TABLE 7.1 The Basis for Estimating the Annual Number of New Potential Vaccinees and the Delay in Vaccination Benefits
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Pathogen (Target Population)
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Type of Vaccine
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Individuals Entering Target Populationa
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Delay in Vaccination Benefits
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Dengue virus
(Infants and children in endemic areas; travelers to endemic areas)
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Attenuated live vector virus containing gene for broadly cross-reacting protective antigen
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Birth cohort in endemic areas: 48 million
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Probable age of vaccination
(<1 year) to peak of DHF/DSSb (6 years), i.e., approx. 5 years
Vaccinate to peak age of dengue fever (adolescents and adults)
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Escherichia coli
(enterotoxigenic)
(Infants<6 months)
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A combination of purified colonization factor antigens and possibly other antigens
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Birth cohort: 115.1 million
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Probable age of vaccination
(<1 year) to peak age of disease (1–2 years), i.e., approx. 1 year
|
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Genetically engineered attenuated strains
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Hemophilus influenzae type b
(Infants)
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Conjugated polysaccharide
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Birth cohort: 115.1 million
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Probable age of vaccination
(<1 year) to peak of serious disease (2–3 years), i.e., approx. 2 years
|
|
Hepatitis A virus
(Susceptibles of all ages; routine for preschool children)
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Attenuated live virus
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Birth cohort: 115.1 million
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Probable age of vaccination
(<1 year) to peak age of disease in LTDCs (2–4), i.e., approx. 2 years
|
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Polypeptide recombinant vaccine produced in yeast
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Hepatitis B virus
(Areas with high perinatal infection: all infants at birth (if possible). Other areas: all infants, simultaneous with other vaccinations, at earliest possible age)
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Polypeptide produced by recombinant DNA technology
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Birth cohort: 115.1 million
|
Probable age of vaccination
(<1 year) to mid-point between peak of acute disease (10 years) and serious chronic illness (35–40 years), i.e., approx. 30 years
|
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Japanese encephalitis virus
(Children in epidemic and endemic areas; foreign visitors to epidemic regions)
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Inactivated virus produced in cell culture
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Birth cohort in endemic/ epidemic areas: 64.8 million
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Probable age of vaccination
(<1 year) to peak age of disease (approx. age 8), i.e. approx. 7 years
|
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Mycobacterium leprae
(Immunoprophylactic: all children in endemic areas. Immunotherapeutic: all recently infected individuals)
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Armadillo-derived M. leprae
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Immunoprophylactic—birth cohort in endemic areas: 44.8 million
Immunotherapeutic—incidence approx. 1.5 million
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6 years, based on estimated incubation period
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