medicine is based on a relief carving from ancient Greece, now held by the Staatlichemuseen in Berlin.

Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." Institute of Medicine. 1994. Committee on Military Nutrition Research: Activity Report 1992-1994. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/9169.
×

COMMITTEE ON MILITARY NUTRITION RESEARCH

(in April, 1992)

ROBERT O. NESHEIM (Chair),

Monterey, California

RICHARD ATKINSON,

Department of Internal Medicine, Veterans Administration Medical Center, Hampton, Virginia

WILLIAM R. BEISEL,

Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Johns Hopkins University School of Hygiene and Public Health

JOEL A. GRINKER,

Program in Human Nutrition, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor

EDWARD HORTON,

Department of Medicine, University of Vermont, College of Medicine, Burlington

RICHARD JANSEN,

Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Colorado State University, Fort Collins

GILBERT LEVEILLE,

Nabisco Brands Incorporated, East Hanover, New Jersey

JOHN A. MILNER,

Department of Nutrition, Pennsylvania State University, State College, Pennsylvania

JAMES G. PENLAND,

U.S. Department of Agriculture Research Service, Grand Forks Human Nutrition Research Center, Grand Forks, North Dakota

JOHN VANDERVEEN,

Division of Nutrition, Food and Drug Administration, Washington, D.C.

ALLISON A. YATES,

College of Health and Human Sciences, University of Southern Mississippi, Hattiesburg

Food and Nutrition Board Liaison

JOHANNA T. DWYER,

Frances Stern Nutrition Center, New England Medical Center Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts

Committee on Military Nutrition Research Grant Officer Representative

COL. ELDON W. ASKEW,

U.S. Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Natick, Massachusetts

Staff

BERNADETTE M. MARRIOTT, Program Director

VALERIE McCADDON BREEN, Project Assistant

Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." Institute of Medicine. 1994. Committee on Military Nutrition Research: Activity Report 1992-1994. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/9169.
×

COMMITTEE ON MILITARY NUTRITION RESEARCH

(current)

ROBERT O. NESHEIM (Chair),

Monterey, California

RICHARD L. ATKINSON,

Department of Nutritional Science, University of Wisconsin, Madison

WILLIAM R. BEISEL,

Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Johns Hopkins University School of Hygiene and Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland

GAIL E. BUTTERFIELD,

Division of Endocrinology, Gerontology, and Metabolism, Stanford University School of Medicine; and Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center, Veterans Administration Medical Center, Palo Alto, California

JOHN D. FERNSTROM,

Department of Psychiatry, Pharmacology, and Neuroscience, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pennsylvania

JOËL A. GRINKER,

Program in Human Nutrition, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor

G. RICHARD JANSEN,

Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Colorado State University, Fort Collins

ORVILLE A. LEVANDER,

Vitamin and Mineral Nutrition Laboratory, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Beltsville, Maryland

GILBERT A. LEVEILLE,

Nabisco Brands Incorporated, East Hanover, New Jersey

JOHN E. VANDERVEEN,

Division of Nutrition, Food and Drug Administration, Washington, D.C.

Food and Nutrition Board Liaison

JOHANNA T. DWYER,

Frances Stern Nutrition Center, New England Medical Center Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts

Committee on Military Nutrition Research U.S. Army Grant Officer Representative

JAMES A. VOGEL,

U.S. Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Natick, Massachusetts

Staff

BERNADETTE M. MARRIOTT, Program Director

DONNA F. ALLEN, Project Assistant

Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." Institute of Medicine. 1994. Committee on Military Nutrition Research: Activity Report 1992-1994. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/9169.
×

FOOD AND NUTRITION BOARD

(in April, 1992)

M.R.C. GREENWOOD (Chair),

University of California, Davis, California

DONALD B. McCORMICK (Vice Chair),

Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia

PERRY L. ADKISSON,

Department of Entomology,Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas

LINDSAY H. ALLEN,

Nutritional Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut

DENNIS M. BIER,

Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri

EDWIN L. BIERMAN,

University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington

MICHAEL P. DOYLE,

Department of Food Science and Technology, University of Georgia, Griffin, Georgia

JOHANNA T. DWYER,

Frances Stern Nutrition Center, New England Medical Center Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts

JOHN W. ERDMAN, Jr.,

University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois

NANCY FOGG-JOHNSON,

Consumer Healthcare Division, Miles Incorporated, Elkhart, Indiana

CUTBERTO GARZA,

Division of Nutritional Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York

K. MICHAEL HAMBIDGE,

Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Medical Center, Denver, Colorado

JANET C. KING,

Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of California, Berkeley, California

JOHN E. KINSELLA,

University of California, Davis, California

LAURENCE N. KOLONEL,

Cancer Center of Hawaii, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii

SANFORD MILLER,

Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Texas, San Antonio, Texas

MALDEN C. NESHEIM,

Office of the Provost, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York

ROY M. PITKIN (Ex Officio),

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of California, Los Angeles, California

STEVE L. TAYLOR (Ex Officio),

Department of Food Science and Technology, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, Nebraska

Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." Institute of Medicine. 1994. Committee on Military Nutrition Research: Activity Report 1992-1994. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/9169.
×

Staff

CATHERINE E. WOTEKI, Director

MARCIA LEWIS, Administrative Assistant

SUSAN WYATT, Financial Associate

Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." Institute of Medicine. 1994. Committee on Military Nutrition Research: Activity Report 1992-1994. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/9169.
×

FOOD AND NUTRITION BOARD

(November, 1994)

JANET C. KING (Chair),

Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of California, Berkeley

EDWIN L. BIERMAN (Vice-Chair),

Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Nutrition, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle

JOHN W. ERDMAN, JR. (Vice-Chair),

Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana

CUTBERTO GARZA (Vice-Chair),

Division of Nutritional Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York

PERRY L. ADKISSON,

Department of Entomology, Texas A&M University, College Station

LINDSAY H. ALLEN,

Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis

DENNIS M. BIER,

Children's Nutrition Research Center, Baylor College of Medicine Houston, Texas

FERGUS M. CLYDESDALE,

Department of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Massachusetts, Amherst

HECTOR F. DeLUCA,

Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison

MICHAEL P. DOYLE,

Department of Food Science and Technology, University of Georgia, Griffin

JOHANNA T. DWYER,

Tufts University Schools of Medicine and Nutrition, Boston, Massachusetts

SCOTT M. GRUNDY,

University of Texas, Center for Human Nutrition, Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas

K. MICHAEL HAMBIDGE,

Center for Human Nutrition, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Denver

LAURENCE N. KOLONEL,

Epidemiology Program, Cancer Center of Hawaii, University of Hawaii, Honolulu

SANFORD A. MILLER,

Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio

ALFRED SOMMER,

School of Hygiene and Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland

VERNON R. YOUNG,

Laboratory of Human Nutrition, School of Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge

STEVE L. TAYLOR (Ex-Officio),

Department of Food Science and Technology, University of Nebraska, Lincoln

ARTHUR H. RUBENSTEIN (IOM Council Liaison),

Department of Medicine, the University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois

Page viii Cite
Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." Institute of Medicine. 1994. Committee on Military Nutrition Research: Activity Report 1992-1994. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/9169.
×

Staff

ALLISON A. YATES, Director

BERNADETTE M. MARRIOTT, Associate Director

GAIL E. SPEARS, Administrative Assistant

JAMAINE L. TINKER, Financial Associate

Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." Institute of Medicine. 1994. Committee on Military Nutrition Research: Activity Report 1992-1994. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/9169.
×

Preface

The issues addressed in this report as well as in the previous 5 year report, Committee Military Nutrition Research: Activity Report 1986–1992, (Marriott and Earl, 1992), illustrate the diversity of activities addressed by the Committee on Military Nutrition Research (CMNR). This diversity has required the use of a broad range of expertise to respond to the issues brought to the CMNR. The range of scientific disciplines represented on the CMNR has been augmented as necessary through the use of workshops or special advisors to enable the CMNR to bring the degree and breadth of expertise necessary to properly respond to the subject under review. The committee has been pleased with and is very appreciative of the willing participation of the invited participants in these sessions and of their providing written papers which have constituted a major part of the CMNR reports. Many of these workshops have included experts from within the military who have shared their research activities and information. They have been excellent representatives of the quality of research that the military has been conducting on many of these problems.

The military is to be commended for continuing to ensure that the nutritional needs of its personnel are adequately met during the stress of military operations through its support of nutrition and related research. There has also been interest and support for modifications of rations of military personnel consistent with the advice provided by the nutrition and public health leadership in the United States. The CMNR is cognizant of the desire

Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." Institute of Medicine. 1994. Committee on Military Nutrition Research: Activity Report 1992-1994. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/9169.
×

to balance long-term health considerations with the demands of maintaining performance under the environmental extremes of military operations.

The ability of operational rations to help sustain military performance has been the subject of CMNR review since 1982. Field studies have shown the adequacy of nutrient intake other than calories sufficient to maintain the weight and performance of troops in the field. Complex interactions involving palatability of the ration components, convenience, fluid intake, socialization, and physical and psychological stresses that influence the consumption of operational rations are discussed in the publication, Not Eating Enough, Overcoming Underconsumption of Operational Rations (CMNR, in press). Further evaluation of these complex factors will undoubtedly continue to be of interest to the military and the CMNR.

We have appreciated the close working relationships with COL David Schnakenberg and Colonel Wayne Askew, who have now retired, and the excellent liaison they provided between the military and the Committee. They greatly assisted the work of the Committee by bringing issues forward for consideration and helping to identify expertise familiar with these problems, particularly from within the armed forces. We look forward to continued close association and guidance from Dr. James A. Vogel and his group at USARIEM.

As Committee Chair, I express my deep appreciation to all of the Committee members who have given their time, dedication, and expertise to the careful analysis of the issues and to developing the conclusions and recommendations of the Committee. I also thank all participants in the many workshops who have greatly aided our activities and assured that the appropriate expertise has been available to the Committee. Finally I wish to express my appreciation to the staff of the Food and Nutrition Board assigned to this activity over the past 3 years.

In particular I acknowledge for myself and the entire committee the outstanding support presently provided to this activity by Bernadette Marriott, Ph.D., Associate Director, Food and Nutrition Board, Institute of Medicine, and her assistant, Donna Allen. They have worked with extreme dedication to update and complete publication of several pending CMNR reports and to assure a timely response to the issues currently under consideration by the Committee. The additional assistance of Paul Thomas and Susan Knasiak with this activity report is gratefully acknowledged.

Robert O. Nesheim, Ph.D.

Chair

Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." Institute of Medicine. 1994. Committee on Military Nutrition Research: Activity Report 1992-1994. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/9169.
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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." Institute of Medicine. 1994. Committee on Military Nutrition Research: Activity Report 1992-1994. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/9169.
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